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In this paper we have worked on a number of documents and articles published to find a relationship between patents and the economic growth of countries. We have found that patents and their applications are important for economic growth. The patent is not always a global indicator of all the technological knowledge produced, since a considerable number of technological know-how remains in the form of business secrets or sometimes the technology is published in scientific articles. The patent can be an economic policy instrument to encourage investment in research and development. More patents lead to more innovations and vice versa. The patent is a vector of economic growth through the promotion of innovation.