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Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the surface topography (Polished vs. Non-polished) and color stability of different provisional materials: 1) Bis-acryl Composite (System C&B - IvoclairVivadent); 2) Bis-acryl Composite (ProTemp IV - 3M ESPE); 3) Bis-acryl Composite (Success CD - Promedica); 4) Polymethyl Methacrylate (Trim II - Bosworth); and 5) Light-cure Polymethyl Methacrylate (UniFast TRAD - GC Europe) immersed in commonly used beverages. Material and Methods: The color change value of each specimen after immersion in different beverages i.e. 1) Coffee with artificial saliva; 2) Tea with artificial saliva; 3) Cola with artificial saliva; 4) Apple juice with artificial saliva; and 5) Saline with artificial saliva was measure using spectrophotometer with CIE LAB system before and after immersion at 2 days, 1, 2 weeks, and 1 month. Results: ProTemp IV was found to be the most color stabile material, followed by System C&B, Success CD, Trim II, and UniFast TRAD respectively. It was found that coffee had the most staining ability, followed by tea, cola, and apple juice. Conclusion: Bis-acryl composites showed the highest color stability values (ProTemp IV, System C&B, and Success CD), followed by Polymethyl Methacrylate (Trim II), then light cured polymethyl methacrylate (UniFast TRAD). Polishing decreases the color changing values of the provisional materials. Coffee had the most color changing effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The goal of this study was to highlight the diagnostic methods and approaches toward most devastating cardiac disorders which are cardiac arrhythmias, MI and hypertensive. Methods: We searched thorough electronic databases as, MEDLINE, EMBASE using the following terms individually and/or in combination: 'Cardiac arrhythmias', 'myocardial infarction (MI)', 'hypertension', 'ventricular arrhythmias' and 'diagnosis', to look for the most important and relevant articles concerning with the diagnostic approaches of hypertension, MI, and arrhythmias in general. Conclusion: Some ideal cardiac biochemical markers need to have not only high level of sensitivity but additionally high specificity to coronary infarction. The creatine kinase-MB, a reasonably certain cardiac marker, could be elevated in situations other than acute myocardial infarction. The ECG continues to be a cornerstone in the diagnosis of MI as well as need to be regularly duplicated, particularly if the first ECG is not analysis of MI. The diagnosing high blood pressure consist of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as well as self-home) BP surveillance (SBPM) as optional methods for determining hypertensive patients. None of the current standards have actually yet consisted of ABPM or SBPM as essential devices for detecting hypertension, preferring instead to depend on standard workplace analyses tape-recorded by mercury sphygmomanometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: IN our present review, the main goal was to determine the factors that influence the time of CT in diagnosis of SAH in emergency department, since the ED physicians are the first who are approaches to the patients, awareness and attitude of those physicians are very important for the benefit of SAH patients. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search using following databases; PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS of studies that involving data on the roles and time of CT in diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in ED patients with acute headache, published in English language up to 2017. Conclusion: CT within 6 hours might be considered enough to rule out SAH in the following circumstances: a neurologically regular patient, a thunderclap headache presentation, a clear time of beginning, and a modernday CT scan carried out within 6 hours of beginning read by a going to radiologist. Time from headache beginning to imaging is reasonably associated with favorable imaging for SAH. Postpone to health center presentation represent the biggest portion of time to imaging, especially those without SAH. These findings recommend restricted opportunity to minimize lumbar puncture rates merely by accelerating in-hospital processes when imaging hold-ups are under 2 hours, as diagnostic yield of imaging decreases beyond the 6-hour imaging window from headache beginning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: hypothyroidism is of concern in our society; it has an effect on metabolic parameters. Objective: this study aimed to predict the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with hypothyroidism in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and to determine the effect of treating hypothyroidism on MetS. Methods: we conducted this cross-sectional study, in which MetS was defined by presence of at least three of the five AHA/NHLBI criteria. We included patients with hypothyroidism that were managed in an outpatient department or admitted in King Abdulaziz University Hospital from 1 March to 30 April 2016. We measured lipid parameters, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC) and serum fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results: in total 57 patients were included in our study, of which 47 (82%) were females. the majority of patients were greater than 50 years of age (n=35, 60%). We found that 36.8% of patients uncontrolled for hypothyroidism had high levels of TSH (serum level of TSH >5 mlu/L) , while 64.9% of patients who were controlled for hypothyroidism had normal levels of TSH (serum level of TSH 0.5 - 5 mlu/L). Overall, 71.9% (n=41) of hypothyroidism patients had MetS. However, we found that 51.8% (n=21) uncontrolled hypothyroidism patients suffered from MetS and 48.2% (n= 20) patients controlled for hypothyroidism suffered from MetS. However, 70.68 %, 31.03%, 34.48%, 79.31% and 70.6% of participants had abnormal waist circumference (WC), hypertriglyceridemia, abnormal high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hypertension and elevated serum levels of fasting blood sugar, respectively Conclusion: hypothyroidism plays an important role in MetS. Future advanced studies including larger numbers of patients are needed to test the effect of treating hypothyroidism on MetS. Routine screening for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypothyroidism may unmask MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head and neck cancer includes epithelial malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), including the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx; and, as the sixth most common cancer worldwide, head and neck cancer represents about 6% of solid tumors. Advances in surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have improved locoregional control, survival, and quality of life. The outcomes of these treatment modalities have shifted the focus of curative efforts from radical ablation to preservation and restoration of function. This evolution has been documented in the pages of Cancer for the past 6 decades. The median age of diagnosis is in the sixth decade of life, and there is a large male-tofemale predominance. Although there has been a slight decrease in overall incidence of head and neck cancer over the past two decades, an increase in base of tongue and tonsillar cancer recently has been observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]