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Summary Background & aims People with the highest risk of iron deficiency are infants, teenagers and pregnant women. Iron deficiency has negative effects on physical and psychomotor development and has high impact on the productive life and on the development of a country. The aim of this study was to determine iron state in healthy six-month-old infant Mexican patients. Methods The analysis was held in 205 subjects in an observational and descriptive study. We included infants at term with good health, no acute or chronic diseases at least in the 4 previous weeks and with any type of feeding. We evaluated the birth weight, gain weight and iron status of infants at the age of six months. Laboratory studies included blood hemoglobin (Hb), mean cell volume (MCV), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), transferrin saturation (TS) and ferritin. Results Birth weight and gain weight were acceptable in 94.1%. Iron deficiency was detected in 44.9% and anaemia secondary due to iron deficiency was present in 19.5%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that exclusive breast-fed correlated with iron deficiency (rp = −0.167, p Conclusions High prevalence of iron deficiency and secondary anaemia, two important public health problems, were present in children during the first months of life in the analyzed sample.