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Start Over Author "UR EMGR" Journal ecology letters
3 results on '"UR EMGR"'

1. Demographic controls of aboveground forest biomass across North America

Author

Hongcheng Zeng, Jeremy W. Lichstein, Georges Kunstler, Mark C. Vanderwel, John P. Caspersen, UNIVERSITY OF REGINA CAN, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO CAN, Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, Forests, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), Time, Trees, Ecosystem, Biomass, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Biomass (ecology), biology, Ecology, Mortality rate, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Productivity (ecology), North America, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Tree species, Abies balsamea
Abstract

International audience; Ecologists have limited understanding of how geographic variation in forest carbon arises from differences in growth and mortality at continental to global scales. Using forest inventory data from across North America, we partitioned continental-scale variation in biomass growth and mortality rates of 49 tree species groups into (1) species-independent spatial effects and (2) inherent differences in demographic performance among species groups. 82% and 51% of the respective variation in growth and mortality was explained by spatial factors that were independent of species-group composition. Moderate additional variation in mortality (26%) was related to species-group turnover across the continent. Biomass accumulation models showed that variation in forest biomass can be explained primarily by spatial gradients in growth that were unrelated to species-group composition. Species-dependent patterns of mortality explained additional variation in biomass, with forests supporting less biomass when dominated by species groups that are highly susceptible to competition or to biotic disturbances.

Published
2016
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2. Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality.

Author

van der Plas F, Ratcliffe S, Ruiz-Benito P, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Verheyen K, Wirth C, Zavala MA, Ampoorter E, Baeten L, Barbaro L, Bastias CC, Bauhus J, Benavides R, Benneter A, Bonal D, Bouriaud O, Bruelheide H, Bussotti F, Carnol M, Castagneyrol B, Charbonnier Y, Cornelissen JHC, Dahlgren J, Checko E, Coppi A, Dawud SM, Deconchat M, De Smedt P, De Wandeler H, Domisch T, Finér L, Fotelli M, Gessler A, Granier A, Grossiord C, Guyot V, Haase J, Hättenschwiler S, Jactel H, Jaroszewicz B, Joly FX, Jucker T, Kambach S, Kaendler G, Kattge J, Koricheva J, Kunstler G, Lehtonen A, Liebergesell M, Manning P, Milligan H, Müller S, Muys B, Nguyen D, Nock C, Ohse B, Paquette A, Peñuelas J, Pollastrini M, Radoglou K, Raulund-Rasmussen K, Roger F, Seidl R, Selvi F, Stenlid J, Valladares F, van Keer J, Vesterdal L, Fischer M, Gamfeldt L, and Allan E

Subjects
Climate, Europe, Humans, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Forests
Abstract

Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade-offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation/recreation. We found that trade-offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for 'win-win' forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8-49.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests., (© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.)

Published
2018
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3. Competitive interactions between forest trees are driven by species' trait hierarchy, not phylogenetic or functional similarity: implications for forest community assembly.

Author

Kunstler G, Lavergne S, Courbaud B, Thuiller W, Vieilledent G, Zimmermann NE, Kattge J, and Coomes DA

Subjects
Ecosystem, France, Population Dynamics, Trees growth & development, Phylogeny, Trees classification
Abstract

The relative importance of competition vs. environmental filtering in the assembly of communities is commonly inferred from their functional and phylogenetic structure, on the grounds that similar species compete most strongly for resources and are therefore less likely to coexist locally. This approach ignores the possibility that competitive effects can be determined by relative positions of species on a hierarchy of competitive ability. Using growth data, we estimated 275 interaction coefficients between tree species in the French mountains. We show that interaction strengths are mainly driven by trait hierarchy and not by functional or phylogenetic similarity. On the basis of this result, we thus propose that functional and phylogenetic convergence in local tree community might be due to competition-sorting species with different competitive abilities and not only environmental filtering as commonly assumed. We then show a functional and phylogenetic convergence of forest structure with increasing plot age, which supports this view., (© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS.)

Published
2012
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