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La matriz energética mundial está basada en combustibles fósiles que emiten enormes cantidades de GEI causantes del cambio climático, con graves consecuencias sobre nuestro planeta. En las últimas dos décadas, las energías renovables han aumentado su participación para mitigar los efectos sobre el clima. En este trabajo, se evalúa el rol del gas natural en la transición energética, considerando políticas energéticas e innovaciones tecnológicas. Fue aplicado el método de Delphi contando con expertos en energía y ambiente. Los resultados muestran tres factores clave: gas natural como combustible fósil más amigable con el ambiente, energías renovables no podrán satisfacer 100% de la demanda y alta variabilidad del suministro eléctrico basado en energías eólica y solar. Además, se visualizan dos oportunidades relevantes: crecimiento del consumo de energía y expansión del negocio del GNL. Estos hallazgos permiten señalar que el gas natural fungirá como combustible-puente en la transición hacia energías más limpias.

Copyright of Dyna is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Facultad de Minas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Offshore wind energy production is non-existent in Brazil, although is currently considered in the country's expansion plans. New and promising oil and gas fields have recently been discovered in the Sergipe and Alagoas basin, corresponding to one third of current Brazilian production. This work analyzes the technical and economic viability of an Offshore Wind Farm to supply the energy demand of a Floating Liquified Natural Gas proposed to be used in those fields. The resulting estimated cost of capital and levelized cost of energy were in line with international values. However, the project proved to be unfeasible due to the high cost for its size and the low average price of energy generation. Nonetheless, the synergy between the oil and gas sector and offshore wind may include benefits such as the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions within the sector itself, making the non-renewable resource available for more noble use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have caused unprecedented climate change. Both mitigation and adaptation actions have thus become crucial. The combustion of fossil fuels is the leading cause of GHG emissions. Within this context, this work explores several options to offset GHG emissions from a combined-cycle natural gas-fired thermopower plant by 2050. Termopernambuco, in Northeastern Brazil, provides a case study that can be used as a reference for other projects. Therefore, after making an inventory and designing a scenario up to 2050 of its GHG emissions, mitigation actions and offset options are assessed, including a photovoltaic system, fuel mix options, a CO2 capture and storage (CCS) facility, and livestock-forest integration systems. Such measures are individually evaluated and bundled in five scenarios. Overall results indicate a wide range of offset costs, with livestock-forest integration systems at the lowest end with 37 USD/tCO2e up to a level of 180 USD/tCO2e for CCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se determinaron los límites operativos de intercambiabilidad con gas natural proveniente de distintas fuentes, de tal manera que no se afecte las propiedades físicas de los equipos de combustión ya instalados y se garantice un flujo de combustible eficiente y seguro. Se estudiaron las mezclas de gas natural recibidas en Antioquia (Colombia) entre 2011-2015. obteniendo mezclas representativas de acuerdo a la clasificación de poder calorífico (PCS) alto, medio y bajo. Se calcularon las propiedades relacionadas con la intercambiabilidad utilizando el mecanismo GRIMECH 3.0. La velocidad de combustión laminar se calculó mediante simulación numérica y se midió utilizando la técnica Schlieren. Los índices de intercambiabilidad se validaron experimentalmente y se encontró que la intercambiabilidad no excede el 5,5% en comparación con el gas base. Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que no es necesario ajustar los diseños de los equipos de combustión cuando se utilizan estas mezclas.

In this article, a simulation model of a natural gas transport network based on the minimization of its operating costs was developed. For this, a system of equations that determine these costs and the conditions that characterize it are established, to later be transformed into a system that can easily be solved by common linear programming methods. A system of equations and matrices resulting from a transport network of few elements is presented as an example. The model is applied in the simulation of the future operation of the Colombian natural gas transport network to project the cost of its operation, section flows, its associated tariffs, and shortage level. Finally, the conclusions derive possible use applications of this model for the analysis of natural gas transport networks and other energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dyna is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Facultad de Minas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)