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Introduction: The main aim of root canal therapy is adequate sealing to prevent reinfection with subsequent periapical disease. The aim: The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of root canal filled teeth using three different sealers and three different restorative materials by bacterial penetration method during a 30-day period. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two single rooted teeth were prepared using Protaper Next. Obturation was done using single cone technique .The teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 24 samples according to the sealer used as following; group 1: Bioceramic sealer (BS), group 2: MTA fillapex (MTA) and group 3: Tagdseal sealer (TG). The samples then randomly subdivided into 3 groups of 8 samples according to the coronal restoration of the specimens as following; subgroup A: Composite (Tetric Ceram + Tetric N Bond), subgroup B: Compomer (Compoglass F + Adhese SE) and subgroup C:Glass Ionomer (Ketac N + Ketac primer).Therefore, there was 9 final groups; I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX.After setting time, the samples were incorporated in a bacterial leakage model, using E. faecalis. Leakage was evaluated by turbidity in lower chamber in 30-day period. Statistical analysis was done using One-wayANOVA test, and post hoc pairwise comparison was done using Tukey test. Results: The results showed that group I (BS - Composite) presented the lowest means of bacterial leakage after all periods of evaluation. On the other hand, the (MTA – Glass Ionomer) material showed the highest means of leakage. There was a significant difference between the means of the bacterial colonies recorded in the nine groups at one, 2 and 4 weeks; while at 3 weeks the difference was insignificant. Conclusion : Bioceramic sealer with composite restoration showed the least bacterial leakage.

Leptin is pro-inflammatory mediator associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The objective of the current study was to assess the levels of leptin in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Dental Teaching Hospital, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Forty-five individuals participated in this study: 25 with chronic periodontitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy controls. The patients were selected based on the criteria of American Academy of Periodontology using probing depths, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss and radiographs. GCF and serum samples were collected to estimate the leptin concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Serum leptin levels were markedly higher in chronic periodontitis patients than in the healthy group (P < 0.00001). Although GCF leptin levels of chronic periodontitis patients were higher than the healthy group but this difference was not statistically significant (P Value = 0.5198). In conclusion, these results indicate positive association between serum leptin concentrations and chronic periodontitis. However, there was no significant correlation between GCF leptin level and periodontitis. Further studies are required to confirm these finding.