Search

The results reported here represent the first stage in the development of a full-featured laboratory system aimed at studying machine learning algorithms. The relevance of the current work is predetermined by the lack of network small-size mobile robots and appropriate control software that would make it possible to conduct field experiments in real time. This paper reports the selection of network data transmission technology for managing mobile robots in real time. Based on the chosen data transmission protocol, a complete stack of technologies of the network model of a multi-agent system of mobile robots has been proposed. This has made it possible to build a network model of the system that visualizes and investigates machine learning algorithms. In accordance with the requirements set by the OSI network model for constructing such systems, the model includes the following levels: 1) the lower level of data collection and controlling elements – mobile robots; 2) the top level of the model includes a user interface server and a business logic support server. Based on the built diagram of the protocol stack and the network model, the software and hardware implementation of the obtained results has been carried out. This paper employed the JavaScript library React with a SPA technology (Single Page Application), a Virtual DOM technology (Document Object Model), stored in the device’s RAM and synchronized with the actual DOM. That has made it possible to simplify the process of control over the clients and reduce network traffic. The model provides the opportunity to: 1) manage the prototypes of robot clients in real time; 2) reduce the use of network traffic, compared to other data transmission technologies; 3) reduce the load on the CPU processors of robots and servers; 4) virtually simulate an experiment; 5) investigate the implementation of machine learning algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of the study of the developed scheme of the selector of significantly different pressures, based on combining flow and pressure dividing valves with flow summarizing valve, allowing a proportional increase of all interthrottle pressures of the scheme are presented in the paper. The mathematical models that provide a choice of optimal parameters of the scheme elements and the study of the effect of the influence factors on the operation quality of the throttle selector scheme are obtained. These models are a system of n nonlinear algebraic equations that can be solved by known numerical methods. Using pressure reproduction tools, based on the developed scheme is especially relevant for gas-dynamic synthesizers of mixtures with a given composition with microconcentrations of components. Due to providing a linear change of interthrottle pressures in the scheme and applying gas-dynamic synthesizer of linear metering capillaries in the mixer, there is the prospect of obtaining complex multicomponent mixtures with microconcentrations of components with higher concentration maintaining accuracy than in the known tools for the continuous preparation of mixtures with given composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of the approaches to solving the problem of operational control of the hydraulic system parameters was performed in the paper. The paper describes a method of providing uniform motion of the output link of the hydraulic motor by setting the adjustable throttle on the discharge manifold of the hydraulic system. Throttle generates pressure pulsations in the discharge chamber, which compensate sharp pressure increase in the pressure chamber of the hydraulic motor. Throttle parameters, providing a constant speed of the output link are calculated. Based on the calculation results, the design of an adjustable throttle with a rotating spool is developed. The description and operation principle of the designed adjustable throttle, the scheme of its inclusion in the hydraulic network are given. The developed test bench of the throttle and its operation principle are described. The paper presents the results of functional tests of the designed adjustable throttle. The results of theoretical and empirical research, based on which it was concluded on a fundamental confirmation of the proposed method of pulsation dampening in the hydraulic system are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports a study into the influence of sodium carbonate concentration (10, 30, and 50 kg/m3) in the simultaneous presence of sodium thiosulfate (250 kg/m³) and quinhydrone (5 kg/m³) on the coefficient of the phase distribution of hydrogen sulfide in a quinhydrone absorbing solution. The research was carried out at the laboratory installation using chemical analysis methods of liquid and gas phases. It has been found that the coefficient of phase distribution increases dramatically with an increase in the degree of saturation of the quinhydrone solution with hydrogen sulfide. At the same time, in the presence of sodium thiosulfate in quinhydrone absorbing solutions, the coefficient of phase distribution increases compared to carbonate solutions of the same concentration. Thus, the partial hydrogen sulfide pressure over a quinhydrone solution at low degrees of hydrogen sulfide saturation (up to 3 %) is 5...10 times larger than that over soda solution, while at high degrees (60...80 %) it is almost the same. It can be argued that at the high concentrations of sodium carbonate and the degree of the saturation of quinhydrone solution with hydrogen sulfide the effect of sodium thiosulfate on the partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide decreases. An equation of the effect exerted by the NaНS concentration and the starting Na2CO3 concentration on the H2S partial pressure over quinhydrone solutions has been proposed. Based on the experimental studies’ results, the equilibrium constant values for a hydrogen sulfide chemisorption reaction involving a quinhydrone solution have been calculated. To ensure the high absorption capacity, the process of hydrogen sulfide chemisorption should be carried out using solutions with a maximum concentration of sodium carbonate, 40...50 kg/m3. The presence of ballast components (Na2S2O3, NaHCO3) slightly reduces the sorption capacity of an absorbing solution. The results obtained could be used in engineering calculations and when developing technology for purification of fuel gases from hydrogen sulfide by a quinhydrone method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with experimental methods for studying the biological properties of water. The existing problems of theoretical and experimental study of the anomalous water properties that are not consistent with the known theoretical models were considered. The crucial importance of water structure features for normal functioning of living organisms was shown. Since the standard classical methods of physical-chemical analysis do not provide the possibility of implementing experimental evaluation of specific biological properties of water, a method for registering images of the gas discharge flow of liquid-phase objects in an electromagnetic field with the subsequent software image processing based on cluster analysis was proposed as an alternative. The following tasks were set and solved in the paper: allocation of patterns in gas discharge water glow images, digital processing of image samples, construction of image classification methods and algorithms. Bezdek-Dunn algorithm (Fuzzy ISODATA algorithm, FCM algorithm) was used for the fuzzy image clustering. The effectiveness of the proposed research method was tested on real data samples for waste and natural water samples. The characteristic features of the gas discharge glow of natural water as the coherent material, which provides a significant response to an external impact in the form of an electromagnetic field were determined. The obtained results of the extraction of specific parameters from the structural features of the gas discharge glow images show the effectiveness of algorithms for fuzzy clustering of water samples with different biological properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the temperature field of power semiconductor devices, operating in semiconductor apparatuses, either non-contact or hybrid was carried out in the paper. It was also shown that the main mode of the current load of power semiconductor devices, operating in semiconductor apparatuses is a pulse mode. Analytical method for calculating the values of the temperature rise in the structure of power semiconductor devices when subjected to a current pulse of arbitrary shape based on a model that adequately reflects the design of semiconductor devices was used during the studies. To calculate the thermal mode of power semiconductor devices, a technique, based on using the simplified thermal models, where the solder layers are taken into account due to expansion of thermal-resistance equivalent tungsten layers is also used. However, unlike it, the method, proposed in the paper provides a higher accuracy in calculating the temperature rise in the structure of power semiconductor devices since all layers of these devices are taken into account. Also, calculation by this method takes into account the dependence of physical properties of materials of the thyristor components on the change in their temperature. Solving the system of heat conduction equations, set up for the model that adequately reflects the thyristor design, was performed by finite difference method using the implicit scheme. When calculating the transient thermal resistance using the real model for different types of thyristors, difference in its value reaches 5-16 % compared with the calculation using the simplified models. Thus, calculation of the temperature rise in the structure of power semiconductor devices is appropriate to carry out using the proposed method based on a model that adequately reflects the design of these devices. The described calculation method can be used for the rational choice of a power semiconductor device as a basic element of hybrid and non-contact semiconductor apparatuses in systems of their computer-aided design. The paper presents examples of calculating the thermal mode of semiconductor devices for the most common types of semiconductor apparatuses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In modern technology, there are more and more cases of action of impact loads on work items of buildings, machines and constructions, therefore, the strength calculations of these items under the dynamic effects become important. To solve the problems, arising from the dynamic effects, it is necessary to use the continuum mechanics methods and, in particular in many cases, the methods of the dynamic theory of elasticity. Analytical studies allow to find the exact problem solutions, which is very important, because the exact solutions allow to estimate the main features of the solution in general - the nature and the extent of influence of various set parameters on it. On the other hand, exact solutions are always reference and needed, in particular, for developing numerical methods for more complex cases. This work is a continuation of the works of N. Rassoulova, G. Shamilova, dedicated to studying the propagation of unsteady waves in the prisms of rectangular cross section. Approach to solving this problem differs markedly from all previous issues of the dynamics of rectangular prisms, which mainly investigated their dispersion characteristics. This paper deals with studying the process of propagation of unsteady waves in semi-infinite rectangular bars, exposed to impact shear forces on the face platform. System of exact threedimensional motion equations of an isotropic elastic body is used. Applying a peculiar integration method, previously developed by the authors of this paper, exact analytic solutions to the posed problem for the final time value are found. The results can be implemented in the production in designing special constructions, where there are impulsive effects on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When implementing variational methods for solving complex contact problems, there are difficulties, associated with non-convexity of minimized energy function of the system of interacting bodies and non-differentiability of this function at the desired point of its minimum. These difficulties do not allow to use gradient methods and convex analysis methods to minimize the energy function, therefore, numerical procedures for finding minimum points of such functions are cumbersome in program implementation and sometimes make it impossible to obtain the contact problem solution with sufficient accuracy. Non-variational method, based on using nonlinear operator equations with no difficulties during its implementation is proposed in the paper. Applying these equations allows to use modern achievements of nonlinear functional analysis, fixed-point theory of continuous mappings, theory of iterative methods for solving operator equations for both proving theorems of existence of solutions to contact problems, and developing effective iterative procedures for approximate solutions. Nonlinear boundary integral equations, used in this paper to simulate the contact interaction of elastic bodies, allow (unlike other similar equations) to take into account both the linkage and partial slip on the contact surface of bodies, and loading history of these bodies. Based on these equations, simple and efficient iterative procedures for approximate solutions to the contact problems are developed. A numerical solution of the contact problem on indenting the elastic sphere in the elastic half-space is obtained, and comparison of results with the known problem solution is made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the ways of improving homogeneous catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane is the use of additives to industrial catalysts based on metals of variable valency. The analysis of literature sources has shown that alcohols that are formed in the process of oxidation and are able to form intermediate complexes with a catalyst have a significant impact. The effect of C2-C5 alcohol additives on the process of homogeneous catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane was studied in the paper. In the paper, the oxidation indices using binary catalytic systems of cobalt naphthenate - alcohol are given. The qualitative and quantitative effect of additives of monohydric and polyhydric alcohols on the process was defined, and their effects were compared. The dependences of the reaction rate on the nature of additives and the ratio between the components were determined. The optimal binary catalytic systems for the liquid-phase homogeneous catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane were selected, the use of which will allow improving the technical and economic production indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vast majority of modern machine parts operate under cyclic loads, leading to, as a rule, failure, caused by the material fatigue. In this regard, the fatigue resistance of materials is one of the most important criteria for evaluating the structural strength of many parts of engineering structures. It is important that the process of exhaustion of cyclic life of metals, even at uniform stress state proceeds not uniformly in terms of volume of metal, but is initiated and develops more intensively in its surface layer. Under non-uniform stress state, role of the surface increases in connection with the presence of stress gradient. That's why, the most profound and systematic summarization of works, carried out in this direction, is aimed at performing a comprehensive analysis of changes in the properties of the surface layer of materials under active loading. However, investigated patterns of the surface microhardness change in the process of fatigue are usually qualitative and informative in nature. However, it should be noted that it is relevant to conduct studies, intended for obtaining quantitative estimates of the mentioned laws in order to develop fatigue failure criteria as a basis for improving calculation methods. This, in turn, requires developing a methodology for studying the surface layer behavior features and selecting the appropriate instrumental methods and tools. Analysis of a priori information indicates the need to investigate the microhardness, taking into account formation laws of the hardened surface layer, using different technological modes of surface treatment of metallic materials. In the present paper, the microhardness measuring method, characterized by a fairly high level of reproducibility of the obtained results and their experimentally justified correlation with the mechanical properties of the material is used. The developed method allows to determine the parameters of realized and residual life of the material. Thus, the research results, presented in the paper are of both scientific and practical interest. The authors have proposed the microhardness measuring methodology, characterized by a high level of reproducibility of the obtained results, which allows to determine the parameters of realized and the residual life of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the alternative possibility of obtaining saltforming nitrogen oxides by photochemical oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen using sources of incoherent radiation. It is shown that nitrogen dioxide, which is capable of twophoton absorption, in the process of which its photolysis is realized with the formation of singlet oxygen atom of O (1D) configuration and NO, can act as an oxidant. The latter, being oxidized, turns into NO2, and thus, the initial reagent is not lost in the system. In large-scale productions, it is rather difficult to carry out coherent (laser) radiation of reagents, therefore, the influence of incoherent irradiation on a product yield is studied in the paper, and mercury lamps with different radiation spectra were selected as sources. It was experimentally established and theoretically proved that maximum additional amount of NO is formed when using lamps DRT-125 with the operating range of wave lengths of 230-445,3 nm. The research results can be used in the chemical industry, namely in production of nitric acid for the transition to a non-catalytic ammonia-free method of obtaining NO, and in the production of adipic acid to reduce the consumption index on nitric acid, where flue gases contain molecular nitrogen, nitrous oxide and oxygen. Besides the economic aspect, the ecological aspect - reduction of greenhouse nitric (I) oxide emissions is observed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The developed technology of treatment of wastewater of malt factory from phosphates in the system of anaerobic-aerobic bioreactors with simultaneous biohydrogen production in bioelectrochemical system is given in the paper. The biotechnological scheme contains the wastewater treatment blocks for the reduction of concentration of suspended substances, COD (chemical oxygen demand), phosphates and other environmental pollutants, and also the bioelectrochemical system of biohydrogen production. The biotechnology, developed and approved in actual production conditions, provides high efficiency of wastewater treatment of malt factory from organic pollutants according to COD - 94-95 % at the values of COD indicator at the input up to 2000 mg/dm3, from phosphates up to 90 % at the initial concentration of 25 mg/dm3. The application of bioelectrochemical method of hydrogen synthesis allows obtaining biogas consisting of 70 % of molecular hydrogen, and also provides the removal of organic pollution from wastewaters with the efficiency up to 98 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of enhancing the performance properties of petroleum, oil and lubricants (POL) using indifferent gas by an environmentally safe method is considered in the paper. The main purpose of the research was the improvement of the method of drying POL by indifferent gas, which lied in using exhaust gases of the truck tractor instead of the generator of indifferent gases, which are pre-purified from CO2 in the exhaust gas purification catalysts, which are also proposed to add to the circuit diagram. The improved scheme of drying petroleum, oil and lubricants by indifferent gas allows solving such problems as dehydration of POL, saving physicochemical and performance properties of POL, reduction of losses of oil products from vaporization, improvement of fire safety during the transportation of POL. The improved scheme, proposed in the paper, meets modern requirements for oil products purification systems, technical and environmental requirements, has low net cost of equipment. The research results can be applied in the operation of mobile equipment for storage and refuelling of POL and hydraulic fluids, as well as in the field of ecology and environmental protection. The research results can be applied by chemmotology experts, experts in the field of operation of equipment for refuelling and storage of POL, as well as ecologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology of forming wear-resistant composite electrolytic coatings on the nickel base is given in the paper. The CEC contained the filler of powders of silicon carbide of various factions: nanopowders of up to 50 nm, 5 (M5) μm, 20/28 μm, 40/50 μm and amorphous boron with the size of particles of about 1 μm to form solid solutions during further heat treatment. Accordingly, the following designations are accepted in the paper: Ni-SiCnano; Ni-SiC5; Ni-SiC28; Ni-SiC50. The setting to form the CEC was built which allows adjusting the resistance of the near-electrode layer of electrolyte, which in turn, allows forming the CEC in a wide range of technological parameters of electrolysis both on horizontal and vertical cathodes (Patent of Ukraine №55154 from 10.12.2010.). The study of cavitation-erosion wear resistance in hard water and in 3 % solution of NaCl showed that the CEC formed can be divided into 2 groups: group I - CEC of the composition Ni-SiCnano and Ni-SiC5 and group II - CEC of Ni-SiC28, Ni -SiC50. Thus, the CEC of Ni-SiCnano and Ni-SiC5 (group I) are the most effective to enhance cavitation-erosion wear resistance of parts which are operated in sodium chloride solutions, particularly in sea water (3 % solution of NaCl). Thermal annealing at 400 oC for 1-2 hours increases the cavitation wear resistance of the CEP Ni-SiCnano by 20 % in hard water and 30 % in NaCl solution due to the increase of micro-hardness, leveling of internal tension of coating and increase of corrosion resistance by reducing the electrochemical heterogeneity. Vacuum annealing of the CEC with particles of silicon carbide and boron at 1080-1090 oC allows to obtain dense and smooth coatings, the cavitation wear resistance of which increases on average more than 2 times as a result of formation of a solid frame from eutectic Ni-Ni3B and borides Ni3B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of opportunities of systems of non-adaptive control, in particular, modal for high-quality management of linear dynamic objects is considered, and some results of our research in this field are given in the paper. The main objective of the research is to solve the problem of synthesis of stabilization law for a multidimensional control object based on the use of knowledge in the field of management, obtained from various sources, for the technological process of single-crystal growing by the Chokhralsky method on "GROWTH" setups. Current methods and means of ensuring the specified requirements to the management process imply distribution of matrix eigenvalues or transfer matrixes of a closed-loop system in the given points and areas, optimization of transients in the closed-loop system. The methods for stabilization of a condition of multidimensional object using the system, providing the implementation of the specified requirements to the management process on the basis of decomposition of the model of the growth process as a control object, are considered in the paper. The proposed method with the use of graphic representation of the sensitivity function for the analysis allows to obtain important information on high-quality management of the system for the obtained matrix components of this system. The algorithm of choosing the most appropriate matrix components for the model of the particular control object is presented. We propose to use this method for the increase in the accuracy of maintaining thermal conditions of the crystal growth, both in the stationary environment, and at the maximum perturbations of modes, with the purpose of improving the efficiency of management systems by modern growth setups in conditions of producing these single-crystals. The research results can be applied by specialists in the field of robust modal management of material, energetic and informational flows in the systems of management of modern technological processes, introduced into the technical environment of these technological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solution of the problem of factor analysis automation in the diagnosis and recognition of images is considered in the paper, and some results of our research in this area are given. The main purpose of the study is to develop an evolutionary method of factor analysis to find hidden dependencies in transactional databases. The use of modern methods of evolutionary search allows forming the groups of similar features. The issues of extracting factor groups from the specified transactional databases are considered in the paper for identifying new knowledge when solving the problems of diagnosis and recognition of images. The proposed method allows extracting the groups of qualitatively similar features from transactional databases. We propose to use the association rules to assess the equivalence of features terms that allows assessing the closeness of relationship between various features, making no demands to the input data and performing the factor analysis in transactional databases. The research results can be used by researchers dealing with the study and analysis of complex objects, processes and systems with the purpose to identify new knowledge, as well as in decision support systems for technical and medical diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives the results of studying the effectiveness of a new method of phase separation using materials with capillary properties. It was found that processing of bentonite suspension by its conventional passing through a paper filter is accompanied by a low average filtering velocity and short operation time caused by intensive calmatation of pores by highly disperse particles. As a result, despite the relatively high efficiency of phase separation (residual content of bentonite particles in the filtrate - about 0.3 mg/dm3), the overall efficiency of separation is quite low because of the need for periodic restoration of filtering capacity of porous medium. A new method of phase separation, using materials with capillary properties, allows creating simple, cheap and effective devices for separating liquid and solid phases. Determining factors of separation process and their influence on the intensity of fluid motion in the porous medium were defined, comparative assessment of effectiveness of the proposed method with conventional filtration was conducted, basic parameters of separation with bentonite suspension processing were determined. It was also found that using the new method, the average velocity of fluid motion is twice higher than that of similar methods for conventional filtration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper first examines the Hidden Abelian Group Action problem's complexity in quantum computing model. This algebraic problem is fundamental in determining the hardness of a one-way function constructed on the basis of commutative and locally commutative maps and ciphers. In fact, finding new one-way functions that will be resistant in quantum computing model is very important for modern cryptography. The main objective of the study is to assess the complexity of the Hidden Abelian Group Action problem by using a reduction to already known problems, such as the Hidden Subgroup problem and the Hidden Shift problem. In this paper, reduction of the Hidden Abelian Group Action problem to the Hidden Shift problem was first shown, and limitations that distinguish them were first demonstrated. As a result, on the one hand, the existing partial solutions to the Hidden Shift problem, and general Kuperberg's subexponential algorithm can be extended to the case of the Hidden Abelian Group Action problem. Moreover, more limitations give more chances to effective general solution to this problem. On the other hand, the reduction and similarity to a known challenge in quantum computing model also indicate the complexity of the Hidden Abelian Group Action problem, which leaves a chance for making a real stand one-way function in quantum computing model based on a locally commutative mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methods of processing the results of interlaboratory comparisons are described in the paper. The supplementary comparisons for national standards are carried out with the purpose of confirming measurement and calibration capabilities of the corresponding national metrology institutes. The Guideline on COOMET supplementary comparison evaluation does not take into account the presence of systematic error in the results of comparisons. The Guidelines on "Comparisons of groups of instruments for calibration of the same accuracy level" (MI 1832-88) take into account a systematic component of the measurement error, but the results of comparisons are not verified for consistency, which is an objective confirmation of stated uncertainties. Thus, we propose to combine these two methods for objective demonstration of measuring data reliability. To confirm the method selected for processing the comparisons results, an experiment was conducted, comparisons of voltmeters of one accuracy class with higher accuracy class were made. The results of comparisons and their processing by the proposed combined method are given in the paper. Thus, the proposed method allows evaluating the systematic component of uncertainty and its correction, hence, the laboratory comparisons data are recognized as such that confirm given uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the paper is the scientific substantiation of technologies for producing new kinds of fruit-berry ice-cream and fine-dispersed additives using a cryogenic "shock" freezing and low-temperature grinding for producing healthy products with high content of BAS. In the paper the quality of frozen fine-dispersed additives made by the innovative technology in the form of nanostructured puree was compared with feedstock in regard to BAS content. It is shown, that under conditions of feedstock freezing and low-temperature grinding, accompanied by cryogenic destruction and mechanical activation processes, BAS is more fully extracted from a biopolymer-bound into a free state. The increase rate of BAS extraction depends on its kind and varies from 1.6 to 2.9 times with respect to fresh feedstock. Technology, technological scheme and three formulations of new fruit-berry ice-cream ("Vitaminchik", "Limonchik", "Tropik") were developed, with their quality analysis in respect to BAS content. It is shown that new healthy fruit-berry ice-cream is better than the native analogues by its chemical composition and competes with the best foreign analogues, as it contains a great amount of BAS: vitamin C, phenol compounds, tanning substances, organic acids, pectin and mineral substances. Thus, 100 g of the fruit-berry ice-cream "Vitaminchik" contains the daily norm of vitamin C, "Limonchik" and "Tropik" have half of the daily norm of this vitamin. Moreover, new kinds of ice-cream have a significant content of phenol compounds, tanning, pectin and mineral substances, etc. The quality of IR spectrums of new kinds of ice-cream was compared to their analogue ("Snihovyk" fruit-berry ice-cream, "Khladoprom" PrJSC). The final result of the work is the development of the Scientific Research Project on nanostructured puree and new kinds of fruit-berry ice-cream. Furthermore, new kinds of ice-cream have passed degustation and approbation in production environment at Kharkov enterprises ("Khladoprom" PrJSC, "Polus LTD" SUIS LLC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite many publications concerning the features of the boiling process in a limited volume on smooth and extended surfaces, the majority of them deals with the forced liquid flow. At the same time, there is a need for studying the boiling process on porous surface in a limited space with natural current of heat carrier. The paper gives the results of experimental studies of the boiling process, which indicate the influence of the free space size on the heat dissipation intensity during the boiling on smooth and porous surfaces. Based on the experimental data analysis and the results of a series of visual studies, a physical model of the process has been suggested. In addition, the paper gives a number of systems of differential equations with boundary conditions, which can be used for constructing a mathematical model of the boiling process on the porous structure in a limited volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the causes of poor quality of Ukrainian roads. One of possible solutions is using the emulsion technology instead of traditional "hot on hot" methods of paving and repair of roads. In addition to prevention of bitumen obsolescence tendency using emulsions has a number of significant advantages (lower energy costs, the ability to pave on a wet basis). The paper proves the possibility of bitumen emulsions production under the SSU.2.7-129:2006 based on surface-active substances produced at the JSC «FOSP«Barva». These emulsions, containing 50% of bitumen and 1-3% of surface-active substances "Barvoteks-30", "2K", "Cationic fat" and "Ripoks-3", meet the above standard by their sieve residue homogeneity, storage stability after 7 and 14 days and t relative viscosity at 25 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with improving the superposition principle of substance concentration for watercourses. The substance superposition principle in watercourses arises from the linearity of turbulent diffusion equation and its boundary conditions. When using the superposition principle of substance concentration in water courses, usually only point sources of substance are taken into account, neglecting diffuse (distributed along the watercourse) sources and substance-containing effluents. Diffuse sources of substance are formed by the surface and ground waters getting to the watercourse as well as atmospheric precipitation on the water surface. Diffuse effluents are connected with the processes of water filtration through the watercourse bottom. The paper justifies the use of the superposition principle of substance concentration for watercourse with regard to the diffuse sources and substance-containing effluents. The formulas were obtained which reflect the superposition principle of non-conservative substance concentration in watercourse and simplify the calculation of two-dimensional field of substance concentration in view of point and diffuse sources and substance-containing effluents. The formulas allow improving the accuracy of calculations of water quality in watercourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies is the property of PC TECHNOLOGY CENTER and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Analysis of the basic settings of the wireless transmission channel for the 802.11 Wi-Fi standard networks was performed in the paper. For this purpose, channel structure that takes into account all kinds of interference that have a significant impact on the received signal power at the receiver input was proposed. In addition, based on the analysis of the transmission medium and channel settings, expression for assessing the signal power at the beginning of the receive path was obtained. It was found that one of the main characteristics that affect the wireless transmission channel throughput is the receiver sensitivity level. It defines a minimum allowable signal level at which the receiver can decode data with a set accuracy or set signal/noise ratio level. Another feature of the 802.11 standard is the fact that multilevel quadrature modulation is used to achieve high throughput. This type of modulation has high sensitivity to the transmission channel settings. Using high-order modulation primarily demands strict requirements for the receiver setting. Based on the transmission path research, it is possible to develop effective methods to assess and control characteristics of wireless 802.11 Wi-Fi standard networks, which should take into account the maximum possible number of influence factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When coherent light is propagated into the multimode fiber, a speckle pattern is formed at the exit face of fiber.When the fiber is vibrated, the speckle pattern is modulated due to mode coupling and phase modulation of the propagating modes.In this paper the effect of fiber bends on theintensity modulation of the off-axis modes in multimode polymer fiber has been investigated. The theoretical analysis of a bend multimode fiber shows that the change of the speckle pattern intensity depends on the length of the fiber perturbed and amplitude of the vibration signal. When a highly coherent light source is used, the speckle pattern modulation is due primarily to phase modulation of the modes, and the component of the induced frequency overcomes the first and second harmonics with a difference of 13 dB and 18 dB, respectively, which allows clear identification of the induced vibration frequency. In contrast, when less coherent sources are used, the difference between fundamental vibration frequency and its harmonic components are small. Experimentally shown that when the off-axis modes are excited in multimode polymer fiber the amplitude of the output signal depends linearly on the amplitude of the vibration signal. The considered modulation mechanism can be effectively used to detection of the vibration and mechanical oscillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When developing any product, measures on ensuring the metrological support of its manufacture are taken. First of all, the search and selection of measurement tools of basic parameters, selection of control devices and methods of parameters measurement, study of their metrological characteristics is carried out. Especially when it comes to products that must work in threshold mode and respond to small changes in operating conditions. These devices are flame detectors. Radiation spectrum, which lies in the near infrared region is the most informative for detectors. Radiometers are used for the IR radiation parameters control. IR radiometer was developed for the metrological support of the manufacture of flame detectors. The results of investigating the metrological characteristics of IR radiometer are given in the paper. Since the primary transducer (photodetector) is sensitive in a wide spectral range, any extraneous optical radiation is background. To reduce its impact, the radiometer sensitivity was limited to the range of 4-5 microns, which is different from the control photodetector sensitivity range. Therefore, the metrological characteristics of measurement procedures were determined as well. As a result of the studies, high sensitivity in a wide range of irradiance variation - from 0.001 to 20 W/m2 was confirmed. Conditions of measurement with a relative irradiance measurement error that is within ±6 % was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies of the synthesized gold nanorods with aiming out their subsequent doping in cholesteric liquid crystals. The synthesis of gold nanorods is done with different aspect ratios and by means of TEM, spectral characteristics and Mie theory, their size is defined. Experimental study of nonlinear parameters of gold nanorods is carried out by means of z-scan technique. In particular, the nonlinear absorption coefficients and refractive indices under the action of laser radiation of low power are calculated. These research results of gold nanorods nonlinearity are a prerequisite for further studies of nonlinear processes of composites based on cholesteric liquid crystals with gold nanorods. According to the research of these composites it is proposed to develop the active materials of primary transducer for harmful substances optical sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is shown that today the main problem of SOI technology is the low reproducibility of parameters when using high-temperature technology of synthesis and detachment of mono Si layer in a hydrogen atmosphere. Physical basics of the methods for creating silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and gallium arsenide-on-insulator (GAOI) structures using different methods were considered in the paper. Major attention was paid to the ⪡DeleCut⪢ method (ion irradiated Deleted oxide Out), which is essentially a modification of the known ⪡SmartCut⪢ method and is intended to eliminate a lack of basic method. DeleCut method allows significantly reduce the annealing temperature and concentration of radiation defects in SOI and GAOI structures, decrease the thickness of the cut off layer of silicon or gallium arsenide and the transition layer between the SOI or GAOI layer and hidden oxide (oxynitride). Simultaneously, an increase in thickness uniformity of SOI or GAOI layers and dielectric (semiinsulaedr semiconductor) to several nanometers is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New, more efficient transmission methods, providing a necessary transmission quality and the transmission of more information in a given time interval are proposed. Use of time-coding in transmission systems reduces information delivery time by two times compared with BDC (bit-digital coding). It is experimentally shown that although power distance in timer signal constructions is defined by the area, much smaller relative to the bit-digital code, the probabilities of false acceptance of CW (code word) are not significantly different, and sometimes may be smaller than the bit-digital code. The results of statistical measurements on these channels are given, and probabilistic characteristics of systems when using timer signal constructions for the information transmission through the city telephone network channels are calculated in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, the emphasis is made on the diversity of motortransport operation conditions and factors which should be considered while developing modern motor fuel flowmeters. It is shown that calorimetric flowmeters correspond to the motor transport operating conditions, fuel flow metering standards and can be recommended for their usage in the process of automobiles exploitation. They also can be useful for the bio-fuel flow metering. A concept of a new calorimetric motor fuel (bio-fuel) flowmeter with adjusting the inlet temperature was developed for the car engines, having up to date supply systems (the systems of reverse fuel decanting into the tank (through recoil lines)), which allows to increase the accuracy of motor fuel flow metering. Field researches of brassboard at the automobile have shown the decrease (compared to the prototype of flowmeter) in the relative accuracy of diesel oil flow by 7-13 % depending on the engine behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of radiotherapy (RT), linear electron accelerators have almost replaced cobalt machines. Therefore, treatment planning methods and techniques of dose delivery to the tumor have changed. Comparison of different methods of RT based on computer simulation was carried out in the paper. On the example of a real patient, it is shown that intensity-modulated RT has certain advantages compared to 3D conformal RT. Simulation has shown that it is better to use the intensitymodulated RT technique in irradiation of tumors in the neck area since using 3D conformal RT increases treatment duration and dose, i.e. the load on critical organs. Thus, the minimum dose, received by various targets (tumor bed GTV, clinical target volume CTVmod, and clinical target volume along with surrounding lymph nodes CTV1mod) at intensity-modulated RT is lower by 7.9 %, 28 % and 35.4 % respectively, than at 3D conformal RT. Therefore, radiation dose decreases differently, namely, the larger the target the greater the reduction. So, when planning treatment, it is necessary to weigh positive and negative effects for a particular patient since selecting irradiation technique is always a compromise between saving critical organs and the optimal dose distribution in different targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents experimental findings on measuring metrological parameters of LOMO projections obtained with an atomic force microscope. The research has proved that gauge-producing technologies that consist in mechanical mirror cutting result in flood coating. The floods obscure the position of the marker point in the program of the coordinates that outline object dimensions. We have determined that, with equal deviations from the focus, the biggest measurement error is observed while using a LOMO gauge on the projection. The experiment has proved that, under the same conditions of the experiment, a gauge on LOMO transmission (photolithography technology) and a 2D Bruker projection gauge, which is produced by means of electronic lithography, cause much smaller measurement errors. This should be taken into account while choosing a microscope focus gauge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilization of batch materials with a significant amount of small fraction in ferroalloy smelting worsens the technical and economic indices of the working ovens, exceeds the norm of the pollutant emissions in the atmosphere, and aggravates further processing (or utilizing) of the dust waste. The paper presents the findings of industrial research tests on ferrosilicon smelting by the method of electro-slag remelting in which the batch contains bricks of dust waste (aspiration dust as well as dust captured by gas treatment equipment). We have determined that the main constituents of dust waste bricks are very similar to those of batch materials, which proves expediency of utilizing dust waste in ferrosilicon (FeSi) smelting. We have devised a technological scheme and tried utilization of dust bricks in electro-slag remelting for FeSi smelting. The tests have proved that the obtained quality of ferrosilicon FeSi45 meets world standards. The instrumental measuring of dust emissions in the atmosphere enabled us to determine interdependence between the emissions and the technical and economic indices of smelting (the smelting time and the output). The industrial research tests have proved that using dust bricks in the batch reduces dust emissions by 10 % to 25 % and makes it possible to utilize dust waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Container shipment has promoted the development of intermodal connections with the use of different vehicles. The activity of freight forwarding companies (FFC) is aimed at improving container transportation of export and import cargoes to the clients, which is possible due to improving motor transportation of goods in containers. The major limitation of FFC activity is their specializing in one direction only - export or import. In import, container delivery expenses of the client depend upon the time of container shipping from the port. The average penalty makes up $10 to $25 per TEU daily. The paper suggests an export and import scheme of container deliveries by linear operators to FFC clients. The scheme allows shortening the term of container equipment exploitation and reducing linear operators' demurrage and detention expenses due to the suggested algorithm of FFC search of export freight for their returning auto transport. The economic indicator of improving the export and import scheme of container shipment was received while arranging cargo delivery from Kyiv at a price of $ 650 to $ 750 per vehicle. Every day Odessa port ships 10 to 20 containers with import goods, and 5 to 10 of them can be shipped with export goods on their way back so that the average profit beyond the driver's wages could make up approximately $ 1500 to $ 2500 per day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing safety technologies of works on the railroad tracks oblige the station duty officer to warn railroad workers about all movements of rolling stock through the working space. However, the information load on the human operator is sometimes such that the station duty officer can not timely transfer this type of messages. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to obtain quantitative values of probability of timely fulfillment of the operation of warning railroad workers and passengers. To achieve this goal, the problem of constructing a model of operation of notifying railroad workers and passengers by the station duty officer, as well as obtaining the relationships among the probability of timely fulfillment of the operation, psychophysiological state of the operator and the number of crews on the tracks were solved. For this purpose, a functional-semantic network was developed and modeling of the operation of warning railroad workers and passengers by the station duty officer was performed. As a result of the modeling, it was found that the probability of timely fulfillment of the operation does not meet the standards in the case of both the deterioration of the psychophysiological state of the station duty officer, and increase in the number of concurrently working crews. The studies can be used for decision-making on the allocation of warning functions between the station duty officer and control system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of creating differential diagnosis classifiers of pathological states of the cardiovascular system are given in the paper. This task allows to solve the problem of creating non-invasive diagnosis method that allows to use repeated measurements, obtained in a state of unrest. A feature of this formulation is the classification of complex objects, each of which can overlap with other objects. It is proposed to use the convolution of objects, obtained through the application of the modified combinatorial group method of data handling. Classification problem is solved by the "one-against-all" approach, i.e. a set of models, opposing each state to all other is modeled. The main purpose of the work was selecting the optimal modeling method, which allows to get the maximum accuracy on the training and test samples. As a result of the analysis, it was proved that the group method of data handling, which has shown the classification accuracy of over 90 % at the separation of all diagnoses is optimum for such problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considered the existing methods of using sphagnum moss as a liquid sorbent, including oil and oil products for identifying regularities of sorption processes on the material. The existing data on the studies of the absorptive capacity of sphagnum moss was analyzed. It was found that the existing studies investigated the dependence of the adsorptive capacity on the processing method (grinding, thermal modification, encapsulation, etc.). However, the nature and mechanism of sorption have not been studied at all, but there is a set of theoretical assumptions that have not been checked. The characteristic of the existing descriptions of the sorption processes on the material made of sphagnum moss was given. The need for further research for defining the nature and the mechanism of the sphagnum moss interaction with a substance absorbed in the sorption process was determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the problem of determining the optimal transient in the anti-surge control system of the gas compressor unit with gas turbine drive on the example of the C-6.3 type centrifugal supercharger. The problem of determining the switching points, constructing the optimal transient was considered. A method to improve the anti-surge control system performance in conditions of the booster compressor station of underground gas storage was proposed since performance of anti-surge control system of the gas compressor unit is a key factor to improve the booster compressor station reliability. The defined optimal transient in the anti-surge control system of the gas compressor unit with gas turbine drive and transient time show that they significantly differ from the transient in the system for the case when nonoptimal control action is supplied to the control object input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the threshold of the heating season, Ukraine is in a difficult energy situation. There is a serious shortage of fossil fuels both gaseous and solid. Electricity can become the most viable alternative to fossil fuels in Ukraine. Ukraine produces enough electricity to meet its own needs. However, outdated electricity supply system networks will not allow to resolve the heating problem next winter by a simple transition from gas to electricity. It is necessary to develop a set of measures that allows to resolve the issue of heat supply systems transition to electricity without significant reconstruction of external networks. Feasibility study of transition ways of heating systems to the electricity use was carried out in the paper. The study has shown that only a comprehensive approach allows to solve the problem of transition of heating systems to electricity without reconstruction of external electricity supply systems. A comprehensive approach should include a number of measures, aimed at reducing the total energy consumption of the building. At the first stage, thermomodernization of buildings should be held, namely wall insulation, replacement of glass with energy-saving. At the second stage, hydraulic balancing of the heating system is organized. The third stage involves replacing the heat source with a heat pump and direct cylinder and can be considered final. Such measures allow to reduce energy consumption for heating needs by at least two times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes a system management model of efficient electric energy consumption by airports, which is based on the improved classical closed-loop management scheme. With the aim of efficient electric energy consumption management, it is proposed to organize a separate energy management service in airports. Information and managerial relationships between the energy management service and airport departments are determined. Management system efficiency is based on the improved methods and algorithms on the regulation of specific electric energy consumption and forecasting of the amount of electric energy consumption by airport objects. The improved regulation method will allow to determine appropriate specific consumption standards for airports for a basic period. The regulation of specific electric energy consumption by airport objects will allow to determine their power-consuming zones and first of all regulate their electric energy consumption efficiency. A system for multifactor forecasting of electric energy consumption by airport objects will allow to execute electric energy consumption management by reducing specific electric energy consumption for the forecast period. The efficiency of these measures is increased through the step-by-step implementation of the complex of practical recommendations. Using the model allows to improve the airport efficiency, which confirms the relevance and practical value of the given study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is described in the paper that for maintaining ecosafe motor transport systems evolution, the development of criteria, based on which it would be possible to evaluate the perfection and technical condition of automobiles is necessary. On the basis of experimental data handling, obtained while testing automobiles of a various make, based on the analysis and coordination of numerous research results, the authors have confirmed that benzopyrene is a reliable indicator of prioritized carcinogenic hydrocarbon emission level and can be used as an indicator of total carcinogenicity (MΣΠAP) of automobile exhaust gases. Formulas for the MΣΠAP calculation are given. The changes in specific cost expenditures (δ3(Π+H2)) when using hydrogen, as an additional energy carrier were calculated. An assessment of the total energy expenditure and atmospheric emissions when using different fuel technologies in motor transport was made. It is proved that adding hydrogen to the diluted air-fuel mixture in the ICE is economically sound. The expediency of wind-power potential at the self-supporting motorway filling stations was found. It is emphasized that with the full implementation of the mentioned technologies, an increase in socio-economical attractiveness of the hydrogen energetics transport component is expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gas turbine engines are a major part of propulsion systems of different aircrafts. Gas-dynamic stability of compressors of aircraft GTE is achieved by using various compressor regulation methods to ensure unstalled flow of blade rows in all operation modes of the engine. The loss of gas-dynamic stability of the compressor is caused by flow separation in blade rows and critical flow regimes (flow "choking" regime) in the blade channels of separate stages. So far, flow "choking" regimes in the blade channels are not fully investigated. The effect of the cascade space-chord ratio on flow "choking" regimes in the blade channels of the airfoil cascade was studied in the paper. The authors have proposed a theoretical relationship, allowing to calculate flow "choking" regimes with different space-chord ratio of the airfoil cascade. The authors have performed a series of calculations of flow in airfoil cascades in "choking" regimes using numerical simulation. To close the averaged Navier-Stokes equations, the Menter's SST model was used. Adaptive irregular computational grid was selected to solve this problem. For the calculation, second-order design scheme with the local use of the firstorder design scheme was used. Results of studying the flow in airfoil cascades have shown a significant effect of the stall zone behind the front edge of the blades at negative angles of attack on the flow in the blade channels. Decrease in the actual minimum flow area of the blade channel leads to a reduction in the value of the Mach number MMax, at which flow "choking" regime in the blade channels by the air consumption occurs. The results have shown that the greater the space-chord ratio of airfoil cascades, the larger the relative influence of the boundary layer thickness on the critical flow regime. Generalized characteristics of "choking" regimes of compressor cascades can be used for calculating "choking" regimes of the axial-flow compressor stages in determining the boundaries of gas-dynamic stability and "choking" boundaries of multi-stage axial-flow compressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flight program of modern aircrafts includes multireclosure of propulsion system in practically zero gravity conditions. Normal start of engines in zero gravity conditions is ensured by fuel continuity means, which are an integral part of the fuel system. Today, mesh dividers of phases, the basic working element of which is a woven metal mesh with micron-sized cells are the most widely used as such means. One of the main design parameters of mesh dividers of phases is pressure loss that occurs during the passage of the fuel flow through the phase divider cells in the course of flight mission of the aircraft. The effect of the nonstationarity level of the fuel stream, flowing through the cells of the mesh at the transient operation stages of the propulsion system on the The effect of the nonstationarity level of the fuel stream, flowing through the cells of the mesh at the transient operation stages of the propulsion system on the amount of pressure losses is investigated in the paper. Using an operational method, applied to the differential equation of the accelerated motion of a viscous fluid in a finite-length cylindrical tube, an equation, describing the value of hydraulic resistance coefficient of mesh divider of phases depending on the Froude and Reynolds numbers is derived. As a result, it is found that using the values of hydraulic resistance coefficient of mesh dividers of phases without considering fuel consumption nonstationarity when performing design calculations can lead to significant errors in determining pressure losses on the mesh divider of phases at transient operation stages of the propulsion system. Using the results of the work in engineering practice allows to optimize the design parameters of fuel continuity means and increase the efficiency of the fuel system of spacecrafts in various flight conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers constructing a parametric model of the double-row railway roller bearing and determining the optimal shape of its roller to reduce contact pressure. Solution of problems of one-and two-parameter roller shape optimization, ensuring maximum uniform contact pressure distribution, is achieved by forming the roller geometry by varying the radius of curvature of the roller generatrix, or by varying the two radii that describe the change in the generatrix curvature. The level of maximum contact pressure was considered as the objective function. To determine the contact pressures, finite element method in the formulation of the contact problem of elasticity theory was used. Numerical solution of the contact problem was performed by expanding Lagrange's method; ANSYS software package was used. Solution of problems of one-and two-parameter roller surface shape optimization was carried out by applying the penalty function method in combination with the alternating-variable descent method and the golden section search method. Optimal radii of curvature of roller generatrix of doublerow railway roller bearing CRU 150x250 in the formulation of one-and two-parameter optimization problem were obtained. It was revealed that the roller generatrix geometry in the form of two conjugated radii of curvature ensures maximum contact pressure level by 8% lower than in forming the roller surface curvature by a single radius of curvature. The results show the possibility of a significant reduction of the contact pressure for a pair of roller - bearing race due to the optimal profiling of roller generatrix, which will allow proportionally increase the durability and life of the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]