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This research aims to determine the student's knowledge levels in the Department of music education after completing two semesters of Western music theory and practice courses. The study group consisted of 126 students studying in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of Marmara University Atatürk Faculty of Education, Department of Fine Arts Education, Department of Music Education. The study was designed using a descriptive survey model, and the Western music theory and practice knowledge test and personal information form developed by the researchers were used as data collection tools. The data obtained were analyzed with the help of Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. According to the research results, the fact that the students studying in the Department of music education have taken only two semesters of Western music theory and practice courses shows that they are inadequate in musical hearing, reading and writing skills. In addition, variables such as the type of high school the students graduated from, their level of finding the duration of the course sufficient, and their musical hearing, reading and writing education before starting university revealed that there were significant differences between the total scores of the western music theory and practice course achievement test. This research is considered an important research that can contribute to the existing limited studies and develop a knowledge test to measure the knowledge of students studying in the Department of music education towards Western music theory and practice courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]