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The optimization of small pelagic fisheries in the Java Sea could be enhanced by providing oceanographic information for analysis and determining potential fishing grounds. This study aims to investigate shelf oceanographic factors influencing small pelagic fisheries using multidatasets of sea surface temperature and surface salinity CROCO ocean model output (2010 – 2020), distribution of light-fishing vessel position of VIIRS satellite, and small pelagic fish catches landing data (round scads Decapterus spp. and the spotted sardinella Amblygaster sirm) at Pekalongan Fishing Port, Central Java. The results showed that the peak of fishing season for the spotted sardinella occurs during northwest monsoon, in which the eastward monsoon current and Sunda shelf throughflow brings fresher (±32.4 psu) and warmer (±28.5 oC) water into the Java Sea. In contrast, the peak of fishing season for round scads. is associated with saltier (>33.0 psu) and cooler (

The Gulf of Madura is heavily utilized for shipping, fishing, and oil exploration. These activities impact the marine environment. This study aims to describe the spatial and temporal variability in oceanographic parameters, vertical current structures, trends, and ocean health conditions based on oceanographic parameters estimated from the OHI value. The data used in this research consists of INDESO and Marine Copernicus data. The results of the study show that monsoon phenomena greatly influence temperature and salinity in the Gulf of Madura, with temperature increasing and salinity decreasing during the northwest monsoon, and vice versa during the southeast monsoon. An analysis of oceanographic variables over the past 12 years showed an increase in salinity and nitrate variables, and a decrease in other variables. The trend fluctuation is still within the quality standard for seawater according to government regulation number 22 of 2021. The results of the calculation of the ocean health index show that the Gulf of Madura is in a fair condition with a value of 0.63. This finding can be used to manage and utilize marine space sustainably without deteriorating the ocean’s health.