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Orang Asli (OA) Seletar is one of indigenous group categorized under Proto-Malay group alongside with other tribes such as Temuan, Semelai, Jakun, Kanaq and Kuala. OA Seletar also has been recognized as one of sea gypsies group, alongside with OA Kuala because their entire livelihood depends on the sea. Besides that, their understanding of the marine world is different with common people as the sea is not just a source of sustenance but also means to provide to their families. Because of that, most of OA Seletar have taken up fishing as their main occupation to ensure their survival. This study aims to identify the socioeconomic activities carried out by the Seletar indigenous community in Kampung Bakar Batu, Johor Bahru. This study has used a qualitative approach such as in-depth interview methods, participant observation, and library methods. A total of five informants were interviewed to obtain the necessary information. Participatory observation was also done to obtain evidence to support the information obtained during the interview session. The results of the study found that the Seletar community in Kampung Bakar Batu has carried out two main socioeconomic activities, namely traditional fishing and the sale of fishing bait. However, these activities are creasingly challenged by development projects near their settlement areas. This study is indirectly important to document the persistence of the Seletar community in carrying out socioeconomic activities to improve their living standards and economic standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional economic activity is one of the important elements in the Orang Asli community's way of life to secure food for a living and at the same time sustaining their customs and belief systems. However, as the global economy is revolving and becoming money-based economy, the Orang Asli community is facing a great threat. Hence, this study aims to observe the Orang Asli especially the Semelai and Semai communities' traditional economic activity and challenges in sustaining their traditional activities. Therefore, the data collection method used is survey and in-depth interview. This study finds that both Semelai and Semai community practices the same economic activity which is cash-crop economic activity and self-sufficiency. Both subgroups do have few similarities and also differences in values and belief system especially involving the traditional agriculture activity. In fact, they are at risk of food insecurity. Hence, this paper highlights the importance of preserving the traditional economic activity so the community able to gain equal access to food supplies and reclaim their rights as Orang Asli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is climate change. Extreme climate change is a major contributor to the escalation of environmental degradation. Indigenous peoples are often credited with a deeper understanding of climate change adaptation, as they have been connected to the natural environment. Although these communities are minor contributors to the greenhouse effect, the impact of climate change makes it difficult for them to maintain their environmental conservation practises. The aim of this research is therefor to examine the existing literature on the topic of climate change impact on indigenous people in Malaysia. The results of the literature review show that climate change vulnerability include natural disasters and degradation of biodiversity resources. This article therefore illustrates the comprehensive climate change adaptation strategy of indigenous communities. It encourages policymakers to incorporate the perspectives of indigenous stakeholders to address their needs and adopt a balanced approach to climate change adaptation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health status of the indigenous people of Peninsular Malaysia is generally considered poorer as compared to the mainstream population. Studies show that the poor health is due to various factors. One of the significant factors is poor communication between the attending doctor and indigenous patient. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of doctor-patient communications in helping to improve the health status of the indigenous communities. In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 people of the Jakun sub-ethnic of the Pahang State indigenous community. Data were transcribed, coded and subjected to thematic analysis. Results of the study show both positive and negative experiences of doctor-patient communications. Positive experiences indicated effective doctor-patient communications and thus show an increased level of confidence and trust in the attending doctor. This subsequently increases the frequency of health care visits among the indigenous communities. Whereas, negative experiences implied conflict between doctor and patient that was due to limited understanding of the language used by the attending doctor. This further causes patient being treated with minimal knowledge of their illness and patient may never return to the health care anymore. The analysis of the findings suggests that it is of utmost importance to ensure doctors understand the culture of the indigenous communities to promote effective doctor-patient communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orang Asli is part of Malaysian citizens. Orang Asli community has their own rights and privilege as contained in Orang Asli Act (Act 134), dan Malaysian Federal Constitution. Other than that, the land ownership was referred widely which covered the rights and the importance of land ownership, reserved lands receiver or license holder to stay on government lands. They were considered as the lands' owner and have the privilege to use it as stated in Section 44 and Section 45 in the state land code. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the level of acceptance of Orang Asli towards land ownership. To achieve the objectives, quantitative methods were used by distributing questionnaires to 60 respondents from Sungai Buah village and Jenderam Hilir village, Sepang Selangor. The results of the study found that the level of acceptance of the Aboriginal people to grant land is high. This is clear when the level of acceptance of Indigenous peoples towards land grants is found to be influenced by factors in socio-cultural, environmental, economic and identity. The research result found that the state of agreement was high towards the granted land ownership. Orang Asli need the understanding and detailed information about the granted land ownership without any manipulated details before it is accepted by all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysia has reached the age of independence for the past six decades and is heading towards becoming a developed country. During this period, various initiatives have been taken by the government in improving the living standards of the indigenous peoples, particularly in economic terms. Yet there are still a few of those who haven't reached successful economic conditions. The objective of this study is to examine the economic conditions of Semoq Beri indigenous community through indicators of occupation and income, basic expenses, and asset ownership. This study utilized questionnaire method involving 30 respondent of head of households that were randomly selected. Descriptive statistics analysis was used to obtain frequency and percentage values. Findings show that majority of respondents still conduct forest-gathering practices as their main occupation. The monthly income produced through this occupation did not yield significant survival returns, which showed that they live below the poverty line income (PLI), which denotes that they earn less than RM880 a month. Their basic expenses are also relatively high compared to their monthly income. They also lacked complete assets such as household goods and vehicles which cannot guarantee their comfort in life. This study is important to assist the authorities to be more aware of the Semoq Beri indigenous community's life while at the same time helping them to improve their economic conditions holistically in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living standards and politics involvement can affect the well-being of individuals and society. However, both of these indicators can be explained by poverty. Marginalization, poverty and their midset become a factor that prevents them to improve their living standards and their public engagement with the outside communities and modernization. Thus it is the purpose of this study to analyse the effect of the standard of living and public involvement in the well being of the Orang Asli community. This study used primary data analysis methods of questionnaires in the field, while further strengthening the results and analysis of the study conducted by reference library (secondary) which includes content analysis of academic reference books, journal articles, seminars and conferences. The study found that in terms of living standards, the majority of respondents to reduce subscription to shop for basic needs or other places because they are trying to do the austerity measures in an atmosphere of economic uncertainty. In terms of public participation or involvement in electoral politics, almost half of respondents did not fulfill their responsibility as voters at the last general election because of the level of knowledge and awareness of their right to vote and to speak low. Therefore, to ensure their welfare is safeguarded, they should be active in public activities whether in terms of selecting and expression to their rights and interests are protected and taken care by the authorities. Thus, all parties whether the authorities, NGOs, other communities or Orang Asli peoples themselves should help Orang Asli to improve their lives subsequently expand political involvement in the development of Orang Asli to national and arena of international. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popularity of palm oil production is amazing. Around 10 percent of the world's permanent cropland has been used for global oil palm planting area. Among them, 85% of palm oil is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia. Palm oil has increased the income of populations of the two countries, especially farmers. But there is at cost, the environment is devastating, and labour rights and human rights are repeatedly violated. The objective of this study is to explore sustainable palm oil farming practices conducted by Orang Asli smallholders. This study was carried out in one of the indigenous villages located in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia - Kampung Sungai Mai, Jerantut, Pahang. Employing qualitative method, eight indigenous farmers were interviewed periodically through simple random sampling and snowballing. The study results show that the orang Asli farmers are working towards land ownership as prerequisite of MSPO. Family farming as next step to sustainable farming and deforestation is curbed by oil palm cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a preliminary study to seek the influence of the socio-cultural one of aboriginal communities, Kanaq tribe on their acceptance of external elements other than their culture. The external element focused on this study is the mastery of the second language, which is Malay Language. Qualitative method is used this study consisting of literature study and fieldwork. Through the field method, the researcher used interviewing techniques and observation. Five respondents were involved in this study consisting of three Kanaqan teenagers and two experts. The location of this study was Kampung Sungai Selangi, Kota Tinggi, Johor. This study found that Kanaq tribe has strong sociocultural and refused external elements that can help to improve their quality of life. This explains the need for community of aboriginals' socio-cultural to be raised in order to help them master in Malay Language. Through the discussion of this issue, this paper proposes an implementation of ethnographic approach from a socio-cultural perspective faced by the aboriginal community in mastering Malay Language. It is important that these issues are assessed and understood in more depth and comprehensiveness. This research may provide a proposal for the development of the language learning model framework, especially at the secondary school level in assisting the aboriginal community to master in Malay language by taking their socio-cultural aspects of their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the level of knowledge about non-communicable diseases, treatment methods, stigma and medicine, eating habits and community norms in the form of taboo for indigenous female after childbirth, among Orang Asli communities in Kampung Chuweh 2, Lembah Belum. Majority of the adult Orang Asli in the village have participated in this study. The data collection was done using in-depth interviews while doing weaving activities where this activity is one of their leisure activities in the village. The findings show that the indigenous people's knowledge of non-communicable diseases is satisfactory. They do not rule out modern methods of treatment from the hospital even though they still practice traditional medicine. In addition, they are free from non-infectious diseases due to their nutrition that is not high in cholesterol and sugar. However, the nutritional status and reproductive health of the indigenous women here ought to be given more attention. This is because few of their babies were born premature as early as 5 months or 8 months of pregnancy and few were overdue of over 10 months and 12 months of pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to [i] identify illiteracy levels according to the age structure of indigenous people between the ages of 15 and 65, [ii] explaining the relationship between illiteracy rate and educational level, [iii] discussing the factors affecting literacy and also a mitigation measures. A total of 100 respondents involved in this study were randomly selected. The findings show that factors affecting illiteracy rates among indigenous communities are [i] poverty, [ii] infrastructure facilities [iii] transportation and accessibility, [iv] parental attitudes and [v] individual attitudes. However, there are also some effective measures such as [i] allocation of fund and assistance by the government, [ii] implementation of more interesting and effective teaching and learning system techniques in schools, [iii] the role of parents, [iv ] individual roles and attitudes, and [v] awareness campaigns to enhance the motivation of the locals. It should be taken and implemented in addressing the illiteracy problem before it becoming a more serious problem in the lives of indigenous peoples in order to ensure mutual social well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Orang Asli ethnic group is often seen as natives whose lives are marginalized, isolated and the poorest. This is so because they are the last to receive economic development. Efforts of including them into the state system began in earnest since the establishment of the Department of Orang Asli (JAKOA), which is a dedicated welfare department for this ethnic group. The Orang Asli radio broadcast Asyikfm serves as a complimentary channel delivering information whilst entertaining. The channel began airing under the name Siaran Orang Asli. Initially functioning as an anti-communist psywar radio broadcast, it eventually serves as an agent of development. The channel employs a strategy that injects elements of persuasion as it airs in the Orang Asli dialects and nuances. Its coverage is extensive as it aims at integrating the said ethnic group into the national system. This study is aimed at evaluating the role of Radio Asyikfm in channeling information towards the formation of national integration for the Orang Asli. It seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the radio content in the government's intention for national integration. For this reason, the study undertakes a mixed method approach. A content analysis is done on the Asyikfm Radio Broadcast Schedule as well as the Deejay Schedule for the year 2014. A survey is also carried out on 102 respondents from the Semai ethnic group of Pos Titom, Lipis Pahang. In addition, interviews were done with three Key informants. Results show that the Orang Asli settlements in the interior are very interested in getting news from outside their communities. Asyikfm airs in four dialects, namely Orang Asli Semai, Temiar, Temuan, and Malay and it is their preferred choice compared to other radio broadcasts. Further, the analysis showed that the broadcasting and dissemination by radio Asyikfm has actually led these aboriginal people to socialize through the medium of social media. To increase the level of understanding and communication, Asyikfm uses an approach that upholds the Malay language with translation. It entertains while communicating the government's agenda to its intended audience and that is the Orang Asli. The findings indicate the occurrence of change in terms of the national integration but not in a linear line as expected. Elements of national integration are disseminated through radio to the indigenous people. However, decision-making based on consensus as well as changes in the direction of national integration are done by the indigenous people based on their own worldview that remains attached strongly with their cultural ties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]