1. The effect of food on the acute toxicity of silver nitrate to four freshwater test species and acute-to-chronic ratios
- Author
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Rami B. Naddy, Gina R. McNerney, Russell A. Bell, James R. Kramer, Joseph W. Gorsuch, Kuen B. Wu, and Paul R. Paquin
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Daphnia magna ,Cyprinidae ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Toxicology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Toxicity Tests, Acute ,Ecotoxicology ,Animals ,Toxicity Tests, Chronic ,biology ,Fishes ,Ceriodaphnia dubia ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Cladocera ,Acute toxicity ,Silver nitrate ,chemistry ,Daphnia ,Oncorhynchus mykiss ,Toxicity ,Silver Nitrate ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Pimephales promelas ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Acute silver toxicity studies were conducted with and without food for four common freshwater test species: Daphnia magna, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow-FHM), and Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout-RBT) in order to generate acute-to-chronic ratios (ACR). The studies were conducted similarly (i.e., static-renewal or flow-through) to chronic/early-life stage studies that were previously performed in this laboratory. The acute toxicity (EC/LC50 values) of silver without food ranged from 0.57 μg dissolved Ag/l for C.dubia to 9.15 μg dissolved Ag/l for RBT. The presence of food resulted in an increase in EC/LC50 values from 1.25× for RBT to 22.4× for C. dubia. Invertebrate food type was also shown to effect acute silver toxicity. Food did not affect EC/LC50s or ACRs as greatly in fish studies as in invertebrate studies. ACRs for both invertebrate species were
- Published
- 2011