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Varlıklarını hisse senedi piyasasında değerlendirmek isteyen yatırımcılar için firma değeri ve firma değerini etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğunun bilinmesi, yapılacak yatırımın istenilen amaca ulaşabilmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören ve Kağıt ve Kağıt Ürünleri sanayi alanında faaliyet gösteren firmalar düzeyinde finansal oranlar ve firma değeri arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Panel veri analizi kullanılarak yapılan çalışmada sektörde yer alan 7 adet firmanın 2012-2018 yılları kapsamındaki verileri ele alınmıştır. Bağımlı değişken olarak firma değerinin, bağımsız değişken olarak ise 19 farklı finansal oranın kullanıldığı çalışma sonucunda, firma değeri üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olan finansal oranlar gruplar düzeyinde ve bütün olarak istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Likidite oranlarının tamamının, mali yapı oranlarının 2 adedinin, faaliyet oranlarının 3 adedinin ve karlılık oranlarının 3 adedinin firma değeri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca tüm oranların birlikte değerlendirilmesi ile yapılan analiz sonucunda ise 8 adet finansal oranın firma değeri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Bu çalışmada, ofis (A4), kuşe, oluklu mukavva, NSSC (Nötral sülfit yarı kimyasal hamur), gazete ve karışım kâğıtları üzerine hamurlaştırma işlemleri yapılmıştır. Bu işlemin sonunda ise dövme ve ardından mürekkep giderme işlemi yapılmıştır. İşlem sonunda ise elde edilen test kâğıtlarına ise bazı testler yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, kontrol amaçlı standart yüzdürme metoduna göre mürekkep giderme işlemi yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, sodyum hidroksit, hidrojen peroksit, sodyum silikat, oleik asit ve kalsiyum klorür ingede metoduna göre uyarlanarak kullanılmıştır.

Bu çalışmada, ofis kâğıtları üzerinde mürekkep giderme işlemi yapılmıştır. Bu işlem için farklı oranlarda kimyasal ve enzimler katılmış ve bunların etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla sodyum hidroksit, hidrojen peroksit sodyum silikat ve oleik asit’de uygun dozlarda kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca ultrasonik enerjinin etkiside ayrıca incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda ise işlem sonunda elde edilen hamur ve atık çamur üzerinde organik ve anorganik madde analizleri yapılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Organik madde, Anorganik madde, Mürekkep giderme, Ofis kağıdı

Bu çalışmada, ofis kâğıtları üzerinde mürekkep giderme işlemi yapılmıştır. Bu işlem için farklı oranlarda kimyasal ve enzimler katılmış ve bunların etkileri analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla sodyum hidroksit, hidrojen peroksit sodyum silikat ve oleik asit’de uygun dozlarda kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca ultrasonik enerjinin etkiside ayrıca incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda ise işlem sonunda elde edilen hamur ve atık çamur üzerinde organik ve anorganik madde analizleri yapılmıştır.

This paper analyses the capacity effects of End-Around Taxiway at Istanbul New Airport which is planned to serve for 150 million passengers per year with the 6 independent runways when it is constructed completely. The new airport will be in service with its two independent and two dependent parallel runways after the first phase of the construction. The airport has also end-around taxiways to increase the runway capacity. End-around taxiways allow the aircraft continue to their taxi movements without the runway crossing. The runway crossing decreases the runway capacity since the crossing aircraft blocks the runway. The effects of runway crossing problem on the runway capacity are analysed in this paper. Istanbul New Airport first phase configuration is modelled with Simmod discrete event simulation tool in two different scenarios which are named baseline and alternative. The baseline scenario represents the new airport without end-around taxiways. The alternative scenario represents the same condition with end-around taxiways. The capacity problems of runway crossing are analysed and it is enhanced with the end-around taxiway usage. The analysis shows the runway capacities with and without runway crossing.

Transportation is nearly entirely ( lt;99.9) powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs) burning the fossil fuels like oil and liquefied petroleum gas. However, the world fossil fuels’ reserves are finite, and it is foreseen it will run out nearly 50 years for oil, 60 years for natural gas, and 80 years for coal. Thus, humankind has rapidly started to seek new, renewable and clean energy sources for particularly powering the vehicles. In this scope, the biggest alternative to classic internal combustion engines is undoubtedly electric vehicles (EVs) like in the past. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in electric vehicles, and over the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in EVs production of 1500%. On the other hand, Turkey has failed to keep pace with this increase, and seen 475 EVs by end of 2017. It is thought Turkish dependence on fossil fuels, and more greenhouse gas emissions than its undertaken in the Kyoto protocol as a country of signed Kyoto protocol, Turkey should rapidly turn its route to the electric vehicles to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, as together with a tendency to electric vehicles, it will be useful tending to renewable and alternative energy sources for contributing to the countries’ economies depending on decreasing on fossilbased fuels. For this scope, this paper aims not only to compare the electric vehicles and internal combustion engines but also to give information about the influence over the ecological balance of the world, arising from these powering methods. Finally, the nuclear energy policy of Turkey was also evaluated as an alternative to the rapidly increasing electricity consumption of the country in this paper.

Immiscible fluids may provide operational flexibility for pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) due to thermo-hydrodynamic diversity lead by each pure component. In this regard, present paper focuses on the thermo-fluidic analysis of non-uniform pulsating heat pipes charged with water-based immiscible fluid pairs. Research parameters cover gravity effect via the inclination angles (IA) of 0o and 90o, and fluid pair effect via two different water-based immiscible binary fluids as Water (W) – Hexane (H), and Water (W) – Pentane (P). The volumetric mixing ratios are W:H=1:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:0, 0:1, and W:P=1:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:0, 0:1; and the non-uniform flat plate type pulsating heat pipe (FP-CLPHP) has alternating-sequence parallel channels. The experiments are performed at the filling ratio of 40% (FR=40%), and flow phenomena is visualized. As some conclusions; at vertical orientation, the FP-CLPHPs having binary fluids of water-pentane show better thermal performance compared to the pure counterparts. Especially, the heat transfer characteristics of W:P=1:1 are the best ones among all the pure and binary fluids. On the other hand, as a conclusion of combination of non-uniform design and suitable thermophysical properties, the FP-CLPHPs charged with pure pentane, pure hexane or binary fluid of W:P=1:4 can work independent from gravitational force.

Hot shortness in steels is a macro crack on the steel surface especially on the slab edges of hot rolled steels produced by recycling. Hot shortness in steels is characterized by intergranular cracking of steel on the surface during hot rolling process. The hot shortness damage can be seen by naked eye due to macro cracks on steel surface, after the hot rolling of slab. Although macro cracks can occur due to various parameters such as excessive force or deformed rolls, hot shortness is directly linked to residual elements in the steel composition. Most common and effective residual element for hot shortness is copper. Copper in steel originates from the used scrap in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steelmaking. Decreased primary sources and environmental concerns with increased scrap output in the world make the recycling of steel inevitable. Copper segregates in the austenite grain boundaries during the annealing of steel prior to hot rolling. Liquified copper film decreases the grain cohesion between austenite grains and results in intergranular cracking by the force applied during the rolling. Detection of copper in microstructure is vital to understand mechanism of hot shortness. Common knowledge in the literature of hot shortness suggests that hot shortness mechanism consists of oxidation-segregation-decreased grain cohesion-crack route. In this study, detailed microstructure images of steel surfaces are discussed with optical and scanning electron microscopy examinations. Examined samples of hot shortness are collected from scientific experiments and industrial practice examples. Helpful techniques and etching agents for copper revelation in microstructure are evaluated and explained in this paper.

This paper proposes the optimization model using Artificial Immune Systems, depending on a model calibration, in order to determine worn out pipes with low Hazen-Williams roughness coefficient causing pressure loss in the water distribution networks. The modified Clonal Selection Algorithm, a type of Artificial Immune Systems, was used as a heuristic optimization method. In order to evaluate its performance, the model was implemented to the four-loop hypothetical water distribution network under steady-state conditions. According to the results, the model appeared to be promising in the detection of old pipes causing high pressure losses in the water distribution networks

Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings. This paper presents some Fuzzy Logic (FL) applications in civil engeering discipline and shows the potential of facilities of FL in this area. The potential role of fuzzy sets in analysing system and human uncertainty is investigated in the paper. The main finding of this inquiry is FL applications used in different areas of civil engeering discipline with success. Once developed, the fuzzy logic models can be used for further monitoring activities, as a management tool.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been highly popular in recent years and the number of scientific efforts on this useful manufacturing way has increased day by day. Up to now, the majority of the studies accumulated on the physical and mechanical properties of the three-dimensional (3D) printed specimens. In this paper, the impact properties of the additively manufactured polylactic acid (PLA) parts were addressed in detail. All specimens were manufactured by way of fused deposition modeling (FDM). After the manufacturing, hardness and surface roughness measurements were carried out to probe the effectiveness of the offered FDM technique. In order to detect impact features of the PLA specimens, Charpy v-notch impact tests were conducted and the influence of the notch angle was examined. As for the manufacturing parameters, the factor of infill density was altered and its effects on the impact behaviors of the specimens were established. Furthermore, micro and macro damage analyses were performed elaboratively on tested PLA specimens to comprehend the main mechanism of deformation better.

In this proposed study, hydrogen and power generation by low-temperature geothermal energy supported Kalina cycle is thermodynamically investigated with an energy and exergy efficiencies approaches. This combined plant includes a Kalina cycle and a PEM electrolysis for power and hydrogen generation. The key purpose of this paper is to generate power and hydrogen in an environmentally benign way. Furthermore, environmental impact analysis is discussed to investigate the carbon dioxide emission that will be released if the power and amount of hydrogen obtained are produced with natural gas. As coming to the examination results, the energy and exergy performance of the overall plant 7.94% and 37.64%, respectively. Also, the net power and hydrogen production rates are computed as 100.5 kW and 0.0001191 kgs-1.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study a function space A_(α,w)^(B,Y) (R^d ) to be a linear space of functions h∈L_w^1 (R^d ) whose fractional Fourier transforms F_α h belong to the Wiener-type space W(B,Y)(R^d ), where w is a Beurling weight function on R^d. We show that this space becomes a Banach algebra with the sum norm 〖‖h‖〗_(1,w)+〖‖F_α h‖〗_(W(B,Y)) and Θ convolution operation under some conditions. We find an approximate identity in this space and show that this space is an abstract Segal algebra with respect to L_w^1 (R^d ) under some conditions.

In this paper, a new probabilistic technique (a variant of Multiple Model Particle Filter-MMPF) will be used to predict time-series datasets. At first, the reliable performance of our method is proved using a virtual random scenario containing sixty successive days; a large difference between the predicted states and the real corresponding values arises on the second, third, and fourth day. The predicted states that are determined by using our method converge rapidly towards the real values while a classical linear model exhibits a large amount of divergence if used alone here. Then, the performance of our approach is compared with some other techniques that were already applied to the same time-series datasets: IEX (Istanbul Stock Exchange Index), TAIEX (Taiwan Stock Exchange), and ABC (The Australian Beer Consumption). The performance evaluation metrics that are utilized here are the correlation coefficient, the mean absolute percentage error, and the root mean squared error.

This paper proposes a hunger relief network based on crypto-currency and a hybrid mix of centralized and decentralized databases which is totally formed by the volunteers and donors and is out of control of centralized organizations. The centralized part of the database maintains non-sensitive information with less need to security features, mainly providing motivative information for donors and giving feedback to know that how their gifts were spent. The decentralized part of the design is based on a third-generation Distributed Ledger Technology which contains sensitive information of payments and receipts and flow of supply chain, which is designed to be fast, secure and fault tolerant.

The studies on design and design methods increased towards the end of the twentieth century in industrialized societies, however, the act of design started to be carried out with different auxiliary tools. The digital and algorithmic structure behind the computer has begun to provide the designer with different possibilities outside of the traditional drawing environment. After this period, the queries and discussions on the content of the design, its components, the intellectual process of the designer, and similar issues gradually increased. Within this scope, new theories and methods have emerged. In today's design, especially with digital technologies, transformations in theory and practice in the design process have brought new methods with them. Architects and designers have now become design tool developers rather than using use of the design tool. Based on this, the assistive tools that determine the current architectural design style is aimed to be explored in this paper. The study contributes to the field by (i) exploring these tools and their latent features, (ii) assessing the pros and cons of these tools, and (iii) last, implementing these design tools on the case studies.

In this paper, a Lyapunov based observer design is proposed to observe the load pressure of electro-hydraulic arm systems. The stability of the observer is investigated by using the Lyapunov based method. In the stability analysis, it is proven that the observer error converge to the vicinity of origin which can be adjusted to be arbitrarily small. The classical PID controller is used to control the position of the electro-hydraulic arm system and keep the system states bounded. The performance of the designed observer is evaluated by computational simulations which are conducted in MATLAB Simulink program. The performance of the observer is tested in two cases: i) noise free case and ii) noise case. In the noisy case, the state x_2 is exposed to the 30 dB additive white Gaussian noise. The computational simulation results are given to demonstrate that the proposed observer work efficiently in both noise free and noisy cases.

In this paper, household electricity load profile (LP) clustering problem is addressed. LP clustering analysis has been utilized as predicted end-user LPs for demand or supply management strategies to maintain the stability of the power systems. The consumption dynamics of the LPs are formed by the combinations of technical and social factors. Hence, discovering the dynamic patterns of the LPs has been a challenging problem. For this problem, we have offered successive applications of Sugeno fuzzy-logic (SFL) and self-organizing map neural network (SOMNN) techniques. Firstly, the data sets of the LPs are clustered by fuzzy logic approach by the reference models which are generated with the common family-types per persons. Then, considering the extra input of the weighted occupancy profiles, SOMNN is performed to improve the clustering result according to the dataset. The proposed strategy has been simulated by MATLAB® and the related results are presented.

Discovering sequential patterns in source codes is an important issue in software engineering since it can provide useful knowledge to help in a variety of tasks such as code completion, code refactoring, developer profiling, and code complexity measurement. This paper proposes a new framework, called Source Code Miner (SCodeMiner), which discovers frequent sequential rules within a software project. The proposed framework firstly transforms a Java code into a sequence data and then applies a sequential pattern mining (SPM) algorithm. This study is also original in that it compares four SPM algorithms in terms of computational time, including sequential pattern discovery using equivalence classes (SPADE), prefix-projected sequential pattern mining (PrefixSpan), bi-directional extension (BIDE+), and last position induction (LAPIN). The experiments that carried out on an open-source software project showed that the proposed SCodeMiner framework is an effective mining tool in identifying coding patterns.

Fuel-cell (FC) based electric vehicles (EVs) are promising to reduce the carbon footprint due to the transportation sector. FCs are environmentally friendly systems that generate electricity from hydrogen and oxygen. Unfortunately, FCs solely fail to meet the high power density requirements of EVs. Therefore, this paper presents a FC/battery/ultra-capacitor (UC) hybrid power system (HPS) for electric vehicle applications. In this work, the power conversion is realized employing a single dc-dc converter which is a multi-phase multi-input converter to offer a compact and efficient HPS. After analyzing the converter, a fuzzy-logic-based energy management strategy (EMS) is developed to limit the rate of change of FC and battery power levels and regulate the voltage of UC. Finally, the offered EMS has been evaluated thanks to simulation models of the converter and sources.

This paper presents a switch-mode single-phase boost-type AC-AC voltage regulator. The topology of the regulator needs only reduced numbers of components. Unlike the similar studies in the literature, a new hybrid control technique with a closed-loop PID controller and a novel developed feedforward controller is applied to the regulator that enhances the active tracking of the reference output voltage to obtain a higher quality of the sine-wave output voltage, when the input AC voltage is an ideal pure sine or including different harmonics levels. The proposed regulator with the proposed control technique is tested both by simulation and experimentally. The experimental set-up for the regulator is designed for 0.75 kW output power, 0-100 Vp input voltage (50 Hz), and 0-200 Vp output voltage. The results have shown that the proposed switch-mode boost type regulator is capable of obtaining the desired AC voltage with harmonics lower than 5% THD (total harmonic distortion) for different input/output parameters and different load conditions.

With the developing technology, the need for the dissemination and protection of information is becoming increasingly important. Recently, attacks on information systems have increased significantly. In addition to the rise in the number of attacks, attacks of different types pose a great threat to systems. As a result of these attacks, institutions and users suffer serious damages. At this point, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have a very important position. The pre-detection of these attacks on the systems and the preparation of the necessary reports can reduce the impact of the threats that may be encountered in the future. Recent studies are carried out so as to increase the performance of IDS. In this paper, classification was made using NSL-KDD dataset and SVM, KNN, Bayesnet, NavieBayes, J48 and Random Forest algorithms, and it was aimed to compare performance of these classifications by using WEKA. Consequently, it has been reached that the KNN algorithm had the best performance with an accuracy rate of 98.1237 %. In addition, the effect of increasing the number of folds and neighborhoods on the classification result has been examined comparatively.

Low-frequency oscillations due to unpredictable disturbances in an interconnected power grid are a serious threat to the stability of the power system. Reliable operation of a modern power system, when exposed to sudden disturbances, is crucial, and the safe operation of the system is directly related to success in damping oscillations. Power System Stabilizer (PSS) devices have been used to reduce fluctuations caused by short-time disturbances in power systems. These devices provide additional damping torque components to the generators as an auxiliary control device of the excitation system. Due to the non-linearity of electrical power systems, it is significant to design multi-machine power systems with optimum PSS parameters under critical conditions. In this paper, the PSS design problem was solved using the Runge Kutta Algorithm (RUN). The PSS design problem was considered an optimization problem in which an eigenvalue-based objective function has developed, and the proposed RUN method was tested in a WSCC 3-machine 9-bus test system using the linearized Heffron-Phillips model. In the linearized model, system stability has been enhanced by shifting the eigenvalues to the stability regions. When the results obtained from the test system are examined, it has seen that the proposed RUN is the most effective method in terms of system stability.

Let G be a finite group. An irreducible character χ is called monolithic when the factor group G/ker⁡(χ) has unique minimal normal subgroup. In this paper, we prove that for the smallest prime q dividing the order of G if G has a faithful imprimitive monolithic character of degree q, then G becomes a nonabelian q-group or a Frobenius group with cyclic Frobenius complement whose order is q. Under certain conditions, we also classify finite groups in which their nonlinear irreducible characters are monolithic.

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have received great interest in computer science, along with increased network productivity and security threats. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the incoming network traffic is normal or an attack based on 41 features in the NSL-KDD dataset. In this paper, the performance of a stacking technique for network intrusion detection was analysed. Stacking technique is an ensemble approach which is used for combining various classification methods to produce a preferable classifier. Stacking models were trained on the NSLKDD training dataset and evaluated on the NSLKDDTest+ and NSLKDDTest21 test datasets. In the stacking technique, four different algorithms were used as base learners and an algorithm was used as a stacking meta learner. Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Trees (DT), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) are the base learner models and Support Vector Machine (SVM) model is the meta learner. The proposed models were evaluated using accuracy rate and other performance metrics of classification. Experimental results showed that stacking significantly improved the performance of intrusion detection systems. The ensemble classifier (DT-LR-ANN + SVM) model achieved the best accuracy results with 90.57% in the NSLKDDTest + dataset and 84.32% in the NSLKDDTest21 dataset.

The use of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is increasing rapidly to meet the need to increase efficiency in variable speed drive systems used in the industry, in recent years. This paper aims to improve the speed control performance of the PMSM based systems. To achieve this, a PMSM speed controller is designed based on the conformable fractional order proportional integral (CFOPI) method. CFOPI controller coefficients kp, ki and γ are optimized using response surface method (RSM). To validate the success of the proposed scheme, the CFOPI controller and the integer order PI (IOPI) controller are tested under the same simulation model and the results are compared. The proposed method grants robust performance with less computational load then the classical fractional order controllers for variable referenced PMSM speed tracking systems. The CFOPI controller can be applied easily for industrial variable speed drive systems which is using PMSM to improve the performance and stability of the systems.

This paper investigated the effect of freezing-thawing and wetting-drying cycles on the strength and durability of clay soil stabilized with lime and marble powder. The test samples were prepared by adding 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of marble powder, without and with 6% lime to the soil which is a high plasticity clay (CH) according to the Unified Soil Classification System. Unconfined compressive strength tests were performed after 7 and 28 days of curing periods. The durability behavior of the samples was examined by applying freezing-thawing and wetting-drying cycles to the prepared samples. The results of this study show that the presence of marble powder in the soil mixture has an important role in the improvement of strength. An increase in the number of wetting-drying cycles does not decrease the volumetric stability of the samples stabilized with marble powder. The use of lime and marble powder together increased the strength values compared to the natural soil and the use of lime only. It was concluded that the co-use of lime and marble powder had a positive effect on the strength and durability behavior of high plasticity clayey soil.

This paper presents the production and results of optoelectronic characterization process for ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/Al organic solar cells (OSC). OSCs were produced in open air environment with various P3HT:PCBM active layer thicknesses of 70, 110, 140, 175 and 190 nm. The diode properties of the solar cells in the dark have been investigated by using current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The absorption characteristics have been investigated by using transmission spectroscopy, and optical band gap energy (Eg) for each sample has been calculated. Solar cell parameters for each solar cell has been investigated by using current density-voltage (J-V) measurements under AM 1.5 solar raditation, and important solar cell parameters have been calculated. It was observed that fill factor (FF) value of the solar cells increase between 0.3239 and 0.3409 with decreasing diode ideality factor (n) value. The highest value of PCE was found to be 0.59, which belongs to the cell having 140 nm P3HT:PCBM thickness.

Mesothelioma is pleura cancer that cause death in about one year after diagnosis. The disease causes pain and shortness of breath. Patients have a CT (Computed Tomography)-scan and lung x-ray traditionally, but the exact method is biopsy. There are also different biopsy methods for its diagnosis. Its prevalence is one or two in a million around the world, but for Turkey it is disastrous. Five hundred people are diagnosed as mesothelioma every year in Turkey. This serious rate makes early diagnosis systems crucial for mesothelioma. In this paper, a machine learning based early detection system has been proposed for this fatal disease. An open database is used for the experiments and different methods have been applied to the problem of diagnosing mesothelioma disease. Accuracy and sensitivity performance metrics were used for the evaluation of the methods. The results show the diagnostic performance of different machine learning methods and present a successful early diagnosis system.

This paper presents algebraic invariants and bifurcation analysis of a nonlinear financial system. We focus on the local stability of the equilibrium points of this system and find the suitable values of parameters for Hopf Bifurcation. Finally, we investigate the invariants to show the general behaviour.

Speech recognition is the capability of an appliance to analyze vocable and diction in a phonetic language and turn them into a machine comprehensible arrangement. It is an interdisciplinary subfield of linguistics, computer science and electrical engineering that establishes processes and techniques that understands and converts speech to text. This paper presents a convolutional neural network model for recognition of speech data.

Alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) were proposed as a novel probe design in electrochemical biosensors. This paper investigates the optimization of PNA probe by using two different concentrations of SAMs, immobilization temperature, and two-stage immobilization process. Alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers with PNA probe immobilization and cDNA (complementary DNA) hybridization were measured via AC voltammetry method. The small negative shift in formal potential (-17 mV) was occurred after cDNA hybridization at high ionic strength concentration.

This study was carried out with the objective to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of L-Tryptophan and Melatonin pretreatment on germination behavior of onion, leek, black carrot, and radish seeds exposed to saline stress. Seeds of samples were soaked for 24 hours in distilled water, 50,100, 150 ppm L-tryptophan, and 1.5, 3, and 4.5 µM melatonin solutions at 20° C in darkness. Seeds were placed in Petri dishes and watered to moisten the filter paper with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 150, 300 or 450 mM). The experiment was planned in a completely randomized design with four replications. Maximum germination percentage, germination index, time to complete 50% germination and mean germination time was measured at the end of the study. The results indicated that the effect of pre-treatment was significant on all studied traits in all species except for mean germination time for black carrot seeds. In addition, all germination parameters of seeds were delayed and decreased by salinity increasing from 0 mM to 450 mM NaCl. Overall, all doses of melatonin increased the maximum germination ratio and germination index values slightly under 300 mM NaCl stress conditions. In general, results which obtained from all doses of melatonin were close to each other, whereas increasing doses of L-tryptophan caused a negative effect in some cases.

Analytical design scheme of a Proportional Integral controllers for the stability and performance of second order plus time delay systems is presented in this paper. The method proposed in the study achieves general computation equations for mentioned systems. Inspired from the Bode’s ideal transfer function characteristics, gain crossover frequency and phase margin specifications are considered for the system. Then, these specifications are used to obtain the parameters of the controller. Analytically derived formulas by the proposed method are tested with existing plants in the literature and the results are illustrated graphically. It is shown that the tuning method satisfies desired gain crossover frequency and phase margin specifications.

This paper presents anti-urease and antibacterial activities of chloropheniramine maleat, paracetamol and clarithromycine. Antibacterial activity of the compounds was investigated against Salmonella enterica, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, Gordonia rubripertincta, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis. Moreover, anti-urease activity of the compounds was searched. All tested compounds demonstrated antibacterial action with varying degree except for chloropheniramine maleat. Chloropheniramine maleat, paracetamol and chlarithromycine exhibited higher activity than thiourea. The data obtained from the study, chloropheniramine maleate, paracetamol and clarithromycin are thought to be useful as new urease inhibitors and the present study should be supported by further studies. Furthermore, it is thought that paracetamol has antibacterial properties and therefore can be used as an alternative to antibiotics

In this paper, we consider one of the most known Fibonacci matrix Q and the Fibonacci quaternion matrix MQFn, where Qn is the n-th Fibonacci quaternion. In particular we define some new quaternion matrices. Our object is to derive some identities concerning Fibonacci and Lucas quaternions by using some new quaternion matrices with terms Fibonacci and Lucas numbers.

This paper proposes a new method for predicting genders from only fingerprints based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. The modelling tasks are achieved by capturing fingerprints, analyzing an obtained fingerprint part (for example cropping 5x5mm part from a fingerprint image), determining ridges crossed by the diagonal of the obtained fingerprint part automatically, finding the ridge counts, ridge thicknesses, average fingerprint ridge counts of individuals, combining these features in a model, preparing and setting the structure of it and finally testing the model. The results of proposed model have shown that the best model achieves the task within 72% accuracy.

In this paper, one and two-dimensional Cauchy problems based on an advection-diffusion equation with Conformable derivative are analysed. This constitutive equation is a natural result of the description of the diffusion coefficient and velocity field with temporally dependent power functions. The main aim of the present study is to find the analytical solutions of the revealed one and two-dimensional Cauchy problems. For this purpose, the fractional Laplace and the exponential Fourier integral transformations have been applied to obtain the analytical solutions. Correspondingly, the diffusive stresses have been computed by using some basic principles of classical elasticity theory. Some comparative interpretations have been made with the Caputo fractional advection-diffusion model to demonstrate the effect of the conformable derivative on the diffusion.

This paper presents the new occurence of the the red lionfish (Pterois volitans Linnaeus 1758). The lessepsian red lionfish Pterois volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Actinoptery: Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae), in the native Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, living alone on the hillside and around the coral reefs and rocky bottom layers, usually at depths of 0-50 m, is an invasive species for the Mediterranean. A male specimen of the red lionfish was caught alive by a commercial trawl fishing boat in the North-Eastern Mediterranean (Yeşilovacık Bay) (36°07'32.5"N 33°36'31.6"E) on 26 March 2017. This is the third record of P. volitans from the Mediterranean Sea basin. The present short communication reported the first record of P. volitans from Yeşilovacık Bay.

This paper presents solar based single phase grid connected inverter system. In such a system, DC-DC converter is both used to boost low PV panel voltage and ensures that the solar panel operates at maximum power while Full bridge inverter injects the maximum power from the solar panel to the grid. The system is reliable because it does not cause control complexity and also it is preferred to obtain a low THD (Total harmonic distortion). But, the main disadvantages of the converters such as a boost or a flyback type are limited voltage gain and low efficiency. In the proposed topology, the DC-DC converter with galvanic insulation and high voltage gain characteristics can connect a low-voltage solar panel to the grid. Simulation results are given for the system which inverts MPPT voltage range of 20-30 V DC to grid voltage of 220 V(rms) at power range of 60-300 W with a unity power factor.

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of strand configuration on stress distribution and debonding parameters of precast, pretensioned concrete girders after prestressing force is transferred from strands to concrete by bond at their interface. Determination of strand configuration is important as well as determination of number of strands because it affects stress distribution and debonding parameters of girders. The debonding of strands is an application in order to control the tensile and compressive stresses at the support zone of girder. One of the typical precast girder with 90 cm height is considered in this study. To determine the effect of strand configuration, nine girders with the same cross-section, effective span length and material properties but different strand configuration are selected as an application. Equal prestressing force is applied all strands simultaneously. Three dimensional finite element models (FEM) of girder are constituted using SAP 2000 software. At the end of the study, numerically identified stress distribution and calculated debonding parameters of girders compared with each other.

This paper presents technical properties of the cement-bonded particle boards produced with different types of woods. Cement-bonded particle board (CBPB) is a composite product that is produced by pressing a mixture of wooden particles (chips/flakes) and Portland cement as the binding agent and hydration additives. A comprehensive experimental research work was carried out to analyse the technical properties of the cement-bonded particle boards produced with the chip and flake components obtained from different types of woods. In this research, some technical parameters such as physical sizes, material matrix structures, wood-cement compatibility, mechanical strength and stability properties were examined. Some research findings are presented here and the effects of these parameters on the use of the product were also discussed.

In this study, current 3 dimensional printing technologies have been critically reviewed and most suitable printer technologies for tissue scaffold building used in bioprinting has been identified. The specifications of 3 dimensional printers appropriate for biomaterials used in building artificial tissue structures include the bioplotter’s ability to provide porosity, structural strength, smoothness and biodegradability conditions required for tissue engineering. The findings outlined in this paper can be useful to both academic and industry followers interested in bioprinting applications such as Scaffold Design and manufacturing by 3 Dimensional Printer Technologies.

In this study some fuzzy logic aplications in Construction Management (CM) discipline has been investigated. By this way tried to have an idea about the usifulness and practicability of fuzzy logic in the area of CM. For the aim of investigation of the fuzzy logic aplications’ provides in CM discipline; there have been made a literature invistigation on different sub-branches of CM. Because of CM is a very large area, this invistigations’ scope is determined on the some top quality journals’ papers in the Science Situation Index (SCI). Chosen researchs’ results from this investigations given in the text. It’s confirmed that the applications in this area before, scattered in four main categories, including: decision making, performance, evaluation/assessment; and modeling. Olso optimisation is another aim for using fuzzy logic.

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) consist of cheap sensors which transmit real time multimedia data to each other or to a sink. An audio and a visual information may exist in a single device. besides, WMSNs are able to store real time data after gathering it from several sensors. But since both the size of transferred data is big and the difficulties to reach the areas where WMSNs are used, network lifetime of WMSNs and their energy become a vital requirement. Using energy in an efficient way is also necessary for a network not to loose its functionality. What kind of solutions are considered in the literature for WMSNs and its analysis are given ın this paper. First, where the WMSNs are used is shortly mentioned and then, the studies related to energy efficiency are investigated.