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1. Euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia does not affect gastric emptying in Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus

Author

K. D. Buchanan, P. King, Michael Horowitz, R. B. Tattersall, P. E. Blackshaw, M.-F. Kong, E. Armstrong, Ian A. Macdonald, and Alan C. Perkins

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, Amyloid, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Hyperinsulinism, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Hyperinsulinemia, medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Ingestion, Protein Precursors, Infusions, Intravenous, Pancreatic hormone, Glycated Hemoglobin, Meal, C-Peptide, Gastric emptying, business.industry, Stomach, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Glucagon, medicine.disease, Peptide Fragments, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastric Emptying, Glucose Clamp Technique, Female, Cholecystokinin, business
Abstract

Hyperglycaemia slows gastric emptying in both normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus. The mechanisms mediating this effect, particularly the potential role of insulin, are uncertain. Hyperinsulinaemia has been reported to slow gastric emptying in normal subjects during euglycaemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia on gastric emptying in Type I (insulin-dependent) and Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. In six patients with uncomplicated Type I and eight patients with uncomplicated Type II diabetes mellitus, measurements of gastric emptying were done on 2 separate days. No patients had gastrointestinal symptoms or cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. The insulin infusion rate was 40 mU · m–2· min–1 on one day and 80 mU · m–2· min–1 on the other. Gastric emptying and intragastric meal distribution were measured using a scintigraphic technique for 3 h after ingestion of a mixed solid/liquid meal and results compared with a range established in normal volunteers. In both Type I and Type II patients the serum insulin concentration had no effect on gastric emptying or intragastric meal distribution of solids or liquids. When gastric emptying during insulin infusion rates of 40 mU · m–2· min–1 and 80 mU · m–2· min–1 were compared the solid T50 was 137.8 ± 24.6 min vs 128.7 ± 24.3 min and liquid T50 was 36.7 ± 19.4 min vs 40.4 ± 15.7 min in the Type I patients; the solid T50 was 94.9 ± 19.1 vs 86.1 ± 10.7 min and liquid T50 was 21.8 ± 6.9 min vs 21.8 ± 5.9 min in the Type II patients. We conclude that hyperinsulinaemia during euglycaemia has no notable effect on gastric emptying in patients with uncomplicated Type I and Type II diabetes; any effect of insulin on gastric emptying in patients with diabetes is likely to be minimal. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 365–372]

Published
1999
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2. Effect of euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal hormone responses in normal subjects

Author

P. E. Blackshaw, P. King, K. D. Buchanan, M.-F. Kong, R. B. Tattersall, E. Armstrong, Alan C. Perkins, and Ian A. Macdonald

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Amyloid, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Amylin, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Reference Values, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Hyperinsulinemia, Humans, Insulin, Protein Precursors, Infusions, Intravenous, Saline, Pancreatic hormone, Meal, Gastric emptying, C-Peptide, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Technetium, Pentetic Acid, medicine.disease, Glucagon, Peptide Fragments, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide, Endocrinology, Gastric Emptying, Glucose Clamp Technique, Radiopharmaceuticals, business
Abstract

Several studies have shown that hyperglycaemia slows gastric emptying in normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus but whether hyperinsulinaemia per se has an effect remains debatable. In the present study we have assessed the effect of hyperinsulinaemia on gastric emptying of a solid and liquid meal in normal subjects. Ten men were studied three times in random order. After an overnight fast, subjects were infused with 0.9 % NaCl on two occasions and on the third with insulin, at 40 mU · m−2· min−1 with 20 % glucose simultaneously to maintain euglycaemia. Steady-state glucose infusion rate was ensured before the subjects ate a standard meal of a pancake labelled with 99mTc and milkshake labelled with 111In-DTPA. Gamma-scintigraphic images were then obtained every 20 min for the next 3 h. There were no significant differences between the mean half-emptying times (T50) of the solid and liquid during the two saline infusions (129.6 ± 28.5 vs 128.4 ± 23.8 min for the solid and 25.4 ± 7.0 vs 34.7 ± 18.0 min for the liquid, mean ± SD). Hyperinsulinaemia delayed both solid (mean T50 149.6 ± 30.7, p = 0.031) and liquid emptying (mean T50 39.8 ± 13.9, p = 0.042). There were no significant differences in the cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide 1 responses to the meal during either saline or insulin infusions. There was a tendency towards a greater insulin response to the meal during the hyperinsulinaemic study. Thus, hyperinsulinaemia delayed emptying of both the solid and liquid components of the meal. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 474–481]

Published
1998

3. Gastrin and insulin release

Author

J. R. Hayes, K. D. Buchanan, and Joy Ardill

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Vagotomy, Postgastrectomy Syndromes, digestive system, Gastroenterology, Pyloroplasty, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, Internal medicine, Gastrins, Insulin Secretion, Pyloric Antrum, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Oral glucose, Pylorus, Gastrin, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Gastroenterostomy, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Endocrinology, Gastrectomy, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Gastrin and insulin levels following protein ingestion were measured in control subjects, in patients with vagotomy and pyloroplasty and in patients with vagotomy, antrectorny and gastroenterostomy. Peak gastrin levels preceded peak insulin levels, but no relationship between gastrin output and insulin output was found. The insulin response in patients with impaired gastrin release was similar to that seen in patients with normal gastrin release. Insulin levels after oral glucose in patients with malignant Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were similar to those in patients after gastrectomy, in spite of marked differences in gastrin level. These studies do not suggest that gastrin stimulates insulin release.

Published
1975
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4. Tenth Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes

Author

K. G. M. M. Alberti, J. Iversen, N. J. Christensen, A. Andersson, Claire Jarrousse, Arne Andersson, Claes Hellerström, D. Andreani, G. Tamburrano, S. Tamburrano, S. Gambardella, Joy Ardill, D. A. D. Montgomery, D. R. Hadden, R. Assan, J. R. Attali, A. Selmi, N. Bourdillat, E. Soufflet, J. R. Girard, J. S. Bajaj, G. S. Chinna, S. K. Garg, Baldev Singh, E. O. Balasse, M. A. Neef, W. Beischer, F. Melani, L. Keller, M. Hinz, A. Kroder, V. Maier, E. F. Pfeiffer, M. Bendayan, E. Sandborn, E. Rasio, D. Bensoussan, S. Levy-Toledano, P. Passa, J. Caen, M. Berger, M. N. Goodman, S. A. Hagg, N. B. Ruderman, J. Beyer, U. Cordes, H. Travniczek, W. Heider, K. Schöffling, J. Happ, H. Grimm, W. Pünchera, P. H. Althoff, A. Fröhlich, A. R. Bianco, R. H. Schwartz, B. S. Handwerger, P. J. Blackshear, P. A. H. Holloway, D. H. Williamson, L. Boquist, Bo Hellman, Åke Lernmark, Inge-Bert Täljedabl, P. Bottermann, U. Schweigart, Th. Zilker, W. Hansen, E. Brachet, C. Rogister, Y. Broer, P. Freychet, G. Rosselin, H. Brunengraber, F. Vertongen, M. Boutry, F. Camu, P. Christacopoulos, B. Karamanos, P. Papadimitriou, Ch. Kardatos, Niels Juel Christensen, Bent Neubauer, Jean Christophe, Jacques Winand, Jean Dehaye, G. S. Cuendet, E. G. Loten, B. Jeanrenaud, E. Davis, Ralph E. Yodaiken, L. Yanko, J. B. Herman, S. Duran Garcia, C. Jarrousse, J. Ditzel, Niels Peters Daugaard, Haakon Andersen, J. Egeberg, J. Nerup, O. O. Andersen, H. Kromann, G. Bendixen, J. E. Poulsen, E. Eschwege, S. Falkmer, S. O. Emdin, N. Havu, L. Winbladh Biuw, F. Sundby, J. F. Cutfield, S. M. Cutfield, G. G. Dodson, J. D. Peterson, D. F. Steiner, F. Fallucca, G. Menzinger, M. Iavicoli, G. Federspil, C. de Palo, E. Zago, D. Casara, M. Zaccaria, C. Scandellari, J. -P. Felber, G. Magnenat, B. Curchod, Ph. Pittet, N. Lytras, R. Müller-Hess, C. A. Geser, E. Jéquier, R. W. J. Flanagan, K. D. Buchanan, R. F. Murphy, Ivar Fölling, M. Fromantin, J. Freyria, F. Bressac, W. Geisthövel, U. Niedergerke, K. D. Morgner, B. Willms, H. J. Mitzkat, K. F. Gey, E. Bühler, P. Sommer, H. Georgi, H. Lengsfeld, D. Ghiea, E. Costiner, L. Simionescu, M. Oprescu, V. Grill, E. Cerasi, H. J. G. Gundersen, A. Gutman, J. Adler, D. Bar-Or, A. Gutzeit, B. Guy-Grand, B. Bigorie, Erik Gylfe, Lars-Åke Idahl, Margit Hamosh, Paul Hamosh, Adrian Hart, H. Cohen, J. M. Thorp, C. J. Hedeskov, K. Capito, B. Forruby, J. C. Henquin, A. B. Lambert, A. E. Lambert, K. D. Hepp, R. Renner, H. U. Häring, H. Mehnert, W. Kemmler, G. Löffler, A. Herchuelz, M. Mahy, Emilip Herrera, J. Garcia-Rafanell, J. Morell, Ch. Heuclin, B. H. Hicks, C. I. Taylor, S. K. Vij, S. Pek, R. F. Knopf, J. C. Floyd, S. S. Fajans, T. D. R. Hockaday, J. M. Hockaday, J. I. Mann, R. C. Turner, A. J. Honour, Y. Ikeda, S. Saito, Y. Matsuura, N. Obayashi, Y. Morimoto, T. Sano, M. Abe, R. Jacouot, J. M. Felix, C. Legrele, M. -Th. Sutter-Dub, B. Ch. J. Sutter, L. Kammerer, J. Fehér, J. Lévai, R. Dénes, M. Stützel, I. Balázsi, I. Láng, L. Littmann, C. Karakash, F. Assimacopoulos, N. Katsilambros, G. Papadopoulos, D. Varonos, G. Daikos, H. Keen, R. J. Jarrett, J. H. Fuller, N. H. K. Kiesselbach, W. Puls, U. Keup, Ryuichi Kikkawa, D. Duvillard, M. Ravazzola, W. Stauffacher, J. Köbberling, R. Kattermann, J. Kobberling, W. Creutzfeldt, Eva M. Kohner, A. M. Hamilton, G. F. Joplin, R. K. Blach, T. R. Fraser, H. J. Kolb, L. Weiss, O. H. Wieland, A. Korn, W. Waldhäusl, J. Bonelli, D. Magometsohnigg, G. Hitzenberger, Robert C. Kramp, G. J. Kremer, W. Atzpodien, B. Schnellbacher, B. Krug, P. Mialhe, R. Gross, R. Landgraf, M. Landgraf-Leurs, M. Klingenburg, I. Melamed, R. Hörl, István Láng Jun, László Littmann, Mária Stützel, Imre Balázsi, Derek R. Langslow, Keith D. Buchanan, Barry M. Freeman, Meir Berezin, I. Mincu, C. Dumitrescu, C. Ionescu-Tirgoviste, N. Mihalache, D. Boboia, J. Stanescu, E. Ghise-Beer, St. Georgescu, I. Bruckner, I. Popa, M. Muggeo, A. Tiengo, D. Padovan, M. Molinari, Walter A. Müller, and Geoffrey W. G. Sharp

Subjects
Gerontology, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Association (object-oriented programming), Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Human physiology, medicine.disease, business
Published
1974
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5. Secretin and insulin: Response to intraduodenal acid

Author

F. A. O'Connor, M. Shahidullah, K. D. Buchanan, and J. J. Connon

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Duodenum, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Scopolamine, Endogeny, Secretin, Dogs, Internal medicine, Insulin response, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Insulin, Gastric Juice, Intestinal Secretions, urogenital system, business.industry, Vagus Nerve, Peripheral blood, Peripheral, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Duodenal Ulcer, Premedication, business, Pancreas
Abstract

Immunoreactive secretin (IRS) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels were measured in humans and dogs following the intraduodenal instillation of hydrochloric acid. IRS levels rose after acid in both instances, but a concomitant rise in peripheral IRI levels was not noted. Premedication of the humans with Scopolamine prevented a rise of IRS in the human subjects. It is concluded that the endovenous release of IRS alone does not result in increased IRI levels in peripheral blood and that IRS release may be under vagal control.

Published
1976
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6. Fourth Annual Meeting of the European Association for the study of diabetes

Author

M. E. Abrams, D. R. Boyns, J. R. Crossley, R. J. Jarrett, H. Keen, D. Andreani, G. Menzinger, F. Fallucca, A. Alibebti, G. Tamburrane, D. Andreev, S. Ditzov, G. Dashev, D. Strashimirov, A. Appels, B. Willms, H. D. Söling, V. H. Asfeldt, Gh. Bacanu, B. Bakker, F. H. Roerdink, P. R. Bouman, A. Coert, N. M. V. Jaspers, L. Barta, R. Beckmann, W. Berger, A. Beringer, G. Geyer, H. Mösslacher, K. H. Tragl, W. Waldhäusl, J. Beyer, K. Schöffling, H. Ditschuneit, S. Raptis, E. Wolf, E. Güntert, E. F. Pfeiffer, N. Bilic, J. P. Felber, K. Bojanowicz, A. Zubowski, Z. Rybarczyk, C. Bonessa, L. Cremonini, B. Borrebaek, Ø. Spydevold, P. Botterman, P. Dieterle, P. C. Scriba, K. Schwarz, B. J. Boucher, K. Mashiter, L. Stimmler, F. Vince, P. Walters, T. R. Csorba, W. J. H. Butterfield, M. J. Whichelow, A. R. Boyns, R. Mahler, N. Pearce, B. Bruni, V. Büber, J. -P. Felber, A. Vannotti, K. D. Buchanan, J. E. Vance, K. Dinstl, R. H. Williams, B. D. Cox, N. M. Cohen, D. P. Alexander, H. G. Britton, D. A. Nixon, R. A. Parker, L. Cegrell, G. W. Chance, E. C. Albutt, C. Chlouverakis, P. White, N. Juel Christensen, G. Contesse, G. Pathé, J. Crabbé, J. Scarlata, G. Crepaldi, M. Muggeo, A. Tiengo, G. Enzi, G. Federspil, A. Trisotto, A. Czyżyk, A. Gregor, A. Dawidowicz, M. de Gasparo, Che. Malherbe, K. Thomas, J. J. Hoet, I. De Leeuw, M. Dérot, M. Rathery, G. Rosselin, James G. Devlin, Marion Duggan, U. C. Dubach, I. Forgò, R. Fellin, H. Muggeo, S. B. Fagerberg, A. Axelsson, S. Fankhauser, B. Morell, K. Federlin, H. -D. Flad, D. Kriegbaum, D. A. Rivier, E. Fellmann, D. Glaubitt, U. Hönlinger, I. Ulrich, K. Wulff, H. Förster, K. Brauch, H. Mehnert, F. Dittmar, H. Frerichs, W. Creutzfeldt, G. Fbeytag, W. Schabschmidt, G. Klöppel, Denise Friedler, J. P. Benhamou, J. Lubetzki, E. Azerad, A. Gnudi, C. Coscelli, V. Palmari, G. Valenti, U. Btttturini, F. Gomez, L. Guidoux-Grassi, J. Maerki, R. Guidoux, J. J. Groen, D. Grüneklee, H. Liebermeister, W. H. Schilling, H. G. Solbach, L. Herberg, H. Daweke, B. Guy-Grand, M. Tutin, H. Bour, D. R. Hadden, J. M. G. Harley, D. A. D. Montgomery, J. S. Mackay, Lise G. Heding, C. Hellerström, H. Stork, S. Westman, F. H. Schmidt, C. F. Boehringer, Söhne GmbH, Dieter Hepp, David R. Challoner, Robert H. Williams, M. Berger, F. A. Gries, H. Preiss, K. Jahnke, J. B. Herman, A. Keynam, D. M. Hill, A. D. Munro-Faure, J. Anderson, Z. Horn, A. Jakob, R. E. Humbel, U. Buxtorf, E. R. Froesch, N. S. Track, A. Kaeding, H. Karmann, P. Mialhe, H. Kasemir, U. Paulus, S. Steinhilber, L. Kerp, E. M. Kohner, N. W. Oakley, T. Russell Fraser, and J. Kühnau

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Association (object-oriented programming), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Human physiology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Family medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, business, 030304 developmental biology
Published
1968
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7. Seventh Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study Of Diabetes Southampton, England, September 15–17, 1971 Abstacts, Part 1

Author

H. Bibergeil, W. J. H. Butterfield, F. Fallucca, H. Brunengraber, M. J. Munday, Eveline Eschwège, M. Hinz, J. Rogers, O. Richter, J. Hanoune, B. Jeanrenaud, Kjell Asplund, H. Laube, G. Stirati, G. Ghirlanda, C. Dumitrescu, Aa. Hein Christiansen, I. Pencev, L. Nye, S. Ditzov, Claes Hellerström, L. Bodic, V. Gligore, G. Brooser, I. Mastrogiacomo, K. W. Taylor, R. Franchi, R. Fussgänger, L. Stoichescu, Y. Vierne, B. Charbonnel, L. Sjöström, J. Girard, E. Jéquier, U. Fischer, George E, O. Alpi, G. C. Gazzola, M. Austoni, G. Ballerio, F. K. Jansen, G. Chiumello, G. G. Guidotti, J. G. Mills, L. Baldet, Elizabeth Mayne, S. Munkgaard Rasmussen, G. Tamburrano, P. Zöfel, A. Luyckx, M. Carnelutti, U. Cordes, H. Hommel, J. P. Felber, R. Luft, Aa. Vø und, F. Mira, V. Chabot, I. Calusera, S. Frezzato, J. Guillon, J. Terpstra, R. Michael, Brigitte Ziegler, L. Anghelescu, Ernst-Friedrich Pfeiffer, Aa. Vølund, S. Nistrup Madsen, M. Miclutia, S. E. Brolin, G. Freytag, J. Linde, W. D. Gassel, A. Fernandez-CruzJr., M. Ionesou, W. Creutzfeldt, A. Hegedüs, U. Deuticke, J. B. Attali, J. F. Biebuyck, L. Kerp, Gh. Bacanu, J. J. Connon, H. Fiedler, K. E. Schröder, G. Fedeli, N. Katsilambros, S. K. Varma, K. G. M. M. Alberti, Günter Klöppel, E. Napoli, Margaret J. Whichelow, G. A. Cinotti, B. Bierens de Haan, M. J. del Guercio, B. Bruni, G. Tchobroutsky, G. Perry, N. Mosora, L. Papoz, M. Bolea-Feldman, K. D. Hepp, N. Sicolo, F. A. Gries, G. Cavazzini, A. Fernandes-CruzJr., D. Bal, A. C. Asmal, M. Ziegler, Beyer J, J. Lawecki, D. Grüneklee, H. Daweke, Barbara Rudas, J. J. Turner, B. Schröder, K. D. Buchanan, G. Sell, K. Mylarch, T. Holan, E. Capra, S. Fankhauser, E. O. Baiasse, E. Bruck, C. Creutzfeldt, F. Belfiore, J. M. Warnet, S. Campeami, G. Menzinger, L. Olteanu, K. Bojanowicz, J. A. Weaver, T. Fekete, L. Herberg, O. Wieland, M. Varma, V. Turcanu, John Edwards, F. Gomez, M. Rathery, Y. Abdel Rahman, S. J. H. Ashcroft, C. J. Vardey, T. Deckert, P. Lefebvre, D. Andreani, M. Zaccaria, N. Sieolo, Raimundo Goberna, D. P. M. Howells, D. Andreev, B. Karamanos, F. Nistor, S. W. Cushman, Hung Cheng, J. J. Heindel, G. Piemonte, Jean Franckson, R. R. de Mowbray, W. Guder, B. D. Cox, Etienne Brachet, L. Boquist, W. Stauffacher, T. Beraru, M. Luque Otero, N. Krall, J. Hahn, Ch. Rouiller, L. Sirskov, V. Maier, L. Orci, C. Lopiz-Quijada, C. Coscelli, W. G. Whyte, W. Rippel, V. Büber, J. Fövenyi, A. Gnudi, V. Palmari, R. K. Blach, P. W. Adams, J. Iversen, A. J. Valleron, P. Ronchi, H. Rogala, E. Goth, Niels Juel Christensen, J. G. Devlin, U. Keller, H. Keen, R. Leclercq, D. P. Cameron, C. Geldermans, J. Kuti, F. Assimacopoulos, R. A. Jackson, Åke Lernmark, E. Jutzi, N. W. Oakley, H. Schatz, J. P. Aboulker, J. L. Richard, L. Campeanu, R. A. Bacchus, R. Assan, A. Serban, S. J. Heaney, I. De Leeuw, R. Fenici, R. S. Walker, M. Amherdt, A. Z. Middelheim, D. Casara, L. Lo Vecchio, H. M. J. Krans, J. M. Bassett, L. B. Martin, N. S. Track, J. Sehlin, J. Mirouze, E. Cerasi, George Gross, T. Clausen, R. M. Buckle, A. Aynsley-Green, B. Hellman, U. Advani, D. Pometta, L. Barta, V. V. Pipilian, U. Heink, E. Rattenhuber, R. Arnold, S. Efendic, H. Kaffarnik, Christian Berne, A. Kaeding, S. R. Bloom, S. D. Garner, V. Wynn, C. A. Geser, A. V. Greco, S. Triggs, G. C. Reffo, C. Jafflol, W. J. H. Butterfieid, D. R. Hadden, H. J. Hahn, R. Vanroux, C. De Palo, G. Federspil, L. G. Meade, Henri Ooms, D. Ancreev, Mária Judit Molnár, U. Birk Lauridsen, I. B. Täljedal, P. Björntorp, J. Michl, B. Petersson, A. Czyzyk, R. J. Jarrett, S. Steinhilber, D. R. London, J. R. Scherrer, O. Förster, G. Gambassi, Schöffling K, H. Frerichs, D. A. D. Montgomery, E. Saibene, M. Javicoli, J. Hessing, M. Szadkowski, W. H. Davies, N. Tarkolev, P. J. Randle, C. Scandellari, and E. R. Froesch

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Human physiology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Family medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Optometry, business, 030304 developmental biology
Published
1971
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8. British Diabetic Association Abstracts Medical and Scientific Section, Spring Meeting

Author

Margaret G. Kemball, N. Pearce, E. C. Albutt, T. D. R. Hockaday, A. D. Weight, D. A. D. Montgomery, D. A. Boyns, David Sohiff, C. N. Hales, A. N. Rigas, E. H. Ahrens, R. J. Jarrett, N. W. Oakley, N. Campbell, F. Heller, A. Morgan, T. Russell Fraser, M. Hartog, S. Dayton, James G. Devlin, K. W. Taylor, A. H. Jones, J. S. Keates, John B. O'Sullivan, M. Kaden, A. T. Bevan, R. D. M. Scott, H. Keen, D. R. Hadden, C. J. Garratt, W. B. Robertson, G. W. Chance, C. Chlouverakis, M. A. Qureshi, D. S. Robinson, R. C. F. Catterall, D. A. Nixon, Norman S. Track, P. D. Bewsher, W. J. H. Butterfield, J. P. Bingle, M. L. Peterson, F. I. Caird, D. Pauline Alexander, C. J. Bulpitt, J. M. Bridges, M. L. Pearce, L. E. M. Miles, K. D. Buchanan, A. J. Matty, J. Roth, B. E. Mayne, J. Peel, W. G. Oakley, G. F. Joplin, S. Oleesky, J. Hirsch, C. Malherbe, M. T. McKiddie, P. I. Adnitt, J. B. Field, J. W. Farquhar, N. M. Cohen, J. E. Vance, R. H. Williams, Christopher Nourse, W. Stoffel, E. M. Kohner, C. T. Dollery, H. Schnieden, J. J. Hoet, A. R. Boyns, K. J. Kingsbury, G. Hardwick, Ray Tiernan, K. L. Manchester, D. A. Pyke, R. A. Parker, Nuala Stephenson, J. M. Stowers, A. Bittles, R. Jelfs, R. Mahler, H. G. Britton, J. A. Weaver, S. Hashimoto, and M. de Gasparo

Subjects
geography, History, geography.geographical_feature_category, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Section (typography), Spring (hydrology), Internal Medicine, Ancient history
Published
1968
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9. Insulin clearance by the isolated perfused livers of insulin deficient rats

Author

K. D. Buchanan and A. M. McCarroll

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Liver perfusion, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, In Vitro Techniques, Streptozocin, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Insulin, Chemistry, Streptozotocin, medicine.disease, Rats, Perfusion, Blood insulin, Liver metabolism, Endocrinology, Liver, Starvation, medicine.drug, Hormone
Abstract

The ability of the liver to metabolise insulin in response to varying blood insulin levels was studied using normally fed, starved and streptozotocin diabetic rats. Insulin clearance by the livers of fasted and diabetic rats was significantly increased compared with normal fed controls. Administration of insulin to diabetic animals prior to liver perfusion, or an increase in the concentration of the hormone in the perfusion medium used for normal livers resulted in a significant decrease in clearance. The percentage uptake of insulin during single passage through the livers of starved and diabetic animals was significantly greater than normal.

Published
1973
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10. British Diabetic Association Medical and Scientific Section, Spring Meeting Abstracts

Author

R. Coulson, K. R. L. Mansford, W. Montague, Catanzaro R, D. C. James, A. E. Stocks, J. A. Roth, Anne Beloff-Chain, G. Chlouverakis, D. P. G. Bolton, R. J. Jarreit, J. D. N. Nabarro, C. Chlouverakis, David Pyke, Harry Keen, W. J. H. Butterfield, Peter H. Sönksen, H. S. Russell, M. K. Jasani, K. Mashiter, S. L. Howell, R. H. Shephard, Peter J. Watkins, R. D. G. Milner, J. P. Ellis, C. N. Hales, K. W. Taylor, E. B. Chain, M.J. Whichelow, M. T. McKiddie, A. Rutherford, K. D. Buchanan, F. I. R. Martin, M. J. Solonons, M.E. Abrams, C. W. Baird, J. R. Anderson, J. A. Boyle, and N. Mayne

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Spring (hydrology), Section (typography), Internal Medicine, Medicine, Library science, Optometry, business, Meeting Abstracts
Published
1967
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11. The normal insulin response to glucose

Author

M T McKiddie and K D Buchanan

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Blood sugar, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Oral glucose tolerance, Oral glucose, Aged, Immunoassay, Glucose tolerance test, medicine.diagnostic_test, Chemistry, Normal insulin, Fasting, Glucose Tolerance Test, Middle Aged, Control subjects, Endocrinology, Female, Plasma insulin
Abstract

Plasma insulin values during a 50 g. oral glucose tolerance test were measured by immuno-assay in 34 control subjects. Peak insulin levels occurred within the first 60 minutes and the fasting level was approached by 120 minutes. The insulin curve closely resembled the blood sugar curve and a significant correlation was found between the blood sugar and plasma insulin values at 60, 90 and 120 minutes after oral glucose. The results suggest that the wide range in plasma insulin response is due in part at least to variations in the blood sugar. The results also tend to confirm that immuno-reactive insulin is biologically significant.

Published
1967
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12. A histological study of intrasplenic transplanted neonatal rat pancreas and of adjacent adipose tissue proliferation

Author

James M. Sloan, I. G. Banks, and K. D. Buchanan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Insulin Antibodies, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Radioimmunoassay, Adipose tissue, Enteroendocrine cell, Biology, Glucagon, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Pancreatic polypeptide, Pancreas, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Islet, Rats, Transplantation, Microscopy, Electron, surgical procedures, operative, medicine.anatomical_structure, Somatostatin, Endocrinology, Adipose Tissue, Animals, Newborn, Pancreas Transplantation, Spleen
Abstract

Proliferation of adipose tissue adjacent to intrasplenic transplants of whole isogeneic neonatal rat pancreas has consistently been noted. In this study over a period of 18 months there was a progressive increase in the amount of fatty tissue in the vicinity of surviving transplants. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide within islet cells in long term grafts. Electron microscopy demonstrated a close association between islets and lipid droplets. Ductal elements within the transplants survived and showed close association with endocrine cells, but exocrine pancreatic tissue degenerated rapidly. Radioimmunoassay of extracts from surviving transplants in isogeneic rats confirmed the presence of high levels of insulin and glucagon after transplantation. In contrast, allogeneic intrasplenic transplants of rat pancreas failed to survive and showed no evidence of adipose tissue proliferation. Furthermore, isogeneic intrasplenic transplants of both adult rat fat and adrenal gland also failed to demonstrate adipocyte proliferation. It would appear that the presence of both adipocytes and pancreatic endocrine cells, particularly B cells, are required for the proliferation of adipocytes at the graft site.

Published
1982
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14. Failure of fasting to influence the GIP response to oral glucose in non-obese human subjects

Author

K. G. M. M. Alberti, W. J. Andrews, K. D. Buchanan, M. J. Alam, and R. W. Henry

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Peptide hormone, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, Oral administration, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Humans, Insulin, Medicine, Oral glucose, Glucose tolerance test, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fasting, Metabolism, Glucose Tolerance Test, Kinetics, Endocrinology, Basal (medicine), Female, business
Abstract

The plasma GIP response to an oral 50 g glucose tolerance test has been compared in eight non-obese human subjects after 12 and 36 h of fasting. Basal plasma GIP and basal plasma insulin concentrations were similar after 12 and 36 h of fasting. Basal blood glucose was lower after 36 h fasting than after 12 h fasting (p less than 0.0125). After 36 h fasting the oral glucose tolerance test stimulated higher blood glucose concentrations at 60, 90 and 120 min (p less than 0.0125) and higher plasma insulin concentrations at similar time points (p less than 0.05), but stimulated plasma GIP concentrations were similar after 12 and 36 h fasts. These findings show that the increased insulinotrophic effect of oral glucose after 36 h fasting in non-obese subjects is not due to an associated augmentation of the glucose-induced GIP response.

Published
1983
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15. The effect of intensive dietary therapy on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: A prospective study

Author

L. Kennedy, K. Walshe, J A Weaver, K. D. Buchanan, and D. R. Hadden

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, chemistry.chemical_compound, Weight loss, Internal medicine, Diet, Diabetic, Diabetes Mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, Prospective Studies, Dietary therapy, Prospective cohort study, Triglycerides, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, Triglyceride, business.industry, Cholesterol, Body Weight, Cholesterol, HDL, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, chemistry, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.symptom, Lipoproteins, HDL, business, Lipid profile
Abstract

Intensive dietary therapy in 57 newly diagnosed Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients led to an increase, compared with pre-treatment levels, in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the HDL/total cholesterol ratio after 3 and 6 months (0.05 less than p less than 0.1). The increase in HDL cholesterol was related to the degree of weight loss achieved. In 28 patients whose weight decreased by greater than or equal to 10% average body weight during the 6 months, HDL cholesterol rose from 1.22 +/- 0.06 to 1.36 +/- 0.06 mmol/l (p less than 0.001), whereas patients who lost less weight showed no significant increase in HDL cholesterol. The increase in mean serum HDL-cholesterol levels in female patients was associated with a mean weight reduction of 12.1% average body weight. Patients who were obese at diagnosis lost more weight during the study than non-obese patients (mean 13.2 versus 5.6% average body weight), and showed a significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol levels. We conclude that intensive dietary therapy may lead to a less atherogenic lipid profile in Type 2 diabetes, particularly in patients who achieve a major weight reduction.

Published
1982
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16. Plasma insulin studies in patients with lag curves

Author

K. D. Buchanan, M. T. McKiddie, and R. T. A. Scott

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Radioimmunoassay, Blood sugar, Biology, Carbohydrate metabolism, Vagotomy, Insulin resistance, Gastrectomy, Glycosuria, Internal medicine, Insulin response, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, In patient, Aged, Glucose tolerance test, medicine.diagnostic_test, Body Weight, Age Factors, Glucose Tolerance Test, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Plasma insulin
Abstract

The significance of the lag curve, i.e. one in which the blood sugar rises rapidly from a normal fasting value to more than 180 mg/100 ml but returns to the fasting value within 120 min, remains controversial. In order to study this further, plasma insulin levels were measured by immunoassay during oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests in 3 groups of age/weight matched subjects: Group 1, 14 with unexplained lag curves: Group 2, 14 with lag curves following gastric surgery and Group 3, 14 normal subjects. The mean insulin levels were higher in Group 1 than in Group 3 but the hyperglycaemic stimulus was greater. The insulin response in Group 2 did not differ significantly from the controls. The mean blood sugar curves were similar in Groups 1 and 2, but despite this the insulin response was significantly prolonged in Group 1, suggesting a degree of insulin resistance or antagonism. In the intravenous test 2 patients from each of Groups 1 and 2 had aK value in the diabetic range. The meanK value was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. Both groups showed a similar rather low insulin response.

Published
1970

17. Physiological factors influencing insulin clearance by the isolated perfused rat liver

Author

K. D. Buchanan and A. M. McCarroll

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Radioimmunoassay, In Vitro Techniques, Body weight, Sex Factors, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Insulin, Isolated liver, Adult female, business.industry, Body Weight, Age Factors, Half-life, Fasting, Organ Size, Rats, Perfusion, Endocrinology, Liver, Rat liver, Female, business, Half-Life
Abstract

Hepatic insulin clearance was studied in normal male and female Wistar rats using the isolated liver perfusion technique and the dextran coated charcoal radioimmunoassay for insulin. The following results were obtained: — 1. In male rats there was a progressive increase in clearance with increasing body weight, liver weight and age. — 2. In adult female rats clearance was significantly greater than in comparable males, but no relationship between liver weight and clearance was observed. — 3. With each increase in insulin concentration there was an apparent decrease in clearance.

Published
1973

18. Book reviews

Author

H. �rskov, P. Petrides, K. Lundb�k, K. D. Buchanan, S. Howell, and A. Bloom

Subjects
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Internal Medicine
Published
1978
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