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This research used Novakian concept mapping and interview techniques to track changes in knowledge and understanding amongst students and their supervisors in the course of full-time research towards a laboratory science-based PhD. This detailed longitudinal case study analysis measures both cognitive change in the specific subjects that are the topic for research, and the understanding of the process of PhD level research and supervision. The data show the challenges for students and supervisors from different national, ethnic, cultural, and academic backgrounds and traditions with a focus on how this impacts the PhD research process and development. Working cross-culturally, and often in a setting different from either the student or the supervisor's background and training, can lead to a lack of common language and understanding for the development of a pedagogically oriented supervisory relationship. Documenting change in knowledge and understanding among PhD students and their supervisors is key to surfacing what the joint processes of mutual democratic research and of supervision may entail. This study explores how one of these key processes is a student's developing sense of belonging (or non-belonging). Specifically, this paper engages the concepts of belonging, and democratic education through mutual learning, to explore the practices of working across national, cultural, ethnic, and diverse academic backgrounds, for both supervisors and students. Doctoral study is understood as a situated context in which belonging also acts as a gateway for who can join the global scientific community.

This document is a summary of a collection of papers published in the journal Education Sciences. The papers focus on active learning pedagogies in high school and undergraduate STEM education. The first theme of the collection explores the impact of active learning on students' attitudes towards STEM learning, including the development of scientific dispositions and intentions to pursue STEM careers. The second theme examines various active learning pedagogies, such as the use of online polling platforms to enhance student engagement and the integration of puzzle-based learning tasks in mathematics education. The papers highlight the importance of fostering higher-order thinking skills and student engagement in STEM education, but also acknowledge the challenges of implementing active learning approaches in different contexts. The authors suggest the need for further research to validate these innovative practices and explore interdisciplinary and intercultural teamwork in STEM education. [Extracted from the article]

The influx of immigrants has led to increased cultural and ethnic diversity in classrooms, presenting unique challenges for teachers who work with pupils with varying linguistic, social, and cultural backgrounds. This paper examines the impact of these challenges on the wellbeing of teachers who work with newly arrived immigrant pupils. It is argued that a lack of knowledge and skills in this area can be educationally, socially, and psychologically demanding for teachers, negatively affecting their wellbeing. Teachers' wellbeing can be influenced by two main factors: personal and internal factors such as perceptions and ideology and contextual and external factors such as workload, low student motivation, lack of support, conflict with colleagues, and role ambiguity. Despite the importance of teacher wellbeing, it has received less attention than pupils' wellbeing. Using an ethnographic study that collected data over a school year in two phases, this paper investigates the perceptions and self-constructed pedagogies of the teacher working with newly arrived immigrant pupils. Findings reveal that the teacher's emphasis on her wellbeing, as well as her pupils' wellbeing, emerged as the center of her self-constructed approaches. We posit that 'diversity-related teacher wellbeing' is crucial in wellbeing pedagogy, given that diversity is one of the main elements in reception classes. For the successful education of newly arrived immigrant pupils, the wellbeing of teachers who work with this group should be prioritized. This paper contributes to the field of wellbeing education by highlighting the importance of teacher wellbeing as a part of wellbeing pedagogy for newcomer pupils. Improving teacher wellbeing may have a positive effect on the wellbeing of newly arrived immigrant pupils, creating a win-win situation. The paper concludes with suggestions for professional support and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a project to build linguistic awareness among science educators at multiple levels: pre-service K–12 teachers, in-service K–12 teachers, and university faculty in both education and STEM fields. Educational linguists from a language-focused non-profit research organization created modules on teaching culturally and linguistically diverse students for a Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT) program for middle school science educators at a large urban U.S. university. The module content, which was integrated into three science education methods courses, was designed around three key principles: linguistic understanding, critical language awareness, and pedagogical modeling. A critical component to the project's success was fostering "buy-in" from the various groups of educators through multiple means, including piloting materials with in-service science teachers, training university faculty on the language and literacy materials, and revising content based on feedback from the MAT program faculty and students. The findings demonstrate that over time, the educators re-examined their roles as teachers of language and literacy and reassessed their thinking related to science instruction, highlighting the efficacy of incorporating language development content into training and professional development for STEM educators at multiple levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Abroad programs yield substantial linguistic advantages in addition to fostering academic and intercultural enrichment. Nevertheless, some students miss these programs due to financial constraints, academic commitments, or insufficient language skills. This paper reports the findings of a qualitative action research study that seeks to evaluate the impact of a multilingual and multicultural class, designed as a quasi-Study Abroad experience, on Hungarian medical students' perceived English linguistic development by the end of the semester. Semi-structured focus group interviews were carried out with 42 Hungarian medical students at the end of the spring and autumn semesters of the 2021–2022 and the 2022–2023 academic years. The outcomes of the focus-group interviews indicated that the students had a positive experience studying in a multilingual and multicultural environment; their willingness to engage in English communication, along with an increase in self-confidence, was apparent, ultimately showcasing improved perceived proficiency in English communication skills by the end of the term. Creating an educational setting abundant in linguistic and cultural diversity and integrating multicultural project-based learning activities within the curriculum to simulate a quasi-Study Abroad experience represent methodological frameworks that could serve as pivotal models for shaping similar courses in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a nationwide effort to increase the representation and engagement of minoritized students in computer science education. Discourse about the barriers to diversity among computer science majors is often characterized by student pathologies and does not consider the impacts of classroom culture and instructor pedagogies. Amid the push for strategies to recruit and retain minoritized students in computer science, little has been done to transform curriculum and analyze faculty perspectives on curriculum and pedagogy as methods to increase students' access to the computer science major. This paper presents an example of curriculum redesign for an undergraduate introductory computer science course (ICS) that sought to address issues of inequitable representation by centering student identities and redistributing power in favor of students. The authors draw upon critical sociocultural and the 4Es heuristic for disciplinary literacy to reimagine the ICS course as a space that centers on the important roles of identity and power in solving for diversity in computer science education. We highlight for researchers and practitioners how our work may be used to disrupt meritocratic practices that alienate minoritized and economically disadvantaged students and to expand definitions of mastery and expertise in computer science education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the fall of 2022, we offered a pedagogically redesigned sociotechnical environmental engineering elective for junior and senior undergraduates that applied place-based and culturally sustaining pedagogies. The course featured a project designed to facilitate the celebration and leveraging of classroom geographic and cultural diversity to enhance student learning about water sustainability. We analyzed the students' written project reflections using an inductive thematic analysis to explore whether and how the project and pedagogical model augmented student learning. The primary themes that emerged included: (1) deepened knowledge of home and culture; (2) global conceptualizations; (3) re-evaluation of perceptions and beliefs (in terms of water sustainability and personal relationships with water); and (4) future-facing viewpoints. We consider each of these 'enhancements' to the student learning because they extend beyond the course objectives and explore the sociotechnical aspect of engineering. The purpose of this paper is to share the course and project model, our findings from its implementation, and suggestions on how this pedagogical framework could be adapted and scaled to expand the learning of a range of topics at different learner levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural schools, especially Christian-named government schools situated in Muslim-dominated states in Nigeria, have experienced spates of violence, and this has caused a loss of lives and property. This paper examines the perceptions of parents and teachers on the presence of hijabs in Christian-named government secondary schools in Nigeria. The paper uses a qualitative method to investigate how stakeholders perceive the hijab crisis and its implications for religious crises and the academic performance of learners in Nigerian secondary schools. A case study design was adopted for the study. The data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that a majority of the respondents were opposed to students wearing hijabs in Christian-named government schools. Furthermore, respondents argued that the hijab crisis has implications for religious crises and could lead to increased tensions and violence in schools. Consequently, the paper concludes that stakeholders must be engaged to address the hijab crisis and to ensure the safety of learners and teachers. Strategies are also suggested for preventing and mitigating religious crises in Nigerian secondary schools. It is recommended that the government create policies that support cultural and religious diversity and provide resources for stakeholders to engage in productive dialogue. This paper provides useful insights into the perceptions of stakeholders on the presence of hijabs in Christian-named government schools in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's society, high-quality educational contexts must include intercultural education and educational inclusion as main elements of school culture. Equity, social justice, and equal opportunities for everybody require the construction of flexible processes, relationships, and organizational structures open to diversity. This paper presents an updated review of studies focusing on models of educational responses adapted to cultural diversity. It analyzes the response of schools as collaborative communities in intercultural education and their reality as inclusive and intercultural communities. An exhaustive search of documents was carried out, consulting the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Dialnet databases. After analyzing and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 documents were identified that showed the structural, cultural, and relational transformation of educational centers and the improvement of their organizational and public response and adaptation to current needs. The challenge of building intercultural educational contexts is a concern for schools and the educational agents who coexist in them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the relevance of religion for adolescents in the realm of peer relationships, both within and outside of educational institutions. The sample consisted of 385 young individuals attending different Secondary Education institutions located in a Spanish province characterized by its cultural diversity. The tool used to collect the information was the REDCo questionnaire. The results of the data analysis indicate that young people confer a certain relevance to religion on an internal and personal level, and that they attribute a historical value to it as a discipline. They also relate the versatility of religion to changing processes regarding beliefs and belonging to a religious community. Therefore, dialogue becomes the key tool for social cohesion in multicultural societies beyond mere tolerance, creating spaces for mutual transformation and generating a symmetrical relationship between the "Self" and the "Other". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing diversity in society caused by migration processes, the heterogeneity of classrooms in educational institutions is increasing. Teachers face new challenges related to cultural diversity in a multicultural classroom. This is more common in societies with a diverse population and in societies where newcomers regularly enter schools. In order to facilitate the inclusion of newcomer children in the education system, more analysis of teachers' intercultural competence is needed. Intercultural competence is the teacher's ability to understand, adapt to and work effectively in different cultural and linguistic contexts in the pupils' environment. This competence includes the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to work successfully in a multicultural and multilingual classroom. The intercultural competence of a teacher is essential to create a positive and effective learning environment in which all pupils can learn and develop better, regardless of their cultural or linguistic background. Experience gained in working with newcomers is an important factor influencing teachers' self-assessment of their knowledge, skills and attitudes, and the results show that respondents with such experience rate their knowledge, skills and attitudes higher than respondents without such experience, while age, work experience, level of education and workplace do not show statistically significant differences for the parameters analyzed. The aim of this study is to analyze the structure of the intercultural competence of teachers and its pedagogical potential and characteristics for the activities of teachers in a multicultural educational environment in the context of migration processes, and to assess the readiness of teachers for the inclusion of newcomer children in the Latvian education system. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, survey of teachers, data processing in SPSS 22.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Service learning, an educational methodology that intertwines community service with academic instruction, is garnering growing recognition within higher education due to its potential to enrich both research and outreach efforts. By integrating service learning into the curriculum, higher education institutions (HEIs) can bridge the gap between research and praxis, effectively bringing research findings to local communities and influencing on-the-ground practices. While the benefits of service learning have been widely acknowledged in the literature, there remains a lack of understanding on how service learning can be integrated into teacher education programmes to support linguistic and cultural diversity at schools. Additionally, there is limited insight into how institutions engaged in social action perceive their collaboration with HEIs, particularly in the context of teacher education. In this contribution, we address these gaps, by presenting the results of a multimethod and multisite research study that aimed to explore the perspectives of social action initiatives on the potential collaboration with HEIs to promote (language) teacher education focused on linguistically and culturally responsive practices. The results point to a great heterogeneity of social action projects and expectations on the part of the institutions regarding collaboration with HEIs. Despite this diversity, common principles of collaboration emerge from the data. These principles lay the foundations for a framework that may shape collaborative efforts between HEIs and social action initiatives in the field of pre-service (language) teacher education with the goal of promoting pedagogies that respect and leverage linguistic and cultural diversity in multilingual settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides an introduction to culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP) and critical race theory (CRT) in education research. CRP focuses on challenging institutional structures and cultural practices to promote student achievement and well-being by incorporating and valuing students' cultural strengths. CRT examines how race and racism are embedded in social structures and institutions, aiming to understand and challenge systemic racism and racial inequalities. The document also includes summaries of articles that explore the concepts of culturally responsive pedagogy and culturally sustaining pedagogy in education. These articles emphasize the importance of incorporating diverse perspectives and experiences into the curriculum and teaching practices to promote equity and social justice. They also discuss the barriers faced by students of color in traditional educational settings and propose strategies to address these challenges. The articles draw on theories such as critical race theory, raciolinguistics, and sociocultural theory to inform their analysis. Overall, the articles highlight the need for culturally relevant teaching methods and inclusive classrooms that value students' diverse backgrounds and identities. [Extracted from the article]

This study addresses potential conflicts during collaborative tasks among university undergraduate students and presents strategies to mitigate such conflicts at a university in South Africa. Drawing on the unique context of South Africa, characterised by its rich cultural diversity and historical challenges, Social Identity Theory (SIT) was used to theorise the study within a transformative paradigm, qualitative approach and participatory research design. Ten undergraduate students were sampled and interviewed. Thematic analysis was employed to make sense of the data. The study found that a lack of a culture of open dialogue and clear guidelines and expectations leads to conflict, and the study also found that promoting a culture of open dialogue and establishing clear guidelines and expectations during collaborative projects can help prevent potential conflicts among university undergraduate students during collaborative engagement. The study concludes that promoting a culture of open dialogue and fostering establishing clear guidelines and expectations provide undergraduate students with the tools to manage group conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the results of an analysis of teaching practices within the Master's Programme in Teacher Training and Development, a collaborative Master's coordinated by the University of Salamanca (Spain) for the Ecuadorian Teacher's professional development. The objective is to reflect upon and analyse the Practicum processes from the multicultural model based on cultural pluralism complemented with a socio-critical approach, paying special attention to the dimensions of cultural and educational diversity framed in cooperative processes. In addition to documentary analysis, two Delphi studies were conducted, one involving administrators of educational centres hosting student teachers, and the other involving personnel responsible for Practicum management. The findings emphasise the importance of cooperative and collaborative processes involving all professionals from both countries, for binational teaching practices to respond constructively to the educational challenges of cultural diversity arising from globalization. The evidence of the elements from the cultural pluralism model provides an excellent reference point for this. The educational challenges of diverse and multicultural societies require responses from a socio-critical approach that analyses reality from broad perspectives such as cultural pluralism that permeates educational interventions, including teaching practices. This is a multidimensional process that requires continuous communication and cooperation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural diversity in schools takes on various forms, including social class, ethnicity, religion and nationality, among other factors that constitute students' identity, influencing their learning. Therefore, one of the biggest challenges that educational systems face internationally is the effective inclusion of all children and young people in schools. For this process to be successful, the roles played by teachers are essential. Thus, our main objective with this systematic literature review is to expand knowledge and awareness of cultural diversity issues to promote the inclusion of learners from primary to secondary education in Europe. To achieve this, we will highlight teachers' perceptions of students' cultural diversity and identify a range of strategies and practices that can contribute to the development of their professional learning. The search was conducted in two databases, Scopus and the Web of Science, and focused on articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of the 3976 identified articles, 41 were included in this study. The findings suggest that teachers consider diversity to be a challenge despite the existence of a favorable view toward students' cultural diversity. A set of solutions is given for the development of inclusion processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to provide a comprehensive analysis of the strategies implemented by Portuguese higher education institutions in addressing cultural diversity and meeting the demands of international students, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. In methodological terms, this is a qualitative study in which more than 40 in-depth interviews were conducted with degree mobility students from Brazil, Portuguese-speaking African Countries, China and Syria, who were already in Portugal when the pandemic was declared in the country in March 2020. Through the lens of multiculturalism, which understands that higher education should be inclusive and equal for all, we found that higher education institutions in Portugal did not provide adequate support to its international student body at a time of so many challenges and uncertainties. Our data indicate that higher education institutions in Portugal need to make more efforts towards fostering a diverse and inclusive environment, whilst taking into account the complex needs of international students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study follows the line of different authors who examined the visibility of ethnic diversity in children's television series and the psychoeducational implications of these media narratives for children. Specifically, this work analyses the behaviours/actions developed by the model characters of cultural diversity and how these characters promote a perspective on diversity that conditions children. Employing a qualitative methodology, we use content analysis and critical discourse analysis as tools to be able to read, describe and interpret said content. The results highlight that these children's programmes present a culture that reinforces certain values and behaviours. Likewise, the TV programmes analysed present stories marked by models of cultural diversity that contribute to the maintenance of certain social structures and the normalisation of inequality. We believe that educational institutions, through media education, should go deeper and teach students to look critically, deciphering codes of the audiovisual language present in the elements of children's stories. In the complex society of the 21st century, we must consider that the needs of children change depending on how their identity intersects with aspects such as ethnicity, class, gender, etc., in order to equip them with the appropriate tools to deal with these problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields have remained stagnant in increasing diversity. An important factor in increasing diversity is building and supporting diverse cohorts of future STEM professionals in our classrooms. A strong sense of belonging in STEM has been demonstrated to increase persistence of women, underrepresented minorities, and first-generation college students in STEM or the college atmosphere. Therefore, it is important that STEM faculty develop inclusive teaching strategies to increase and support this sense of belonging in STEM for all students. This work evaluates a faculty-developed assignment implemented in Fall 2020 at a liberal arts college on a student's sense of belonging in STEM. The results demonstrated that this semester-long project increased students' sense of belonging in STEM. Current literature about any faculty-developed assignments focused on supporting a student's sense of belonging and awareness of diversity in STEM implemented in chemistry courses is limited. This work represents a new approach grounded in inclusive pedagogy that can be utilized in addition to other institutional and departmental support structures to increase diversity and equity in STEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Howell's article [[3]] presents an autoethnographic case study on Interprofessional Education and the pedagogical practice youth workers bring to Higher Education. They present social pedagogical concepts whereby informal educators can "practice the practice" through a transcendence of pedagogy. As Youth and Community Work courses in Higher Education dwindle across the UK, following years of austerity and cuts to Youth Services, the diverse pedagogies of informal education are more needed than ever. [Extracted from the article]

Hammer claims that the IDI has been validated for BIPOC in the US, but after careful re-examination of the data we presented, we reiterate that there is no evidence of this validation. The studies provided by Hammer reveal how the development of the IDI instrument and its validation focused on international cultural experiences not on cultural diversity within the US. There was no validity testing done on a racially diverse sample of U.S. Americans, and our qualitative data questions the validity for BIPOC individuals from the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]