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Abstract The prognostic indexes based on the combination of preoperative fibrinogen and systemic inflammatory indexes may have greater predictive value in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It was found that the predictive ability of F-NLR was more valuable than other systemic inflammatory indexes. The preoperative F-NLR score was closely related to the TNM stage, and could be used as an important independent prognostic index for patients with ESCC. Then the nomogram model constructed by F-NLR and TNM stage had higher prognostic ability than that of AJCC stage for ESCC patients. Preoperative F-NLR is a new independent prognostic index and a potential marker for treatment response monitoring in patients with ESCC.