38 results on '"Colhoun H."'
Search Results
2. Effect of atorvastatin on stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes: factors predicting the risk of stroke in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS)
- Author
-
Hitman, G, Newman, C, Szarek, M, Colhoun, H, Betteridge, J, Durrington, P, Neil, A, Livingstone, S, Fuller, J, and Investigators, CARDS
- Published
- 2005
3. The methylglyoxal-derived AGE tetrahydropyrimidine is increased in plasma of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in atherosclerotic lesions and is associated with sVCAM-1
- Author
-
van Eupen, M. G. A., primary, Schram, M. T., additional, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Hanssen, N. M. J., additional, Niessen, H. W. M., additional, Tarnow, L., additional, Parving, H. H., additional, Rossing, P., additional, Stehouwer, C. D. A., additional, and Schalkwijk, C. G., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes: what is ‘double diabetes’ and what are the risks?
- Author
-
Cleland, S. J., primary, Fisher, B. M., additional, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Sattar, N., additional, and Petrie, J. R., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Common variant in the HMGA2 gene increases susceptibility to nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
- Author
-
Alkayyali, S., primary, Lajer, M., additional, Deshmukh, H., additional, Ahlqvist, E., additional, Colhoun, H., additional, Isomaa, B., additional, Rossing, P., additional, Groop, L., additional, and Lyssenko, V., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A gene variant near ATM is significantly associated with metformin treatment response in type 2 diabetes: a replication and meta-analysis of five cohorts
- Author
-
van Leeuwen, N., primary, Nijpels, G., additional, Becker, M. L., additional, Deshmukh, H., additional, Zhou, K., additional, Stricker, B. H. C., additional, Uitterlinden, A. G., additional, Hofman, A., additional, van ’t Riet, E., additional, Palmer, C. N. A., additional, Guigas, B., additional, Slagboom, P. E., additional, Durrington, P., additional, Calle, R. A., additional, Neil, A., additional, Hitman, G., additional, Livingstone, S. J., additional, Colhoun, H., additional, Holman, R. R., additional, McCarthy, M. I., additional, Dekker, J. M., additional, ’t Hart, L. M., additional, and Pearson, E. R., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The use of metformin in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review of efficacy
- Author
-
Vella, S., primary, Buetow, L., additional, Royle, P., additional, Livingstone, S., additional, Colhoun, H. M., additional, and Petrie, J. R., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Apolipoproteins, cardiovascular risk and statin response in type 2 diabetes: the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS)
- Author
-
Charlton-Menys, V., primary, Betteridge, D. J., additional, Colhoun, H., additional, Fuller, J., additional, France, M., additional, Hitman, G. A., additional, Livingstone, S. J., additional, Neil, H. A. W., additional, Newman, C. B., additional, Szarek, M., additional, DeMicco, D. A., additional, and Durrington, P. N., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A genetic link between type 2 diabetes and prostate cancer
- Author
-
Frayling, T. M., primary, Colhoun, H., additional, and Florez, J. C., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Risk of myocardial infarction in men and women with type 2 diabetes in the UK: a cohort study using the General Practice Research Database
- Author
-
Mulnier, H. E., primary, Seaman, H. E., additional, Raleigh, V. S., additional, Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., additional, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Lawrenson, R. A., additional, and de Vries, C. S., additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Risk of stroke in people with type 2 diabetes in the UK: a study using the General Practice Research Database
- Author
-
Mulnier, H. E., primary, Seaman, H. E., additional, Raleigh, V. S., additional, Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., additional, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Lawrenson, R. A., additional, and De Vries, C. S., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. All-cause mortality rates in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with a non-diabetic population from the UK general practice research database, 1992–1999
- Author
-
Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., primary, Fuller, J. H., additional, Mulnier, H. E., additional, Raleigh, V. S., additional, Lawrenson, R. A., additional, and Colhoun, H. M., additional
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Trends in hypertension management in Type I diabetes across Europe, 1989/1990 ? 1997/1999
- Author
-
Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., primary, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Abrahamian, H., additional, Chan, N. N., additional, Mangili, R., additional, Reboldi, G. P., additional, Fuller, J. H., additional, and the EURODIAB Prospective Complicati, �, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Differences in HDL-cholesterol:apoA-I + apoA-II ratio and apoE phenotype with albuminuric status in Type I diabetic patients
- Author
-
Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., primary, Colhoun, H. M., additional, Taskinen, M.-R., additional, Idzior-Walus, B., additional, and Fuller, J. H., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Nitric oxide and vascular responses in Type I diabetes
- Author
-
Chan, N. N., primary, Vallance, P., additional, and Colhoun, H. M., additional
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Type 2 diabetes, socioeconomic status and risk of cancer in Scotland 2001-2007.
- Author
-
Walker, J., Brewster, D., Colhoun, H., Fischbacher, C., Leese, G., Lindsay, R., McKnight, J., Philip, S., Sattar, N., Stockton, D., and Wild, S.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The objective of this study was to use Scottish national data to assess the influence of type 2 diabetes on the risk of cancer at 16 different sites, while specifically investigating the role of confounding by socioeconomic status in the diabetes-cancer relationship. Methods: All people in Scotland aged 55-79 years diagnosed with any of the cancers of interest during the period 2001-2007 were identified and classified by the presence/absence of co-morbid type 2 diabetes. The influence of diabetes on cancer risk for each site was assessed via Poisson regression, initially with adjustment for age only, then adjusted for both age and socioeconomic status. Results: There were 4,285 incident cancers in people with type 2 diabetes. RR for any cancers (adjusted for age only) was 1.11 (95% CI 1.05, 1.17) for men and 1.33 (1.28, 1.40) for women. Corresponding values after additional adjustment for socioeconomic status were 1.10 (1.04, 1.15) and 1.31 (1.25, 1.38), respectively. RRs for individual cancer sites varied markedly. Conclusions/interpretation: Socioeconomic status was found to have little influence on the association between type 2 diabetes and cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Predicted impact of extending the screening interval for diabetic retinopathy: the Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy Screening programme.
- Author
-
Looker, H., Nyangoma, S., Cromie, D., Olson, J., Leese, G., Philip, S., Black, M., Doig, J., Lee, N., Briggs, A., Hothersall, E., Morris, A., Lindsay, R., McKnight, J., Pearson, D., Sattar, N., Wild, S., McKeigue, P., and Colhoun, H.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of our study was to identify subgroups of patients attending the Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy Screening (DRS) programme who might safely move from annual to two yearly retinopathy screening. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of screening data from the DRS programme collected between 2005 and 2011 for people aged ≥12 years with type 1 or type 2 diabetes in Scotland. We used hidden Markov models to calculate the probabilities of transitions to referable diabetic retinopathy (referable background or proliferative retinopathy) or referable maculopathy. Results: The study included 155,114 individuals with no referable diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy at their first DRS examination and with one or more further DRS examinations. There were 11,275 incident cases of referable diabetic eye disease (9,204 referable maculopathy, 2,071 referable background or proliferative retinopathy). The observed transitions to referable background or proliferative retinopathy were lower for people with no visible retinopathy vs mild background retinopathy at their prior examination (respectively, 1.2% vs 8.1% for type 1 diabetes and 0.6% vs 5.1% for type 2 diabetes). The lowest probability for transitioning to referable background or proliferative retinopathy was among people with two consecutive screens showing no visible retinopathy, where the probability was <0.3% for type 1 and <0.2% for type 2 diabetes at 2 years. Conclusions/interpretation: Transition rates to referable diabetic eye disease were lowest among people with type 2 diabetes and two consecutive screens showing no visible retinopathy. If such people had been offered two yearly screening the DRS service would have needed to screen 40% fewer people in 2009. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The methylglyoxal-derived AGE tetrahydropyrimidine is increased in plasma of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus and in atherosclerotic lesions and is associated with sVCAM-1.
- Author
-
Eupen, M., Schram, M., Colhoun, H., Hanssen, N., Niessen, H., Tarnow, L., Parving, H., Rossing, P., Stehouwer, C., and Schalkwijk, C.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a major precursor for advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are thought to play a role in vascular complications in diabetes. Known MGO-arginine-derived AGEs are 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone (MG-H1), argpyrimidine and tetrahydropyrimidine (THP). We studied THP in relation to type 1 diabetes, endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, vascular complications and atherosclerosis. Methods: We raised and characterised a monoclonal antibody against MGO-derived THP. We measured plasma THP with a competitive ELISA in two cohort studies: study A (198 individuals with type 1 diabetes and 197 controls); study B (individuals with type 1 diabetes, 175 with normoalbuminuria and 198 with macroalbuminuria [>300 mg/24 h]). We measured plasma markers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation, and evaluated the presence of THP and N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) in atherosclerotic arteries. Results: THP was higher in individuals with type 1 diabetes than in those without (median [interquartile range] 115.5 U/μl [102.4-133.2] and 109.8 U/μl [91.8-122.3], respectively; p = 0.03). THP was associated with plasma soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in both study A (standardised β = 0.48 [95% CI 0.38, 0.58]; p < 0.001) and study B (standardised β = 0.31 [95% CI 0.23, 0.40]; p < 0.001), and with secreted phospholipase A2 (standardised β = 0.26 [95% CI 0.17, 0.36]; p < 0.001) in study B. We found no association of THP with micro- or macro-vascular complications. Both THP and CML were detected in atherosclerotic arteries. Conclusions/interpretation: Our results suggest that MGO-derived THP may reflect endothelial dysfunction among individuals with and without type 1 diabetes, and therefore may potentially play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and vascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Cause-specific mortality in Scottish patients with colorectal cancer with and without type 2 diabetes (2000-2007).
- Author
-
Walker, J., Brewster, D., Colhoun, H., Fischbacher, C., Lindsay, R., and Wild, S.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The objective of this study was to use Scottish national data to assess the influence of type 2 diabetes on (1) survival (overall and cause-specific) in multiple time intervals after diagnosis of colorectal cancer and (2) cause of death. Methods: Data from the Scottish Cancer Registry were linked to data from a population-based national diabetes register. All people in Scotland diagnosed with non-metastatic cancer of the colon or rectum in 2000-2007 were included. The effect of pre-existing type 2 diabetes on survival over four discrete time intervals (<1, 1-2, 3-5 and >5 years) after cancer diagnosis was assessed by Cox regression. Cumulative incidence functions were calculated representing the respective probabilities of death from the competing causes of colorectal cancer, cardiovascular disease, other cancers and any other cause. Results: Data were available for 19,505 people with colon or rectal cancer (1,957 with pre-existing diabetes). Cause-specific mortality analyses identified a stronger association between diabetes and cardiovascular disease mortality than that between diabetes and cancer mortality. Beyond 5 years after colon cancer diagnosis, diabetes was associated with a detrimental effect on all-cause mortality after adjustment for age, socioeconomic status and cancer stage (HR [95% CI]: 1.57 [1.19, 2.06] in men; 1.84 [1.36, 2.50] in women). For patients with rectal cancer, diabetes was not associated with differential survival in any time interval. Conclusions/interpretation: Poorer survival observed for colon cancer associated with type 2 diabetes in Scotland may be explained by higher mortality from causes other than cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Common variant in the HMGA2 gene increases susceptibility to nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- Author
-
Alkayyali, S., Lajer, M., Deshmukh, H., Ahlqvist, E., Colhoun, H., Isomaa, B., Rossing, P., Groop, L., and Lyssenko, V.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with devastating microvascular complications. Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 60 genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes and/or glucose and insulin traits, but their role in the progression of diabetes is not established. The aim of this study was to explore whether these variants were also associated with the development of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We studied 28 genetic variants in 2,229 patients with type 2 diabetes from the local Malmö Scania Diabetes Registry (SDR) published during 2007-2010. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) was defined as micro- or macroalbuminuria and/or end-stage renal disease. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was assessed using the MDRD-4 formula. Replication genotyping of rs1531343 was performed in diabetic (Steno type 2 diabetes [ n = 345], Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland [Go-DARTS] [ n = 784]) and non-diabetic (Malmö Preventive Project [ n = 2,523], Botnia study [ n = 2,247]) cohorts. Results: In the SDR, HMGA2 single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1531343 was associated with DN (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.20, 1.87, p = 0.00035). In the combined analysis totalling 3,358 patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 1,233 cases, n = 2,125 controls), carriers of the C-allele had a 1.45-fold increased risk of developing nephropathy (95% CI 1.20, 1.75, p = 0.00010). Furthermore, the risk C-allele was associated with lower eGFR in patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 2,499, β ± SEM, −3.7 ± 1.2 ml/min, p = 0.002) and also in non-diabetic individuals ( n = 17,602, β ± SEM, −0.008 ± 0.003 ml/min (log), p = 0.006). Conclusions/interpretation: These data demonstrate that the HMGA2 variant seems to be associated with increased risk of developing nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes and lower eGFR in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals and could thus be a common denominator in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and kidney complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Area-based socioeconomic status, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular mortality in Scotland.
- Author
-
Jackson, C., Jones, N., Walker, J., Fischbacher, C., Colhoun, H., Leese, G., Lindsay, R., McKnight, J., Morris, A., Petrie, J., Sattar, N., and Wild, S.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between type 2 diabetes mellitus, area-based socioeconomic status (SES) and cardiovascular disease mortality in Scotland. Methods: We used an area-based measure of SES, Scottish national diabetes register data linked to mortality records, and general population cause-specific mortality data to investigate the relationships between SES, type 2 diabetes and mortality from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CbVD), for 2001-2007. We used negative binomial regression to obtain age-adjusted RRs of mortality (by sex), comparing people with type 2 diabetes with the non-diabetic population. Results: Among 216,652 people aged 40 years or older with type 2 diabetes (980,687 person-years), there were 10,554 IHD deaths and 4,378 CbVD deaths. Age-standardised mortality increased with increasing deprivation, and was higher among men. IHD mortality RRs were highest among the least deprived quintile and lowest in the most deprived quintile (men: least deprived, RR 1.94 [95% CI 1.61, 2.33]; most deprived, RR 1.46 [95% CI 1.23, 1.74]) and were higher in women than men (women: least deprived, RR 2.84 [95% CI 2.12, 3.80]; most deprived, RR 2.04 [95% CI 1.55, 2.69]). A similar, weaker, pattern was observed for cerebrovascular mortality. Conclusions/interpretation: Absolute risk of cardiovascular mortality is higher in people with diabetes than in the non-diabetic population and increases with increasing deprivation. The relative impact of diabetes on cardiovascular mortality differs by SES, and further efforts to reduce cardiovascular risk both in deprived groups and people with diabetes are required. Prevention of diabetes may reduce socioeconomic health inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Hospitalised hip fracture risk with rosiglitazone and pioglitazone use compared with other glucose-lowering drugs.
- Author
-
Colhoun, H., Livingstone, S., Looker, H., Morris, A., Wild, S., Lindsay, R., Reed, C., Donnan, P., Guthrie, B., Leese, G., McKnight, J., Pearson, D., Pearson, E., Petrie, J., Philip, S., Sattar, N., Sullivan, F., and McKeigue, P.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Current drug labels for thiazolidinediones (TZDs) warn of increased fractures, predominantly for distal fractures in women. We examined whether exposure to TZDs affects hip fracture in women and men and compared the risk to that found with other drugs used in diabetes. Methods: Using a nationwide database of prescriptions, hospital admissions and deaths in those with type 2 diabetes in Scotland we calculated TZD exposure among 206,672 individuals. Discrete-time failure analysis was used to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on hip fracture during 1999-2008. Results: There were 176 hip fractures among 37,479 exposed individuals. Hip fracture risk increased with cumulative exposure to TZD: OR per year of exposure 1.18 (95% CI 1.09, 1.28; p = 3 × 10), adjusted for age, sex and calendar month. Hip fracture increased with cumulative exposure in both men (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.03, 1.41) and women (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.07, 1.29) and risks were similar for pioglitazone (OR 1.18) and rosiglitazone (OR 1.16). The association was similar when adjusted for exposure to other drugs for diabetes and for other potential confounders. There was no association of hip fracture with cumulative exposure to sulfonylureas, metformin or insulin in this analysis. The 90-day mortality associated with hip fractures was similar in ever-users of TZD (15%) and in never-users (13%). Conclusions/interpretation: Hip fracture is a severe adverse effect with TZDs, affecting both sexes; labels should be changed to warn of this. The excess mortality is at least as much as expected from the reported association of pioglitazone with bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Diabetic retinopathy at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Scotland.
- Author
-
Looker, H., Nyangoma, S., Cromie, D., Olson, J., Leese, G., Black, M., Doig, J., Lee, N., Lindsay, R., McKnight, J., Morris, A., Philip, S., Sattar, N., Wild, S., and Colhoun, H.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, using Scottish national data. Methods: We identified individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Scotland between January 2005 and May 2008 using data from the national diabetes database. We calculated the prevalence of retinopathy and ORs for risk factors associated with retinopathy at first screening. Results: Of the 51,526 people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus identified, 91.4% had been screened by 31 December 2010. The median time to first screening was 315 days (interquartile range [IQR] 111-607 days), but by 2008 the median was 83 days (IQR 51-135 days). The prevalence at first screening of any retinopathy was 19.3%, and for referable retinopathy it was 1.9%. For individuals screened after a year the prevalence of any retinopathy was 20.5% and referable retinopathy was 2.3%. Any retinopathy at screening was associated with male sex (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.14, 1.25), HbA (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06, 1.08 per 1% [11 mmol/mol] increase), systolic BP (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05, 1.08 per 10 mmHg increase), time to screening (OR for screening >1 year post diagnosis = 1.12, 95% CI 1.07, 1.17) and obesity (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.82, 0.93) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions/interpretation: The prevalence of retinopathy at first screening is lower than in previous UK studies, consistent with earlier diagnosis of diabetes. Most newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in Scotland are screened within an acceptable interval and the prevalence of referable disease is low, even in those with delayed screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. The effect of deprivation and HbA on admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis in type 1 diabetes.
- Author
-
Govan, L., Maietti, E., Torsney, B., Wu, O., Briggs, A., Colhoun, H., Fischbacher, C., Leese, G., McKnight, J., Morris, A., Sattar, N., Wild, S., and Lindsay, R.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes and has a strong relationship with HbA. We examined how socioeconomic group affects the likelihood of admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods: The Scottish Care Information - Diabetes Collaboration (SCI-DC), a dynamic national register of all cases of diagnosed diabetes in Scotland, was linked to national data on hospital admissions. We identified 24,750 people with type 1 diabetes between January 2005 and December 2007. We assessed the relationship between HbA and quintiles of deprivation with hospital admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis in people with type 1 diabetes adjusting for patient characteristics. Results: We identified 23,479 people with type 1 diabetes who had complete recording of covariates. Deprivation had a substantial effect on odds of admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis (OR 4.51, 95% CI 3.73, 5.46 in the most deprived quintile compared with the least deprived). This effect persisted after the inclusion of HbA and other risk factors (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.32, 3.39). Men had a reduced risk of admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.63, 0.79) and those with a history of smoking had increased odds of admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis by a factor of 1.55 (95% CI 1.36, 1.78). Conclusions/interpretation: Women, smokers, those with high HbA and those living in more deprived areas have an increased risk of admission to hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. The effect of deprivation was present even after inclusion of other risk factors. This work highlights that those in poorer areas of the community with high HbA represent a group who might be usefully supported to try to reduce hospital admissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A gene variant near ATM is significantly associated with metformin treatment response in type 2 diabetes: a replication and meta-analysis of five cohorts.
- Author
-
Leeuwen, N., Nijpels, G., Becker, M., Deshmukh, H., Zhou, K., Stricker, B., Uitterlinden, A., Hofman, A., Riet, E., Palmer, C., Guigas, B., Slagboom, P., Durrington, P., Calle, R., Neil, A., Hitman, G., Livingstone, S., Colhoun, H., Holman, R., and McCarthy, M.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: In this study we aimed to replicate the previously reported association between the glycaemic response to metformin and the SNP rs11212617 at a locus that includes the ataxia telangiectasia mutated ( ATM) gene in multiple additional populations. Methods: Incident users of metformin selected from the Diabetes Care System West-Friesland (DCS, n = 929) and the Rotterdam Study ( n = 182) from the Netherlands, and the CARDS Trial ( n = 254) from the UK were genotyped for rs11212617 and tested for an association with both HbA reduction and treatment success, defined as the ability to reach the treatment target of an HbA ≤7 % (53 mmol/mol). Finally, a meta-analysis including data from literature was performed. Results: In the DCS cohort, we observed an association between rs11212617 genotype and treatment success on metformin (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03, 1.58, p = 0.028); in the smaller Rotterdam Study cohort, a numerically similar but non-significant trend was observed (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.87, 2.39, p = 0.15); while in the CARDS cohort there was no significant association. In meta-analyses of these three cohorts separately or combined with the previously published cohorts, rs11212617 genotype is associated with metformin treatment success (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04, 1.49, p = 0.016 and OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.33, 1.38, p = 7.8 × 10, respectively). Conclusions/interpretation: A gene variant near ATM is significantly associated with metformin treatment response in type 2 diabetic patients from the Netherlands and the UK. This is the first robustly replicated common susceptibility locus found to be associated with metformin treatment response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Do men develop type 2 diabetes at lower body mass indices than women?
- Author
-
Logue, J., Walker, J., Colhoun, H., Leese, G., Lindsay, R., McKnight, J., Morris, A., Pearson, D., Petrie, J., Philip, S., Wild, S., and Sattar, N.
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: To describe the associations between age, sex and BMI at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and test the hypothesis that men are diagnosed with diabetes at lower average BMI than women of similar age. Methods: Linear regression was used to estimate and compare the relationship between age and BMI at diagnosis among 51,920 men and 43,137 women included in a population-based diabetes register in Scotland for whom an index BMI measurement was taken within 1 year of diabetes diagnosis. We also examined HbA values by sex within the same timescale. Results: Mean BMI closest to date of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 31.83 kg/m (SD 5.13) in men and 33.69 kg/m (SD 6.43) in women. The inverse relationship between age and BMI at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly steeper in women than in men (slope estimate in men −0.12 kg/m per year [95% CI −0.13, −0.12] women −0.18 kg/m per year [95% CI −0.18, −0.17], p < 0.0001 for formal test of interaction). Mean BMI difference was most marked at younger ages and narrowed with advancing age. However, HbA levels within 1 year of diagnoses were broadly similar in men and women. Conclusions/interpretation: Men are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at lower BMI than women across the age range. This observation may help explain why type 2 diabetes is more common among middle-aged men in populations of European extraction. Whether the same pattern is also observed in other ethnic groups requires confirmation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Inpatient costs for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Scotland: a study from the Scottish Diabetes Research Network Epidemiology Group.
- Author
-
Govan, L., Wu, O., Briggs, A., Colhoun, H., McKnight, J., Morris, A., Pearson, D., Petrie, J., Sattar, N., Wild, S., and Lindsay, R.
- Abstract
ims/hypothesis: The rising prevalence of diabetes worldwide has increased interest in the cost of diabetes. Inpatient costs for all people with diabetes in Scotland were investigated. Methods: The Scottish Care Information-Diabetes Collaboration (SCI-DC), a real-time clinical information system of almost all diagnosed cases of diabetes in Scotland, UK, was linked to data on all hospital admissions for people with diabetes. Inpatient stay costs were estimated using the 2007-2008 Scottish National Tariff. The probability of hospital admission and total annual cost of admissions were estimated in relation to age, sex, type of diabetes, history of vascular admission, HbA, creatinine, body mass index and diabetes duration. Results: In Scotland during 2005-2007, 24,750 people with type 1 and 195,433 people with type 2 diabetes were identified, accounting for approximately 4.3% of the total Scottish population (5.1 million). The estimated total annual cost of admissions for all people diagnosed with type 1 and type 2 diabetes was £26 million and £275 million, respectively, approximately 12% of the total Scottish inpatient expenditure (£2.4 billion). Sex, increasing age, serum creatinine, previous vascular history and HbA (the latter differentially in type 1 and type 2) were all associated with likelihood and total annual cost of admission. Conclusions/interpretation: Diabetes inpatient expenditure accounted for 12% of the total Scottish inpatient expenditure, whilst people with diabetes account for 4.3% of the population. Of the modifiable risk factors, HbA was the most important driver of cost in type 1 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Use of insulin glargine and cancer incidence in Scotland: a study from the Scottish Diabetes Research Network Epidemiology Group.
- Author
-
Colhoun, H.
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether patients with diabetes in Scotland using insulin glargine have a greater cancer risk than patients using other types of insulin. We used a nationwide diabetes clinical database that covers the majority of the Scottish population with diagnosed diabetes, and examined patients with diabetes who were exposed to any insulin therapy between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2005. Among these we defined a fixed cohort based on exposure during a 4 month period in 2003 ( n = 36,254, in whom 715 cases of cancer occurred) and a cohort of new insulin users across the period ( n = 12,852 in whom 381 cancers occurred). Records from these cohorts were linked to cancer registry data up to the end of 2005. We used Cox proportional hazards models for survival analyses. Those receiving any insulin glargine ( n = 3,959) had the same incidence rate for all cancers as those not receiving insulin glargine (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.77–1.36, p = 0.9 in the fixed cohort) The subset of patients using insulin glargine alone ( n = 447) had a significantly higher incidence of all cancers than those using other insulins only ( n = 32,295) (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01–2.37, p = 0.045), and those using insulin glargine with other insulins ( n = 3,512) had a slightly lower incidence (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.55–1.18, p = 0.26). There were important differences in baseline characteristics between these three groups, although the risk ratios were broadly unaltered on adjustment for these. Overall, there was no increase in breast cancer rates associated with insulin glargine use (HR 1.49, 95% CI 0.79–2.83, though insulin glargine only users had a higher rate than those using non-glargine insulin only (HR 3.39, 95% CI 1.46–7.85, p = 0.004). Among type 2 diabetic incident insulin users, no significant difference between the three groups was observed with respect to all cancer or breast cancer. All the above HRs are adjusted for age, calendar time prior cancer and type of diabetes, as appropriate, and are stratified according to sex. Overall, insulin glargine use was not associated with an increased risk of all cancers or site-specific cancers in Scotland over a 4 year time frame. Given the overall data, we consider the excess of cases of all cancers and breast cancer in the subgroup of insulin glargine only users to more likely reflect allocation bias rather than an effect of insulin glargine itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Apolipoproteins, cardiovascular risk and statin response in type 2 diabetes: the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS).
- Author
-
Charlton-Menys, V., Betteridge, D., Colhoun, H., Fuller, J., France, M., Hitman, G., Livingstone, S., Neil, H., Newman, C., Szarek, M., DeMicco, D., and Durrington, P.
- Abstract
Controversy surrounds whether the ratio of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) to apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is the best lipoprotein discriminator of CHD risk in non-diabetic populations, but the issue has never been investigated in type 2 diabetes. In 2,627 participants without known vascular disease in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study, ApoB, ApoA-I, LDL-cholesterol (LDLC) and HDL-cholesterol (HDLC) were assayed at baseline. There were 108 CHD and 59 stroke endpoints over 3.9 years. The ApoB:A-I ratio at baseline was the lipoprotein variable most closely predicting CHD risk both by comparison of the hazard ratio for a 1 SD change or tertiles of frequency distribution. The areas under the receiver–operator curve for the ApoB:ApoA-I and the LDLC to HDL-HDLC ratios, although not significantly different from each other, were greater ( p = 0.0005 and p = 0.0125 respectively) than that of non-HDLC:HDLC. The 27% decrease in the ApoB:ApoA-I ratio on atorvastatin predicted a 32% (95% CI 5.4–51.2%) risk reduction in CHD, close to the 36% decrease observed. Neither the ApoB:ApoA-I nor any other lipoprotein concentration or ratio predicted the stroke outcome. Overall, the ApoB:ApoA-I ratio improved on the non-HDLC:HDLC ratio in predicting CHD, but, depending on the assessment chosen, its superiority over LDLC:HDLC may be marginal. The statin-induced decrease in stroke risk may not be lipoprotein mediated. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00327418 Funding: The study was supported by unrestricted grants from Diabetes UK, the Department of Health and Pfizer to the University of Manchester and to University College, London. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Cost-effectiveness of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes: results from the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS).
- Author
-
Raikou, M., McGuire, A., Colhoun, H., Betteridge, D., Durrington, P., Hitman, G., Neil, H., Livingstone, S., Charlton-Menys, V., and Fuller, J.
- Abstract
We estimated the cost-effectiveness of atorvastatin treatment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes using data from the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS). A total of 2,838 patients, who were aged 40 to 75 years and had type 2 diabetes without a documented history of cardiovascular disease and without elevated LDL-cholesterol, were recruited from 32 centres in the UK and Ireland and randomly allocated to atorvastatin 10 mg daily ( n = 1,428) or placebo ( n = 1,410). These subjects were followed-up for a median period of 3.9 years. Direct treatment costs and effectiveness were analysed to provide estimates of cost per endpoint-free year over the trial period for alternative definitions of endpoint, and of cost per life-year gained and cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained over a patient’s lifetime. Over the trial period, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated to be £7,608 per year free of any CARDS primary endpoint; the ICER was calculated to be £4,896 per year free of any cardiovascular endpoint and £4,120 per year free of any study endpoint. Over lifetime, the incremental cost per life-year gained was £5,107 and the cost per QALY was £6,471 (costs and benefits both discounted at 3.5%). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin is a cost-effective intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes, with the ICER for this intervention falling within the current acceptance threshold (£20,000 per QALY) specified by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Rapid emergence of effect of atorvastatin on cardiovascular outcomes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS).
- Author
-
Colhoun, H. M., Betteridge, D. J., Durrington, P. N., Hitman, G. A., Neil, H. A. W., Livingstone, S. J., Thomason, M. J., and Fuller, J. H.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,INSULIN resistance ,COENZYMES ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,CLINICAL trials ,PLACEBOS - Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of the effect of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor atorvastatin on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and no prior history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Materials and methods: A post hoc analysis of data from the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS), a randomised, placebo-controlled trial of 2,838 patients with type 2 diabetes, was performed. Patients received atorvastatin (10 mg daily) or placebo and were evaluated for cardiovascular and other outcomes over a median follow-up period of 3.9 years. Cox proportional hazards modelling was carried out, and the hazard ratios calculated for various times after randomisation to treatment were investigated. Results: A reduction in the primary endpoint of major CVD events was apparent and statistically significant as soon as 18 months after treatment initiation. The effect of atorvastatin on CHD events was apparent by 6 months, and at 1 year was similar to the 37% relative risk reduction observed at trial closure. Conclusions/interpretation: Atorvastatin alters the pathogenesis of CVD rapidly, such that the effect on cardiovascular events is apparent within months of initiation of therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Trends in hypertension management in Type I diabetes across Europe, 1989/1990 – 1997/1999 S.S. Soedamah-Muthu et al.: Hypertension management in Type I diabetes.
- Author
-
Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., Colhoun, H. M., Abrahamian, H., Chan, N. N., Mangili, R., Reboldi, G. P., and Fuller, J. H.
- Subjects
HYPERTENSION ,BLOOD circulation disorders ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,DIABETES ,CARBOHYDRATE intolerance ,ENDOCRINE diseases ,DISEASE management - Abstract
Aims/hypothesis. Our aim was to examine the change in the management of hypertension in patients with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Europe, between 1989–1990 and 1997–1999. Methods. Seven-year changes in hypertension treatment and control (defined as blood pressure <130/85 mmHg) were examined in a large sample of Type I diabetic patients recruited from 26 centres involved in the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. Hypertension was defined as a systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure greater than 140 and/or 90 mmHg respectively, and/or use of blood pressure lowering drugs. Results. Of 1866 Type I diabetic patients, 412 had hypertension at baseline and 631 at follow-up. A greater proportion of hypertensive patients were treated at follow-up (69% vs 40%, p<0.0001), which persisted after adjustment for age or centre. Of those who were treated, a modest increase in the proportion of those controlled for hypertension was found (41% vs 32%, p=0.048), which disappeared after adjustment for age. Among hypertensive patients with albuminuria, the proportions treated also increased, from 35% to 76% (p<0.0001) in microalbuminuric and 64% to 95% (p<0.0001) in macroalbuminuric patients. Control of hypertension in albuminuric patients did not change significantly and was below 50%. The use of more than one anti-hypertensive drug increased over a 7-year period, from 19% to 33% (p<0.0001), and a marked increase was shown in the proportion of those taking an ACE inhibitor (from 57% to 82%, p<0.0001). Conclusion/interpretation. The management of hypertension in Type I diabetic patients across Europe has improved over a 7-year follow-up period. Optimal levels of blood pressure treatment and optimal levels of control have not yet been achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Risk factors for renal failure: The WHO multinational study of vascular disease in diabetes.
- Author
-
Colhoun, H. M., Lee, E. T., Bennett, P. H., Lu, M., Keen, H., Wang, S.-L., Stevens, L. K., and Fuller, J. H.
- Subjects
DIABETIC nephropathies ,DIABETES complications ,VASCULAR diseases ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,KIDNEY diseases ,DIABETES - Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to examine risk factors for, and differences in, renal failure in diabetic patients from 10 centres. Methods: Risk factors for renal failure were examined in 3558 diabetic patients who did not have renal disease at baseline in the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes (WHO MSVDD). Results: In 959 subjects with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and 2559 with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, the average follow-up was 8.4 years ( ± 2.7). By the end of the follow-up period 53 patients in the Type I diabetic group and 134 patients in the Type II diabetic group had developed renal failure (incidence rate 6.3:1000 person years). Increasing age and duration of diabetes were associated with renal failure in Type II and Type I diabetes. In Type II diabetes duration of diabetes was a more important risk factor than age. In both Type I and Type II diabetic retinopathy and proteinuria were strongly associated with renal failure. Systolic blood pressure was associated with renal failure in Type I but not in Type II diabetic patients. ECG abnormalities at baseline, self-reported smoking and cholesterol were not associated with renal failure. Triglycerides were measured in a subset of centres. Among those with Type II, but not Type I diabetes, triglycerides were associated with renal failure independently of systolic blood pressure, proteinuria or retinopathy. In Type II diabetes fasting plasma glucose was associated with renal failure independently of other risk factors. Conclusion/interpretation: We have confirmed the role of proteinuria and retinopathy as markers of renal failure and the importance of hyperglycaemia in renal failure in Type I and Type II diabetes. Plasma triglycerides seem to be an important predictor of renal failure in Type II diabetes. In Type I diabetes systolic blood pressure is an important predictor of renal failure. [Diabetologia (2001) 44 [Suppl 2]: S 46–S 53] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
34. 35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
- Author
-
Melander, A., Olsson, J., Lindberg, G., Salzman, A., Howard, T., Stang, P., Lydick, E., Emslie-Smith, A., Boyle, D. I. R., Evans, J. M. M., Macdonald, T. M., Bain, J., Sullivan, F., Juhl, C., Pørksen, N., Sturis, J., Hollingdal, M., Pincus, S., Veldhuis, J., Dejgaard, A., Schmitz, O., Kristensen, J. S., Frandsen, K. B., Bayer, Th., Müller, P., Dunning, B. E., Paladini, S., Gutierrez, C., Deacon, R., Valentin, M., Grunberger, G., Weston, W. M., Patwardhan, R., Rappaport, E. B., Sargeant, L. A., Wareham, N. J., Khaw, K. T., Zethelius, Björn, Lithell, Hans, Hales, C. Nicholas, Berne, Christian, Lakka, H.-M., Oksanen, L., Tuomainen, T.-P., Kontula, K., Salonen, J. T., Dekker, J. M., de Boks, P., de Vegt, F., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Nijpels, G., Bouter, L. M., Heine, R. J., Bruno, G., Cavallo-Perin, P., Bargero, G., D’Errico, N., Borra, M., Macchia, G., Pagano, G., Newton, R. W., Ruta, D. A., New, J. P., Wallace, C., Roxburgh, M. A., Young, R. J., Vaughan, N. J. A., Elliott, P., Brennan, G., Devers, M., MacAlpine, R., Steinke, D., Lawson, D. H., Decallonne, B., Casteels, K., Gysemans, C., Bouillon, R., Mathieu, C., Linn, Thomas, Strate, Christine, Schneider, Kerstin, Funda, D. P., Jirsa, M., Kozáková, H., Kaas, A., Kofronová, O., Tlaskalová-Hogenová, H., Buschard, K., Wanka, H., Hartmann, A., Kuttler, B., Rasmussen, S. B., Sørensen, T. S., Markholst, H., Petersen, J. S., Karounos, D., Dyrberg, T., Mabley, J. G., Haskó, G., Szabó, C., Seissler, J., Nguyen, T. B. T., Steinbrenner, H., Scherbaum, W. A., Cipriani, R., Gabriele, A., Sensi, M., Guidobaldi, L., Pantellini, F., Cerrito, M. G., Scarpa, S., Di Mario, U., Morano, S., Ceolotto, G., Iori, E., Baritono, E., Del Prato, S., Semplicini, A., Trevisan, R., Zerbini, G., Meregalli, G., Asnaghi, V., Tentori, F., Maestroni, A., Mangili, R., Marescotti, C., Vedovato, M., Tiengo, A., Tadjieva, J., Mankovsky, B. N., Van Aken, S., Raes, A., Vande Walle, J., Matthys, D., Craen, M., Hansen, H. P., Lund, S. S., Rossing, P., Jensen, T., Parving, H.-H., Andersen, S., Tarnow, L., Hansen, B. V., Trautner, C., Haastert, B., Ennenbach, N., Willich, S., Tabák, Á. Gy., Orchard, T. J., Spranger, J., Preissner, K. T., Schatz, H., Pfeiffer, A., Cantón, A., Burgos, R., Hernández, C., Lecube, A., Mesa, J., Segura, R. M., Mateo, C., Simó, R., Fathallah, L., Greene, D. A., Obrosova, I., Gilbert, R. E., Kelly, D. J., Cox, A. J., Berka-Wilkinson, J. L., Taylor, H. R., Panagiotopoulos, S., Lee, V., Jerums, G., Cooper, M. E., Hitman, G. A., Aganna, E., Ogunkolade, W. B., Rema, M., Deepa, R., Shanthi-Rani, C. S., Barakat, K., Kumarajeewa, T. R., Cassell, P. G., McDermott, M. F., Mohan, V., Ways, K., Bursell, S., Devries, T., Woodworth, J., Alatorre, C., King, G., Aiello, L. P., Karisen, A. E., Pavlovic, D., Nielsen, K., Jensen, J., Andersen, H. U., Pociot, F., Mandrup-Poulsen, T., Eizirik, D. L., Nerup, J., Lortz, S., Tiedge, M., Lenzen, S., Lally, F. J., Bone, A. J., Darville, M. I., Ho, Y.-S., Sternesjö, J., Sandler, S., Chen, M.-C., Schuit, F., Pipeleers, D. G., Merezak, S., Hardikar, A., Hoet, J. J., Remacle, C., Reusens, B., Bréant, B., Garofano, A., Czernichow, P., Kubota, N., Terauchi, Y., Miki, H., Tamemoto, H., Yamauchi, T., Nakano, R., Komeda, K., Eto, K., Tobe, K., Kimura, S., Kadowaki, T., Ide, T., Murakami, K., Tsunoda, M., Mochizuki, T., Ozanne, S. E., Nave, B. T., Wang, C. L., Dorling, M. W., Petry, C. J., Koopmans, S. J., van der Bent, C., Que, I., Radder, J. K., Sebokova, E., Sana, A. K., Klimes, I., Ruderman, N., Morviducci, L., Pastore, L., Morelli, S., Sagratella, E., Zorretta, D., Buongiomo, A., Tamburrano, G., Giaccari, A., Martinenghi, Sabina, De Angelis, Gabriella Cusella, Ravasi, Flavio, Bifari, Francesco, Bordignon, Claudio, Falqui, Luca, Kessler, A., Dransfeld, O., Sasson, S., Tomas, E., Zorzano, A., Eckel, J., Thorsby, P., Rosenfalck, A. M., Kjems, L., Hanssen, K. F., Madsbad, S., Birkeland, K. I., Hamilton-Wessler, M., Markussen, J., Bergman, R. N., Melki, V., Hanaire-Broutin, H., Bessières-Lacombe, S., Tauber, J.-P., Home, P. D., Lindholm, A., Riis, A., Rosenstock, J., Schwartz, S., Clark, C., Edwards, M., Donley, D., Swift, P., Mortensen, H. B., Lynggaard, H., Hougaard, P., Cull, C. A., Neil, H. A. W., Frighi, V., Manley, S. E., Holman, R. R., Turner, R. C., Steiner, G., Davis, W. A., Weeraratna, T., Bruce, D. G., Davis, T. M. E., Vergès, B., Duvillard, L., Pont, F., Florentin, E., Gambert, Ph., Benko, B., Ljubić, S., Turk, Z., Granić, M., März, W., Wollschläger, H., Klein, G., Neiss, A., Wehling, M., Huxtable, S. J., Saker, P. J., Walker, M., Frayling, T. M., Levy, J. C., O’Rahilly, S., Hattersley, A. T., McCarthy, M. I., Orecchio, A., Giacchini, A., Dominici, R., Canettieri, G., Trinti, B., Zani, M., Andreoli, M., Sciacchitano, S., de Silva, A. M., Whitecross, K., Pasco, J., Kotowicz, M., Nicholson, G., Zimmet, P., Boyko, E. J., Collier, G. R., Frittitta, L., Pizzuti, A., Argiolas, A., Graci, S., Goldfine, I. D., Bozzali, M., Ercolino, T., Costanzo, B., Iacoviello, L., Tassi, V., Trischitta, V., Wauters, M., Rankinen, T., Mertens, I., Chagnon, M., Bouchard, C., Van Gaal, L., Sivenius, K., Valve, R., Hakkarainen, V., Niskanen, L., Laakso, M., Uusitupa, M., Beridze, N., Japaridze, M., Kurashvili, R., Dundua, M., Kebuladze, G., Kazakhashvili, N., Offley-Shore, B., Thomas, B., Ghebremeskel, K., Crawford, M., Lowy, C., Eriksson, Ulf J., Martin Simán, C., Wisse, Bert, Gittenberger-de Groot, Adriana C., Wentzel, P., Eriksson, U. J., Wender-Ożegowska, E., Drews, K., Biczysko, R., Bronisz, A., Rość, D., Graczykowska-Koczorowska, A., Kotschy, M., Sokup, A., Kohnert, K. D., Besch, W., Strese, J., Frick, U., Zander, E., Kemer, W., Škrha, J., Kvasnička, J., Kalvodová, B., Hilgertová, J., Schatteman, K., Goossens, F., Scharpé, S., De Leeuw, I., Hendriks, D., Legakis, I. N., Panayiotou, D., Mountokalakis, Th. D., Enderle, M. D., Beckmann, P., Balletshofer, B., Rittig, K., Maerker, E., Volk, A., Meisner, C., Jacob, S., Matthaei, S., Häring, H. U., Rett, K., Ueda, K., Nakagawa, T., Shimajiri, Y., Kokawa, M., Matsumoto, E., Sasaki, H., Sanke, T., Nanjo, K., McKinnon, Caroline M., Macfarlane, Wendy M., Docherty, Kevin, Furukawa, N., Shirotani, T., Kishikawa, H., Kaneko, K., Araki, E., Shichiri, M., Prentki, M., Roduit, R., Susini, S., Buteau, J., Ejrnæs, A. M., Andersen, N. Aa., Osterhoff, M., Möhlig, M., Ortmann, J., Bikashaghi, F., Mayer, C., Bikashagi, F., Ackermans, M. T., Pereira Arias, A. M., Bisschop, P. H. L. T., Endert, E., Sauerwein, H. P., Romijn, J. A., Gastaldelli, A., Baldi, S., Pettiti, M., Natali, A., Frascerra, S., Camastra, S., Toschi, E., Ferrannini, E., Stingl, H., Krssak, M., Bischof, M. G., Krebs, M., Fürnsinn, C., Nowotny, P., Waldhäusl, W., Roden, M., Neeft, M., Meijer, A. J., Båvenholm, P., Pigon, J., Efendic, S., Kästenbauer, T., Sauseng, S., Sokol, G., Auinger, M., Irsigler, K., Abbott, C. A., Carrington, A. L., Faragher, B., Kulkarni, J., Van Ross, E. R. E., Boulton, A. J. M., Armstrong, D. G., Hadi, S., Nguyen, H. C., Harkless, L. B., Jirkovská, A., Kasalicky, P., Hosová, J., Skibova, J., Uccioli, L., Caselli, A., Giacomozzi, C., Macellari, V., Giurato, L., Lardieri, L., Menzinger, G., Pham, H. T., Rosenblum, B. I., Lyons, T. E., Giurini, J. M., Smakowski, P., Chrzan, J. S., Habershaw, G. M., Veves, A., Foster, A. M., Bates, M., Doxford, M., Edmonds, M. E., Kecha, O., Winkler, R., Martens, H., Collette, J., Lefèbvre, P. J., Greiner, D., Geenen, V., Atlan-Gepner, C., Naspetti, M., Valéro, R., Barad, M., Lepault, F., Vialettes, B., Naquet, P., de Galan, B., Netea, M. G., Hancu, N., Smits, P., Van der Meer, J. W. M., Osterbye, T., Jørgensen, K. H., Tranum-Jensen, J., Fredman, P., Høy, M., Bokvist, K., Olsen, H. L., Horn, T., Gromada, J., Laub, R., Lohmann, T., Hahn, H. J., Adler, T., Emmrich, F., Rabuazzo, A. M., Lupi, R., Dotta, F., Patanè, G., Marselli, L., Realacci, M., Piro, S., Del Guerra, S., Santangelo, C., Navalesi, R., Purrello, F., Marchetti, P., de Vos, P., Visser, L., de Haan, B. J., Klok, P., van Schilfgaarde, R., Poppema, S., Juang, J.-H., Kuo, C.-H., Hsu, B. R.-S., Nacher, V., Pérez, M., Biarnés, M., Raurell, M., Soler, J., Montanya, E., Ritzel, R., Maubach, J., Büsing, M., Becker, T., Klempnauer, J., Hücking, K., Schmiegel, W. H., Nauck, M. A., Bouček, P., Saudek, F., Adamec, M., Kožitarová, R., Jedináková, T., Vlasáková, Z., Skibová, J., Bartoš, V., Maffi, P., Bertuzzi, F., Aldrighetti, L., Taglietti, M. V., Castelnuovo, A., Pozza, G., Di Carlo, V., Secchi, A., Renier, G., Mamputu, J.-C., Gillespie, J. S., McMaster, D., Mercer, C., Trimble, E. R., Lecomte, M., Véricel, E., Paget, C., Ruggiero, D., Lagarde, M., Wiernsperger, N., Pricci, F., Leto, G., Amadio, L., Cordone, S., Iacobini, C., Catalano, S., Violi, F., Rotella, C. M., Pugliese, G., Zicari, A., Gradini, R., Sale, P., Pala, L., Cresci, B., Giannini, S., Manuelli, C., Dahlfors, G., Arnqvist, H. J., Gonelle-Gispert, C., Halnan, P. A., Sadoul, K., Wolter, S., Lang, J., Niwa, T., Yu, W., Hidaka, H., Senda, T., Niki, I., Fukasawa, T., Renstrom, E., Barg, S., Seward, E., Rorsman, P., Rutter, G. A., Molinete, M., Lilla, V., Ravazzola, M., Halban, P. A., Efanov, A. M., Bertorello, A. M., Zaitsev, S. V., Zwiller, J., Berggren, P.-O., MŞengül, A., Salman, F., Sargrn, M., Özer, E., Karşidaǧ, K., Salman, S., Gedik, S., Satman, İ., Dinççaǧ, N., Yılmaz, M. T., Lloyd, A., Hopkinson, P. K., Testa, M. A., Blonde, L., Turner, R. R., Hayes, J., Simonson, D. C., van der Ven, N. C. W., Lubach, C. H. C., Snoek, F. J., Mollema, E. D., van der Ploeg, H. M., Danne, T., Hoey, H., McGee, H., Fitzgerald, H., Lernmark, B., Thernlund, G., Fredin, K., Hägglöf, B., Lugari, R., Dell’Anna, C., Ugolotti, D., Dei Cas, A., Barilli, A. L., Sard, L., Marani, B., Iotti, M., Zandomeneghi, R., Gnudi, A., Kjems, L. L., Volund, Aa., Toft-Nielsen, M., Damholt, M. B., Hilsted, L., Hughes, T. E., Krarup, T., Holst, J. J., Young, A., Gottlieb, A., Fineman, M., Kolterman, O., Cancelas, J., García-Martínez, J. A., Villanueva-Peñacarrillo, M. L., Valverde, I., Malaisse, W. J., Filipsson, K., Ahrén, B., Balkan, B., Kwasnik, L., Battle, B., Li, X., Egan, J. M., Clocquet, A. R., Elahi, D., Petrella, E., Pricket, K., Petersen, K. F., Sullivan, J. T., Amatruda, J. M., Livingston, J. N., Shulman, G. I., Freyse, E.-J., Knospe, S., Glund, K., Demuth, H.-U., Walker, D., Malik, R. A., Reljanovic, M., Barada, A., Milicevic, Z., Tack, Cees J., Goldstein, David S., Van Huysen, C., Stevens, M. J., Cao, X., Sundkvist, G., Dahlin, L.-B., Eriksson, K.-F., Rosén, I., Lattimer, S. A., Sima, A. A. F., Sullivan, K., Shaw, J. E., de Courten, M. P., Zimmet, P. Z., Gourdy, P., Ruidavets, J. B., Arveiler, D., Amouyel, Ph., Bingham, A., Tauber, J. P., Lam, K. S. L., Wat, N. M. S., Lam, T. H., Janus, E. D., de Pablos, P., Rodriguez, F., Martínez, J., Sánchez, V., Santana, C., García, I., Macías, A., Levin, K., Hother-Nielsen, O., Henriksen, J. E., Beck-Nielsen, H., Brechtel, K., Machann, J., Koch, M., Nielsen, M., Löblein, K., Becker, R., Denignger, M., Renn, W., Machicao, F., Claussen, C. D., Schick, F., Diraison, F., Moulin, P., Beylot, M., Thams, P., Capito, K., Eliasson, Lena, Barg, Sebastian, Göpel, Sven, Kanno, Takahiro, Renström, Erik, Meda, P., Charollais, A., Gjnovci, A., Calabrese, A., Wonkam, A., Caton, D., Wisznievski, L., Serre, V., Cogne, F., Bauquis, J., Bosco, D., Huarte, J., Herrera, P., Gotfredsen, C. F., Vessby, B., Manuel y Keenoy, B., Engelen, W., Vertommen, J., Schrans, S., Louheranta, A., Lindström, J., Tuomilehto, J., Segal, K. R., Heymsfield, S., Hauptman, J., Boldrin, M., Lucas, C., Pandolfi, A., Cetrullo, D., Polishchuck, R., Alberta, M., Pellegrini, G., Calafiore, A., Vitacolonna, E., Capani, F., Consoli, A., Halleux, C. M., Gillot, E. F., Brichard, S. M., Van der Planken, M., Corthouts, B., Peiffer, F., Scholten, D., Walke, M., Assert, R., Pirags, V., Pedula, K. L., Hillier, T. A., Brown, J. B., Santini, S. A., Marra, G., Cotroneo, P., Manto, A., Di Leo, M. A. S., Di Gregorio, S., Tordi, A., Pitocco, D., Ruotolo, V., Ghirlanda, G., Temelkova-Kurktschiev, T., Schaper, F., Koehler, C., Henkel, E., Hanefeld, M., Mancini, L., Citterio, F., Cotroneo, A., Ceroone, S., Castagneto, M., Rajbhandari, S. M., Dent, M. T., Plater, M. E., Harris, N. D., Tesfaye, S., Ward, J. D., Dupuy, O., Mayaudon, H., Lecoules, S., Bauduceau, B., Palou, M., Farret, O., Molinié, C., Antonelli-Incalzi, R., Fuso, L., Giordano, A., Calcagni, M. L., Todaro, L., Basso, S., Tramaglino, L. M., Troncone, L., Pistelli, R., Guillot, R., Bringuier, A., Porokhov, B., Guillausseau, P. J., Feldmann, G., Zivanic, S., Cizmic, M., Dragojevic, R., Vanovic, M., Borghouts, L. B., van Kranenburg, G. P. J., Schaart, G., Keizer, H. A., Niess, A. M., Dickuth, H. H., Lutz, O., Barbe, P., Calazel-Fournier, C., Hernandez, G., Saint-Martin, F., Galitzky, J., Gonçalves, A. A., da Silva, E. C., Brito, I. J. L., da Silva, C. A., Lawrence, N. J., Kousta, E., Mulnier, H., Penny, A., Millauer, B., Johnston, D. G., Robinson, S., Perriello, G., Pimenta, W., Pampanelli, S., Lucidi, P., Lepore, M., Porcellati, F., Cordoni, M. C., De Feo, P., Bolli, G. B., Sjöstrand, M., Holmäng, A., Lönnroth, P., Hauer, B., Grauer, P., Artzner, S., Lang, R., Stumvoll, M., Monti, L. D., Piatti, P. M., Gemone, F., Valsecchi, G., Magni, M., Barbieri, E., Setola, E., Sandoli, E. P., Galli-Kienle, M., Pontiroli, A. E., Nichols, Gregory A., Brown, Jonathan B., Salzsieder, E., Boltz, H., Ramirez, J. C., Rutscher, A., Fischer, U., Koenig, Ch., Friske, M., Schramm, W., Landgraf, R., Bachmann, W., Bangemann, M., Groeneveld, G., Edvell, Anders, Lindström, Per, Tsiotra, P., Koukourava, A., Raptis, S. A., Tsigos, C., Boutou, E., Triandaffilopoulou, A., Egido, E. M., Rodríguez-Gallardo, J., Gutiérrez, E., García, P., Silvestre, R. A., Marco, J., Khan, Akhtar, Ling, Zong-Chao, Ahren, Bo, Efendic, Suad, Bünting, C., Du, X., Zhi Sui, G., Rösen, P., Koschinsky, T., Kearney, T. M., Sharp, P. S., Lapolla, A., Fedele, D., Martano, L., Garbeglio, M., Seraglia, R., Favretto, D., Traldi, P., Meerwaldt, R., Smit, A. J., Links, Th. P., v. Roon, A. M., Graaf, R., Gans, R. O. B., Deynelİ, O., Ersöz, H. Ö., Gogas, D., Fak, A. S., Akalin, S., Veglio, M., Sivieri, R., Chinaglia, A., Scaglione, L., Le, T., Wong, N., Detrano, R., Charles, M. A., Colhoun, H. M., Francis, D. P., Rubens, M., Underwood, S. R., Fuller, J. H., Knudsen, E., Sato, A., Nielsen, F. S., Bonora, E., Kiechl, S., Willeit, J., Oberhollenzer, F., Egger, G., Bonadonna, R., Muggeo, M., Festa, A., D’Agostino, R., Howard, G., Mykkänen, L., Tracy, R. P., Haffner, S. M., Poulsen, P., Vach, K., Ijzerman, R. G., Bakker, S. J. L., Truster, J., Crowther, N. J., Cameron, N., Gray, I. P., Chaillous, L., Carel, J. C., Thivolet, C., Boitard, C., Charbonnel, B., Saï, P., Decochez, K., Keymeulen, B., Somers, G., Dorchy, H., Rottiers, R., Winnock, F., ver Elst, K., Weets, I., Pipeleers, D., Gorus, F., Seebaum, S., Schumm-Draeger, P.-M., Petzoldt, R., Federlin, K., Bonnevie-Nielsen, V., Martensen, P. M., Justesen, J., Worsaa, A., Karlsson, Maria, Sederholm, Sofia, Ludvigsson, Johnny, Bélicar, P., Dale, C., Vague, Ph., Alessis, C., Lassmann-Vague, V., Bode, B. W., Gross, T. M., Ghegan, M., Steed, R. D., Davidson, P. C., Ordoñez, A., Rubio, J. L., Sulleiro, J. M., Buendía, J. P., Zamora, J., Castillo, M., Schaupp, L., Ellmerer, M., Brunner, G. A., Sendlhofer, G., Schlack, Ch., Skrabal, F., Wach, P., Pieber, T. R., Heinemann, L., Krämer, U., Klötzer, H. M., Hermann, M., Cosgrove, K. E., Chapman, J. C., Shepherd, R. M., McIntyre, S., Butler, P. C., Dunne, M. J., Brekardin, E., Dörschner, H., Schwanstecher, C., Schwanstecher, M., Uhde, I., Emmanouilidou, E., Teschemacher, A. G., Pouli, A. E., Gylfe, E., Tengholm, A., Hellman, B., Perfetti, R., Aggarwal, S., Müller, Günter, Welte, Stefan, Wied, Susanne, Valverde, A. M., Mur, C., Kahn, C. R., Benito, M., Rondinone, C. M., Peterson, T., Laviola, L., Belsanti, G., Logoluso, F., Napoli, R., Davalli, A. M., Weir, G. C., Giorgino, R., Giorgino, F., Flesch, S., Hompesch, B., Rave, K., Susanto, F., Kühn-Velten, W. N., Heise, T., Rendell, M., Dole, J., Esper, R. J., Stein, E., Lemme, L., Rubinstein, A., Maritz, F. J., Soule, S., Market, A., Chajek-Shaul, T., Maislos, M., Tal, S., Stolero, D., Josefsen, K., Beckmann, H., Petersen, C., Ekman, R., Efanova, I., Zaitsev, S., Berggren, P. O., Birkenbach, M., Holl, R. W., Rosenbauer, J., Grabert, M., Icks, A., Schwab, O., Reile, K., Janssen, M. M. J., de Jongh, R. T., Casteleijn, S., Masurel, N., Hoogma, R. P. L. M., Santeusanio, F., Brunetti, P., Fanelli, C. G., Laureti, S., Bartocci, L., Maran, A., Crepaldi, C., Trupiani, S., Macdonald, I. A., Avogaro, A., Bouman, S. D., Keitz, M., Bruggink, J. E., Scheurink, A. J. W., Strubbe, J. H., Steffens, A. B., Ferguson, S. C., McCrimmon, R. J., Perros, P., Best, J. J. K., Deary, I. J., Frier, B. M., Robinson, R. T. C. E., Ireland, N. H., Bedford, C., Fairclough, E., Hudson, S., Heller, S. R., Borch-Johnsen, K., Berger, M., Overmann, H., Bender, R., Blank, M., Sawicki, P., Jörgens, V., Mühlhauser, I., Nosadini, R., Sailer, A., Dalla Vestra, M., Brocco, E., Piarulli, F., Frigato, F., Sambataro, M., Velussi, M., Baggio, B., Fioretto, P., Jager, A., van Hinsbergh, V. W. M., Kostense, P. J., Nrjpels, G., Gæde, P., Pedersen, O., Andrysiak-Mamos, E., Majkowska, L., Krzyżanowska, B., Pilarska, K., Czekalski, S., Mazzon, C., Brocco, S., Field, L. L., Nejentsev, S., Gombos, Z., Veijola, R., Knip, M., Simell, O., Vaarala, O., Åkerblom, H. K., Ilonen, J., Krokowski, M., Bodalski, J., Andrzejewski, W., Ławnik, M., Teodorczyk, A., Heinrich, A., Caillat-Zucman, S., Buzzetti, R., Petrone, A., Mesturino, C., Giorgi, G., Fiori, R., Nisticò, L., Di Genova, G., Cascino, I., Klöting, I., Kovacs, P., McKinney, P. A., Okasha, M., Parslow, R. C., Law, G. R., Gurney, K. A., Williams, R., Bodansky, H. J., Herzig, P., Giani, G., Vervoort, G., Lutterman, J. A., Berden, J. H. M., Wetzels, J. F. M., Paniagua, O., Shaw, L., Austin, C., Heagerty, A. M., Seppälä-Lindroos, A., Vehkavaara, S., Yki-Järvinen, H., Caballero, A. E., Lim, S. C., LoGerfo, F. W., Horton, E. S., Zembowicz, A., Fragasso, G., Caumo, A., Phan, V. C., Costa, S., Conti, M., Chierchia, S. L., Vigili de Kreutzenberg, S., Marchetto, S., Calò, L., Wascher, T. C., Wölkart, G., Brunner, F., Tripathy, Devjit, Carlsson, Martin, Isomaa, Bo, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Groop, Leif, Stoffers, D. A., Muller, D. C., Wideman, L., Chin, G. A., Clarke, W. L., Hanks, J. B., Habener, J. F., Guazzarotti, L., Toffolo, G., Clementi, L., Vespasiani, G., Cobelli, C., Clauin, S., Bellanné-Chantelot, C., Bartolotta, E., Gautier, J.-F., Wilson, C., Weyer, C., Mort, D., Knowler, W. C., Polonsky, K., Bogardus, C., Pratley, R. E., Porksen, N., Veldhuis, J. D., Polonsky, K. S., Byrne, M. M., Brandt, A., Arnold, R., Katschinski, M., Göke, B., Hardt, E., Fritsche, A., Stefan, N., Schützenauer, S., Lüddeke, H. J., Renner, R., Hepp, K. D., Shnawa, N., Krugluger, W., Hopmeier, P., Schernthaner, G., Kautzky-Willer, A., Prager, R., Fallucca, F., Sabbatini, A., Sciullo, E., Torresi, P., Mazziotti, F., Maroccia, E., Napoli, A., Buongiorno, A., Deberg, M., Dozio, N., Castiglioni, M. T., Sodoyez-Goffaux, F., Carvalheiro, M., Fagulha, I., Fagulha, A., Gomes, L., Paiva, S., Marta, E., Sobral, E., Leitão, F., Pinto, L., Ruas, M., Buchanan, T., Di Cianni, G., Volpe, L., Casadidio, I., Bottone, P., Teti, G., Boldrini, A., Benzi, L., Rasera, T., Becciu, V., Beretta, A., Almirante, G., Castiglioni, M., Kerényi, Zs., Stella, P., Nádasdi, Á., Baranyi, É., Csákány, M. Gy., Tamás, Gy., Mehta, Z. M., Manley, S., Zimmett, P., Bottazzo, G. F., Hoey, Hilary, Mollensen, Henrik, Hougaard, Philip, McGee, Hanna, Vidal, J., Fernández, M., Sesmilo, G., Casamitjana, R., Gomis, R., Conget, I., Rathmann, W., Curran, S., Mitchell, J., Hennings, S., Katsaros, T., Saflianis, I., Gigiakou, E., Kasi, E., Polychroniades, V., Dzien, A., Dzien-Bischinger, Ch., Hadjidakis, D., Apostolopoulou, N., Sfakianakis, M., Raptis, A. E., Ryysy, L., Häkkinen, A.-M., Goto, T., Westerbacka, J., Halavaara, J., Libman, I., Pietropaolo, M., LaPorte, R., Pietropaolo, S., Becker, D., Pirie, F. J., York, D. F., Motala, A. A., Omar, M. A. K., Tzaneva, V., Iotova, V., Jaeger, C., Hatziagelaki, E., Stroedter, A., Becker, F., Bretzel, R. G., Strebelow, M., Schlosser, M., Ziegler, B., Ziegler, M., Wassmuth, R., Ostrauskas, R., Žalinkevičius, R., Norkus, A., Jarosz-Chobot, P., Otto-Buczkowska, E., Koehler, B., Maklakiewicz, E., Green, A., Ionescu-Tirgoviste, C., Serban, V., Guja, C., Mota, M., Creteanu, G., Calin, A., Morosanu, M., Ferariu, I., Halmagy, I., Cristescu, I., Strugariu, M., Minescu, A., Barbul, R., Visalli, N., Sabastiani, L., Adorisio, E., Cassone Faldetta, M. R., Multari, G., Casu, A., Songini, M., Pozzilli, P., Muntoni, Sa., Wäänänen, S., Law, G., Muntoni, S., Shubnikov, E., Choubnikova, J., Mikulecký, M., Michalková, D., Hlava, P., Teuscher, A. U., Reinli, K., Teuscher, A., Zhao, H. X., Stenhouse, E., Moyeed, R., Demaine, A. G., Millward, B. A., Feltbower, R. G., Holland, P., Campbell, F., Fear, N. T., Wasmuth, H. E., Elliott, R. B., McLachlan, C., Erhardt, G., Kolb, H., Guaita, G., Pelligra, I., Motzo, C., Obinu, M., Cossu, E., Cirillo, R., Kinalski, M., Krętowski, A., Bingley, P., Kinalska, I., Douek, I. F., Bingley, P. J., Gale, E. A. M., Imagawa, A., Hanafusa, T., Miyagawa, J., Matsuzawa, Y., Todd, J. A., Welsh, K., Marshall, S., Nolsøe, R., Kristiansen, O. P., Larsen, Z., Johannesen, J., Jahromi, M. M., Larsen, Z. M., Kyvik, K. O., Jeanclos, E., Schork, N. J., Aviv, A., Sieradzki, J., Małecki, M. T., Klupa, T., Hanna, L., Sieradzka, J., Frey, J., Królewski, A. S., Calvo, B., Bilbao, J. R., Perez de Nanclares, G., Castaño, L., Santos, J. L., Pérez-Bravo, F., Piquer, S., Puig-Domingo, M., Carrasco, E., Calvillán, M., De Leiva, A., Albala, C., Cavallo, M. G., Manca Bitti, M. L., Suraci, C., Crinò, A., Giordano, C., Cervoni, M., Sbriglia, M. S., Bizzarri, C., Marietti, G., Füchtenbusch, M., Bonifacio, E., Kredel, K., Schnell, O., Ziegler, A. G., Assaad-Khalil, S. H., Michelsen, B. K., El-Azzouni, O., Abou-Seif, M., Kamel, F., Fouad, K., Abdel-Aty, T., El-Sheikh, S., Zamani, Mahdi, Pociot, Hemming, Nerup, Jorn, Cassiman, Jean-Jacques, Olivares, E., Ladrière, L., Laghmich, A., Sener, A., Scott, F. W., Ivanova, O., Poltorack, V., Gorbenko, N., Gladkich, A., Nikitchenko, I., Dunger, A., Augstein, P., Berg, S., Williams, A. J. K., Norcross, A. J., Gillmor, H. A., Lampasona, V., Bernasconi, L., Hermite, L., Martin-Moutot, N., Boucraut, J., Seagar, M., Couraud, F., Scirpoli, M., Maioli, M., Tonolo, G., Bekris, L., Schranz, D., Ciccarese, M., Lernmark, A., Lee, H. C., Nam, J. H., Ahn, C. W., Song, Y. D., Lim, S. K., Kim, K. R., Huh, K. B., Fajardo, C., Carmona, E., Sanchez-Cuenca, J. M., Campos, V., Carles, C., Brazales, A., Merino, F., Piñón, F., Mašek, Z., Perušičová, J., Bárová, H., Šterzl, I., Hejduková, H., Schneiderka, P., Hink, S., Muzyka, B., Streit, G., Kopp, H. P., Kroiss, A., Tankova, T., Dakovska, L., Kirilov, G., Koev, D., Abrams, P., De Block, C., Rooman, R., Du Caju, M., Eibl, N. L., Wolf, H., Eibl, M. M., Di Cesare, E., Previti, M., Lombardo, F., Di Benedetto, A., Romano, G., De Luca, F., Cucinotta, D., Brunelle, R. L., Huang, J., Fineberg, S. E., Anderson, J. H., List, C., Lamesch, P., Kohlhaw, K., Schwarz, C., Wenzke, M., Richter, O., Hauss, J., Zeng, S. F., Xu, X. S., Zheng, S. X., Shii, K., Baba, S., Bonfanti, R., Bazzigaluppi, E., Meschi, F., Bognetti, E., Bosi, E., Chiumello, G., Cinapri, V., Quilici, S., Forotti, G., Giampietro, O., Matteucci, E., Luppi, P., Zanone, M. M., Rudert, W., Haluszczak, C., Alexander, A., Bertera, S., Gottlieb, P., Trucco, M., Irnstetter, A., Jäger, G., Schenker, M., Ziegler, M. A. G., Myśliwiec, J., Szelachowska, M., Monetini, L., Valente, L., Coppolino, G., Stefanini, L., Corbi, S., Spera, S., Matteoli, M. C., Ferrazzoli, F., Cantagallo, A., De Mattia, G. C., Walker, B., Sonnet, E., Gibassier, J., Derrien, C., Massart, C., Allannic, H., Maugendre, D., Leech, N. J., Elsegood, K. A., Narendran, P., Hubbard, A., Dayan, C. M., Mianowska, B., Bodalska-Lipińska, J., Chrul, S., Wyka, K., Geissler, A., Schneider, M. L., Bochow, B., Koop, I., Zhang, T. M., Zhang, Y., Han, C. H., Jin, S. X., Dervogormiyacıyan, H., Araslı, M., Aydemir, D., Yıllar, G., Deniz, G., Gürol, A. O., Aktaş, E., Tütüncü, Y., Pertyñska, M. P., Banasik, M., Zeman, K., Cypryk, K., Wilczyñski, J., Tchórzewski, H., Müser, E. S., Baier, J. E., Bergbauer, M., Schmutz, G., Figge, A., Reiser, M., Schmiegel, W., Burkart, V., Kim, Y.-E., Kauer, M., Utsugi, T., Kanda, T., Kobayashi, I., Uchiyama, T., Ito, H., Ohyama, Y., Tomono, S., Kawazu, S., Nagai, R., Hehmke, B., Heinke, P., Kelemen, K., Wegmann, D., Hutton, J. C., Wachlin, G., Schröder, D., Schmidt, S., Schloot, N. C., Hanifi-Moghaddam, P., Goebel, C., Rothe, H., Hausmann, A., Laureys, J., Depovere, J., Waer, M., Karsten, V., Tritschler, S., Belcourt, A., Pinget, M., Kessler, L., Gregori, S., Sala, L., Smiroldo, S., Davalli, A., Adorini, L., Bo, S., Repetti, E., Gentile, L., Fornengo, P., Bruno, A., Ferrero, L., Kanoun, F., Harzallah, F., Ftouhi, B., Mekaouar, A., Bellaaj, R., Fekih, M., Mebazaa, A., Zouari, B., Ben Khalifa, F., Spijkerman, A. M. W., Ruige, J. B., Colagiuri, S., Colagiuri, R., Palu, T., Na’ati, E., Muimui-heata, S., Samiu, O., deBlieck, C., Ta’ai, A., Foliaki, S., Hussain, Z., McLennan, M., Hansen, C. N., Ibsen, H., Dogadin, S. A., Nozdratchev, K. G., Lidfeldt, J., Nerbrand, C., Lindholm, L. H., Samsioe, G., Scherstén, B., Agardh, C.-D., Wójcikowski, Cz., Grzeszczak, W., Łopatyński, J., Bandurska-Stankiewicz, E., Mardarowicz, G., Król, H., Matej, A., Czupryniak, L., Kropiwnicka, A., Drzewoski, J., Viljoen, E., Costa, A., Martinez, S., Carmona, F., Levy, I., Baruffaldi, L., Solerte, B., Mantovani, E., Boullu, S., Jeandidier, N., Legaludec, V., Costa, B., Franch, J., Martín, F., Morató, J., Donado, A., Basora, J., Daniel, J., Sayeed, M. A., Mahtab, H., Kibriya, M. G., Khanam, P. A., Azad Khan, A. K., de Courten, M., Chitson, P., Cox, H., King, R., Dachtler, J., Johnston, D., Ito, C., Kataoka, M., Lakhdar, A. A., Myers, M. A., Fuecker, K., Echwald, S. M., Hansen, T., Ekstrøm, C. T., Urhammer, S. A., Eiberg, H., Roberts, S., Barrow, B. A., Hainsworth, J., Schousboe, K., Henriksenog, J. E., Sørensen, T. I. A., Herlihy, O. M., Timmer, B., Grant, P. J., Bennett, S. M. A., Ghunaim, S. A., Stewart, M. W., Baroni, M. G., Sentinelli, F., Lovari, S., Vitali, M., Capici, F., Barbetti, F., Weng, J. P., Lehto, M., Li, H., Forsblom, C., Groop, L., Blanche, H., Morel, V., Hansen, L., Stanojevic, V., Petersen, H. V., Urioste, S., Stoffers, D., Møller, A. M., Serup, P., Ek, J., Durviaux, S., Clausen, J. O., Rousseau, G. G., Lemaigre, F. P., Bjørkhaug, L., Njølstad, P. R., Lindner, T., Cockburn, B. N., Molven, A., Søvik, O., Lindner, T. H., Horikawa, Y., Sovik, O., Frederiksen, S. K., Almind, K., Van Obberghen, E., Kovács, P., van den Brandt, J., Fenger, M., Vaag, A., Haist, K., Weisser, M., Rettig, A., Zhang, M., Chung, S. S. M., Pihlajamäki, J., Karjalainen, L., Karhapää, P., Vauhkonen, I., Cassell, P., Uwakwe, N., Kopelman, P., Ramachandran, A., Snehalatha, C., Rasmussen, S. K., Lautier, C., Grigorescu, F., Smith, R. J., Frayling, T., Turner, R., Hitman, G., Subba Rao, P., Bennett, A. J., Jones, E., Lathrop, G. M., Menzel, S., Wahid, F., Cooper, L., Scott, J., Aitman, T. J., Galli, J., Fakhrai-Rad, H., Kamel, A., Marcus, C., Norgren, S., Luthman, H., Wallis, R. H., Collins, S. C., Kaisaki, P. J., Ktorza, A., Lathrop, M., Gauguier, D., Huxtable, S., McCarthy, M., Shimomura, H., Hanabusa, T., Tsunoda, K., Lazdins, M., Dalgaard, L. T., Jensen, N. M., Jensen, J. N., Lynn, S., Turnbull, D. M., Pérez de Nanclares, G., Gaztambide, S., Vázquez, J. A., Groves, C. J., Izmajlowicz, M. L., Horton, V. A., Owen, R. J., Stratton, I. R., Green, F. R., Groves, C., Horton, V., Owen, R., Stratton, I., Clark, L. A., Voigt, A., Rochlitz, H., Rau, H., Braun, J., Schmidt, K., Plock, K., Donner, H., Schöneberger, A., Usadel, K. H., Badenhoop, K., Bendlová, B., Mazura, I., Včelák, J., Vondra, K., Palyzová, D., Svatoš, J., Mikšová, P., Russo, G., Couture, P., Wilson, P. W. F., Cupples, L. A., Otvos, J. D., Schaefer, E. J., Ordovas, J. M., Malecki, M. T., Ji, L., Curtis, S., Rich, S. S., Warram, J. H., Krolewski, A. S., Gudayol, M., Usac, E. F., van Essen, E. H. R., Roep, B. O., ’t Hart, L. M., Janssen, J. J., van den Ouweland, J. M. W., Lemkes, H. H. P. J., Maassen, A. J., Nakano, S., Fukuda, M., Maejima, K., Imaizumi, N., Kitazawa, M., Nishizawa, M., Kigoshi, T., Uchida, K., Le Gall, J. Y., David, V., Baltrusch, S., Richter, T., da Silva Xavier, G., Dickens, M., Belin, V. D., Green, I. C., Burns, C. J., Squires, P. E., Howell, S. L., Persaud, S. J., Ban, N., Yamada, Y., Someya, Y., Ihara, Y., Tsuda, K., Seino, Y., Alcazar, O., Tyrberg, B., Carlsson, C., Andersson, A., Mukai, E., Ishida, H., Fujimoto, S., Kajikawa, M., Fujita, J., Tsuura, Y., Malaisse-Lagae, F., Picton, S., Tamarit-Rodriguez, J., Mukala-Nsengu-Tshibangu, A., Fernández, S., Giné, E., Ortsäter, H., Liss, P., Åkerman, K. E. O., Bergsten, P., Hu, S., Wang, S., Roos, E. S., Gounarides, J. S., Shapiro, M. J., de Souza, C. J., Papas, K. K., Nishimura, M., Kadiata, M. M., Louchami, K., Jijakli, H., Rajan, A. S., Kuang, S., Iyer, D., Waddell, I. D., Holloway, B. R., Ishihara, H., Wang, H., Wollheim, C. B., Ayvaz, G., Mercan, D., Rasschaert, J., Giroix, M.-H., Scruel, O., Portha, B., Broca, C., Fernandez-Alvarez, J., Manteghetti, M., Gross, R., Sauvaire, Y., Petit, P., Ribes, G., McClenaghan, N. H., Ball, A. J., Flatt, P. R., Rustenbeck, I., Dickel, C., Winkler, M., Grimmsmann, T., Meyer, U., Gross, I., Barnes, P. D., O’Brien, R. E., Abdel-Wahab, Y. H. A., Hashmi, M. N., Giesberts, A. N., White, S. J., Cooper, E. J., Hudson, A. L., Eglen, R. M., Dillon, M. P., Chan, S. L. F., Morgan, N. G., Parini, A., Gotfredsen, C., Ullrich, S., Su, J., Rösier, M., Hescheler, J., Greger, R., Wardt, R., Arredouani, A., Gailly, P., Henquin, J. C., Gilon, P., Macfarlane, W. N., Docherty, K., Jonkers, F. C., Schöfl, C., Börger, J., von zur Mühlen, A., Brabant, G., Grapengiesser, E., Harris, T. E., Buchan, A. M. J., Jones, P. M., Jaikaran, E. T. A. S., Marcon, G., St George-Hyslop, P. H., Fraser, P. E., Clark, A., Lebrun, P., Antoine, M.-H., Nguyen, Q.-A., Rorsman, Patrik, Wasmeier, C., Antinozzi, P., Maechler, P., Schwartz, E., Wollheim, C., Roderigo, H. M., Matsumoto, K., Ebihara, K., Yamamoto, H., Tabuchi, H., Fukunaga, K., Yasunami, M., Ohkubo, H., Miyamoto, E., Horn, P. A., García-Barrado, M. J., Sancho, C., Martín, M., Moratinos, J., Westerlund, J., Lin, J. M., Brown, R., Björklund, A., Grill, V., Detimary, P., Guiot, Y., Rahier, J., Elmi, A., Sehlin, J., Hauge-Evans, A. C., Cybal, M., Druzyńska, J., Wierzchowska, J., Krippeit-Drews, P., Drews, G., Krämer, C., Jornot, L., Düfer, M., Nöda, M., Yamashita, S., Takahashi, N., Tsubamoto, Y., Kasai, H., Sharp, G. W. G., Lembert, N., Joos, H. C., Ammon, H. P. T., Wahl, M. A., Ainscow, E. K., Zhao, C., Fabregat, M. E., Fernández-Álvarez, J., Franco, C., Novelli, M., Fernàndez-Alvarez, J., Masiello, P., Lajoix, A., Beffy, P., Roux, S., Chardès, T., Roye, M., Lajoix, A. D., Reggio, H., Peraldi-Roux, S., Henningsson, R., Salehi, A., Lundquist, I., Stickings, P., Mistry, S., Ratcliff, H., Morris, S. M., Cunningham, J. M., Ekelund, M., Ermakova, N. V., Paulssen, R. H., Florholmen, J., Carmellini, M., Mosca, F., Patané, G., Longo, D., Squatrito, S., Clement, L., Magnan, C., Vincent, M., Penicaud, L., Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, F., Vigneri, R., Rolfsen, S. E. D., Gregersen, S., Hermansen, K., Blondeau, B., Rojas, I., Novials, A., Femández-Usac, E., Cristóbal, P., Higham, C. E., Lawrie, L., Sherman, K. I. J., Birch, N., Tito, P., Robinson, C. V., de Koning, E. J. P., Verbeek, J. S., Esapa, C., Laube, B., Powell, D. S., Maksoud, H., Chargé, S. B. P., Matthews, D. R., Stratton, I. M., Karlsson, S., Myrsén-Axcrona, U., Östlund, B., Sundler, F., Bertrand, G., Puech, R., Bockaert, J., Persson-Sjögren, S., Täljedal, I.-B., Mooney, M. H., O’Harte, F. P. M., Simonsson, E., Abdel-Halim, Samy M., Efendić, Suad, Ahrén, Bo, Yanagida, K., Arima, T., Yada, T., Egéa, J. C., Hirtz, C., Deville de Périère, D., Meoni, C., Falqui, L., Arcelloni, C., Paroni, R., Folli, F., Barry, R., Turner, N. C., Tadayyon, M., Arch, J. R., Sutti, F., Perego, L., Baglioni, S., Otte, A., Socci, C., Raffaele, H. S., Stumpf, E., Aalto, Y., Otonkoski, T., Knuutila, S., Andersson, L. C., Berra, C., Furlan, R., Coppelli, A., Tellini, C., Bordignon, C., Rouiller, D. G., Lister, C. A., Moore, G. B. T., Piercy, V., Newman, M., Chapman, H., Smith, S. A., Anastasi, E., Bulotta, A., Tiberti, C., Ponte, E., Liddi, R., Taruscio, D., Falchi, M., Annerén, C., Welsh, M., Bernard, C., Ilic, C., Guilbert, V., Palgi, J., Korbutt, G. S., Rayat, G. R., Rajotte, R. V., Kieffer, T. J., Karlsson, Ella, Sandler, Stellan, Boujendar, S., Huotari, M.-A., Miettinen, P. J., Keski-Oja, J., Breda, E., Pacini, G., Vilsbøll, T., Toft-Nielsen, M.-B., Dinesen, B., Corssmit, E. P. M., Qvigstad, E., Mostad, I. L., Bjerve, K., Ann, C. W., Kume, M., Hiramatsu, M., Taniguchi, J., Saito, Y., Kawasaki, Y., Kanazawa, M., Notoya, Y., Hayashi, T., Djemli, A., Gallice, P., Coste, T., Jannot, M. F., Dufayet, D., Raccah, D., Vague, P., Sattar, S., Basak, R. C., Hasan, Z., Ali, L., Nikulina, M. A., Karlsen, A. E., Hong, T. P., Andersen, N. A., Puren, A. J., Fantuzzi, G., Dinarello, C. A., Gysemans, C. A., Sparre, T., Fey, S., Larsen, P. M., Andersson, A. K., John, N. E., Fey, S. J., Mose Larsen, P., Frigerio, S., Ghayur, T., Holländer, G. A., Zumsteg, U., Pinach, S., Monge, L., Grassi, G., Pasquero, P., Ruiu, G., Dall’Omo, A., Carta, Q., Hadjivassiliou, V., Dunger, A. M., Green, M. H. L., Rasilainen, S., Roivainen, M., Ylipaasto, P., Bouwens, L., Hovi, T., Sekine, N., Takahashi, K., Ishikawa, T., Okazaki, T., Fujita, T., Elliott, J., Scarpello, J. H. B., Conroy, S., Byrne, P., Newsholme, P., Harrison, M., Greenl, I. C., Kaya, F., Süsleyici, B., Öztürk, M., Eisner, M., Guldbakke, B., Karpenko, N., Brizgalova, G., Alesina, M., Røder, M. E., Schwartz, R. S., Prigeon, R., Kahn, S. E., Kendereški, A., Micić, D., Šumarac, M., Macut, Dj., Zonć, S., Čolić, M., Cvijović, G., Gligorović, P., Courtney, C. H., Atkinson, A. B., Ennis, C., Sheridan, B., Bell, P. M., Jolly, M., Amin, R., Godsland, I., Horvoka, R., Anyaoku, V., Lawrence, N., Krasova, N., Sergienko, L., Mingrone, G., Plat, L., Balasse, E. O., Zykova, T., Jenssen, T., Strelkova, A., Zykova, S., Tipisova, E., Féry, F., Wijenaike, A. N., Watt, P. W., Jung, R. T., Bolton-Smith, C., Rennie, M. J., Ludvik, B., Aigmueller, Th., Waldhaeusl, W., Courtois, P., Bource, F., Guenat, E., Philippe, J., Jéquier, E., Tappy, L., Benny, Santosa, Grönemeyer, Dietrich, Aygen, Sitke, Scholz, Nicole, Busch, Martin, Tauveron, I., Rochon, C., Dejax, C., Benoit, P., Capitan, P., Bayle, G., Prugnaud, J., Fabricio, A., Champredon, C., Thieblot, P., Grizard, J., Nielsen, M. F., Nyholm, B., Chandramouli, V., Schumann, W. C., Landau, B. R., Rizza, R. A., Mitrakou, A., Meyer, C., Tolias, A., Platanisiotis, D., Vlachos, L., Gerich, J., Wajngot, A., Sprangers, F., Jellema, W. T., Lopuhaä, C. E., van Lieshout, J. J., van der Zee, J. S., Mithieux, G., Croset, M., Zitoun, C., Hurot, J. M., Rajas, F., Montano, S., Willem, R., Verbruggen, I., Grue-Sørensen, G., Björkling, F., Watson, N. D., Burns, S. P., Murphy, H. C., Iles, R. A., Cohen, R. D., Rooney, K., Swan, V., Phuyal, J., Millar, J., Bryson, J., Denyer, G., Caterson, I., Thompson, C., Gaster, M., Handberg, Aa., Schrøder, H. D., Alzaid, A., Sobki, S., Thye-Rønn, P., Alford, F., Christopher, M., Gras, F., Brunmair, B., Neschen, S., Py, G., Lambert, K., Raynaud, E., Mercier, J., Tsuchihashi, K., Sumida, Y., Fujimoto, H., Nakamura, M., Miyata, E., Furuta, M., Katsuki, A., Ito, K., Sasaki, R., Hori, Y., Yano, Y., Adachi, Y., Lauritz, J., Eriksson, J. W., Burén, J., Zhao, L. J., Li, Z.-C., Kullin, M., Karlsson, F. A., Redondo, A., Puente, J., Clemente, F., González, N., Moberg, E., Amer, P., Hagström-Toft, E., Bolinder, J., Björnholm, M., Krook, A., Galuska, D., Myers, M., Zierath, J. R., Wallberg-Henriksson, H., Niklasson, M., Strindberg, L., Sternberg, F., Hebeda, S., Kratzer, W., Salgado, M. I., Hoss, U., Kalatz, B., Lohmann, S., Fussgänger, R., Khomazjuk, A. I., Ncscheret, A. P., Gonchar, I. V., Quinones-Galvan, A., Sironi, A. M., Cominacini, L., Nagai, Y., Yamashita, H., Takamura, T., Kobayashi, K., Szanto, I., Peth, J. A., Kinnick, T. R., Youngblood, E. B., Tritschler, H. J., Henriksen, E. J., Gašperíková, D., Rufo, C., Teran-Garcia, M., Nakamura, M. T., Clarke, S. D., Pye, S., Zhang, Z., Radziuk, J., Guignot, L., Bell, K. S., Lim-Fraser, M., Cooney, G., Kraegen, E. W., Takayama, S., Legare, D. J., Macedo, M. P., Lautt, W. W., Bradley, B., Barron, P., Davies, J., Ader, M., Richey, J. M., Ait El Mkadem, S., Macari, F., Renard, E., Méchaly, I., Brun, J. F., Cros, G., Bringer, J., del Aguila, L. F., Krishnan, R. K., Farrell, P. A., Ulbrecht, J., Correll, P. H., Kirwan, J. P., Mei, J., Rahn-Landström, T., Brindley, D., Manganiello, V., Degerman, E., Ziv, E., Shafrir, E., Kaiman, R., Galer, S., Bar-On, H., Gerő, L., Földes, K., Janssen, J., Járay, J., Perner, F., Haap, M., Houdali, B., Schmit, M. B., Dietze, G. J., Perrini, S., Natalicchio, A., Montrone, C., de Robertis, O., De Pergola, G., Strack, V., Kellerer, M., Kausch, C., Condorelli, G., Beguinot, F., Häring, H.-U., Song, X. M., Chibalin, A. V., Ryder, J. W., Jiang, X. J., Alessi, D. R., Hennige, A. M., Metzinger, E., Seipke, G., Trüb, T., Hey, A., Sørensen, A. R., Schäffer, L., Drejer, K., Kurtzhals, P., Hansen, B. F., Matozaki, T., Noguchi, T., Yamao, T., Takada, T., Ochi, F., Takeda, H., Inagaki, K., Hosoka, T., Kasuga, M., Schürt, M., Meier, M., Drenckhan, M., Meyer, M., Aries, S. P., Klein, H. H., Telting, D., van der Zon, G. C. M., Dorrestijn, J., Maassen, J. A., Clapham, J. C., Holder, J. C., Tomlinson, K. M., Pickavance, L., Buckingham, R., Wilding, J., Jacinto, S. M., Harrold, J., Ljung, B., Kjellstedt, A., Thalén, P., Widdowson, P., Williams, G., Oakes, N., Aoki, K., Saito, T., Satoh, S., Mukasa, K., Kaneshiro, M., Kawasaki, S., Hoshino, K., Okamura, A., Sekihara, H., Smith, U., Johansson, A., Nilsson, E., Olausson, T., Nakazawa, T., Suzuki, M., Martinez, J., Murado, P., Azal, Ö., Yönem, A., Çakır, B., Polat, Z., Kutlu, M., Çorakçı, A., Bayraktar, M., Gürlek, A., Koray, Z., Damian, M. S., Linn, T., Laube, H., Arzner, S., Meißner, H.-P., Giunti, S., Comune, M., Cassader, M., Conte, M. R., Sacchi, C., Musso, G., Mecca, F., Depetris, N., Gambino, R., Perin, P. Cavallo, Kawakami, S., Sandqvist, M., Jansson, P.-A., Šindelka, G., Widimský, J., Haas, T., Prázný, M., Mari, A., Nolan, J. J., Uusitupa, M. I. J., Karşıdağ, K., Hacıhanefioğlu, B., Dinççağ, N., Drivsholm, T., Palacios, R. T., Vølund, A., Pedersen, Oluf B., Letiexhe, M. R., Scheen, A. J., Quiñones Galvan, A., Simeoni, M., Basu, A., Uosukainen, A., Mäkimattila, S., Schlenzka, A., Adler, A. I., Levy, J., Stevens, R., Matthews, D., Holman, R., Boland, B. J., Jeanjean, M., Hermans, M. P., Maudoigt, C., Tonglet, R., Robert, A., Quiñones-Galvan, A., Cini, G., Galetta, F., Sanna, G., Gernone, F., Janssen, M. J., Gonera, R. K., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., de Leeuw, P. W., Schaper, N. C., Molęda, P., Kuczerowski, R., Czech, A., Tatoń, J., Taddei, S., Patiag, D., Qu, X., Wilkes, M., Gray, S., Seale, J. P., Donnelly, R., Campión, J., Maestro, B., Dávila, N., Carranza, M. C., Calle, C., Hales, C. N., Fernández-Real, J. M., Grasa, M., Pugeat, M., Barret, C., Ricart, W., Lindmark, S., Olsson, T., Tufvesson, M., Loeblein, K., Mehnert, B., Haering, H. U., Rave, Klaus, Heise, Tim, Clauson, Per, Hirschberger, Sabine, Heinemann, Lutz, Claret, M., Nadal, B., Truc, A., Rossi, L., Hildebrand, P., Ketterer, S., Beglinger, C., Keller, U., Gyr, K., Parvin, S., Overkamp, D., Vayreda, M., González-Huix, F., G-Huix, F., Zavaroni, I., Gasparini, P., Massironi, P., Zuccarelli, A., Delsignore, R., Reaven, G. M., Sheu, W. H. H., Lee, W. J., Chen, Y.-T., Iraklianou, S., Tournis, S., Volonakis, I., Spylopoulou, M., Bilianou, E., Melidonis, A., Foussas, S., Güler, Serdar, çakir, Bekir, Demi̇rbaş, Berrin, Gürsoy, Gül, Serter, Rüştü, Aral, Yalçin, Morton, G., Lee, S., Fahey, R., de Silva, A., Cai, X. J., Buckingham, R. E., Arch, J. R. S., Wilson, S., Clausen, J. T., Kristensen, P., Nielsen, P. F., Wulff, B. S., Thim, L., Holness, M. J., Sugden, M. C., Fryer, L. G. D., Munns, M. J., Mannucci, E., Ognibene, A., Cremasco, F., Bardini, G., Mencucci, A., Ciani, S., Pierazzuoli, E., Tsuchihashil, K., Rigalleau, V., Delafaye, C., Baillet, L., Vergnot, V., Brunou, P., Gatta, B., Gin, H., Felber, J. P., Munger, R., Assimacopoulos, F., Bobbioni, E., Golay, A., Wilken, M., Larsen, F. S., Buckley, D., Molina, L. M., Marquez, L., Arbeo, A., Hernandez, C., Kofod, H., Damholt, A. B., Buchan, A., Márquez, L., Luque, M. A., Sarti, L., Sutton, P. J., Behle, K., Heimesaat, M. M., Hüfner, M., Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg, Mølier, Niels, Christiansen, Jens Sandahl, Schmitz, Ole, Deacon, C. F., Brock, B., Knudsen, L. B., Agersø, H., Huusfeldt, P. O., Kelly, C. M. N., Brunn, C., Schioos, J., Sewing, S., Lemansky, P., Wawro, S., Mest, H. J., Taguchi, T., Motoshima, H., Yoshizato, K., Guenifi, Amel, Henriksson, M., Johansson, J., Shafqat, J., Tally, M., Wahren, J., Jömvall, H., Ekberg, K., Rigler, R., Pramanik, A., Kratz, G., Johansson, B.-L., Uhlén, M., Jörnvall, H., Forst, T., Dufayet De La Tour, D., Kunt, T., Pfützner, A., Goitom, K., Pohlmann, T., Schneider, S., Johansson, B. L., Löbig, M., Engelbach, M., Beyer, J., Ekman, Bertil, Nyström, Fredrik, Arnqvist, Hans J., Halvatsiotis, P. G., Meek, S., Bigelow, M., Nair, K. S., Maghsoudi, S., Fisker, S., Vølund, A. A., Jörgensen, J. O. L., Christiansen, J. S., Hilsted, J., Mazerkina, N. A., Tiulpakov, A. N., Gorelyshev, S. K., Peterkova, V. A., Macut, D. J., Dieguez, C., Casanueva, F. F., Catalina, P. F., Mallo, F., Andrade, A., García-Mayor, R. V. G., Popova, V. V., ter Maaten, J. C., Popp-Snijders, C., Madsen, L., Ukropec, J., Bergene, E., Rnstan, A. C., Berge, R., Arner, P., Wahl, G., Häring, H., Bryson, J. M., Curtis, S. E., Caterson, I. D., Winzell, M. Sörhede, Svensson, H., Ahnén, B., Holm, C., Phillips, C., Madigan, C., Owens, D., Collins, P., Johnson, A., Tomkin, G. H., Cabezas, M. Castro, van Oostrom, A. J. H. H. M., Erkelens, D. W., Summers, L. K. M., Fielding, B. A., Ilic, V., Clark, M. L., Frayn, K. N., Pietzsch, J., Julius, U., Nitzsche, S., Fischer, S., Lindgren, C., Amrot-Fors, L., Hoffmann, M. M., Luft, D., Schmülling, R.-M., D’Adamo, M., Leonetti, F., Paoloni, A., Ribaudo, M. C., Basso, M. S., Elmore, U., Restuccia, A., Sbraccia, P., Emilsson, V., O’Dowd, J., Heyman, R., Cawthorne, M. A., Pelikánová, T., Kazdová, L., Žák, A., Chvojková, Š., Özer, E. M., Kadıoğlu, P., Korugan, Ü., Hatemi, H., Rivellese, A. A., Dullaart, R. P. F., Riemens, S. C., Sluiter, W. J., van Tol, A., Farnier, M., Megnien, S., Turpin, G., Stulp, B. K., Brambilla, P., Brunelli, A., Riva, M. C., Manzoni, P., de Poli, S., Riboni, S., Stolk, R. P., Meijer, R., Wink, O., Zelissen, P. M. J., van Gils, A. P. G., Grobbee, D. E., Vilarrasa, N., Gimenez, O., Lopez, L., Insa, R., Fdez Castañer, M., Cabrera-Rode, E., Perich, P., Diaz-Horta, O., Molina, G., Fernández Castañer, M., López, L., Jiménez, O., Boltaña, A., Ampudia-Blasco, F. J., Martínez, I., Civera, M., Ascaso, J. F., Carmena, R., Ahmed, K., Luzio, S., Furmaniak, V., Owens, D. R., Dionadji, Mbainguinam, Mbaissouroum, Mouanodji, Anderson, J., Garg, S., MacKenzie, T., Shephard, M., Peery, B., Chase, H., Holstein, A., Thießen, E., Kaufmann, N., Egberts, E.-H., Lutgers, H. L., Hullegie, L. M., Hoogenberg, K., Wientjes, K. J., Schoonen, A. J., Wientjes, K. J. C., Schoonen, A. J. M., Weitgasser, R., Gappmayer, B., Pichler, M., Sapin, R., Friess, P., Eskes, S. A., de Vries, J. H., Pouwer, F., van Ballegooie, E., Spijker, A. J., Jeng, L., Winsett, J., Tubiana-Rufi, N., Munz-Licha, G., Polak, M., Sheehan, J., Ulchaker, M., Toeller, M., Üstün, A., Yilmaz, M. T., Aparicio, M., Peyron, E., Rizkalla, S. W., Taverna, M., Guerre-Millo, M., Chevalier, A., Pacher, N., Slama, G., Gorshunska, M., Buyken, A. E., Heitkamp, G., Kabir, M., Oppert, J. M., Wursch, P., Bruzzo, F., Rahman, M. H., Fatima, K., Ahmed, S., Mondal, H. N., Yilmaz, M., Öztok, U., Karakoç, A., Çakır, N., Düzgün, E., Yetkin, İ., Arslan, M., Şardaş, S., Wilding, John, Géloën, A., Baret, G., Dalmaz, Y., Peyronnet, J., Clémenceau, B., Martignat, L., Lalain, S., Gouin, E., Kenda-Ropson, N., Miller, A. O. A., You, S., Aguilera, E., Recasens, M., Flores, L., Ricart, M. J., Fernández-Cruz, L., Esmatjes, E., Crenier, L., Noël, C., Le Moine, A., Mahy, M., Danguy, A., Kiss, R., Goldman, M., Bracci, C., De Haan, B., Nilsson, K., Deschamps, J. Y., Glagoličová, A., Smrčková, I., Dieterle, C., Illner, W. D., Land, W., Feldmeier, H., Scheuer, R., Lalli, C., Di Loreto, C., Ellringmann, U., Balks, H. J., v. zur Mühlen, A., Dengler, R., Weissenborn, K., Rasmussen, B. M., Ørskov, L., Watson, J., Owen, G., Barrett, G., Ingleby, J., Weiss, M., Deary, I., Cavan, D., Kerr, D., Bruneiii, A., Cuce’, A., Elsing, H. G., Kühne, D., Quinn, N. D., Warner, D. P., Buysschaert, M., Jamal, R., O’Brien, T., Latare, P., Mullen, J., Rein, A., Wargo, M., Parkes, J. L., Ginsberg, B., Sotiropoulos, A., Peppas, Th. A., Kotsini, V., Apostolou, O., Bousboulas, S., Michailidis, E., Sawala, M., Pappas, S., Nilsson, P. M., Nilsson, J. Å., Berglund, G., Molins, T., Esteban, J. I., Genescà, J., Paris, I., Haufroid, V., Selvais, Ph., Petit, J. M., Duong, M., Grappin, M., Guiguet, M., Rudoni, S., Portier, H., Brun, J. M., Bagg, W., Plank, L., Drury, P. L., Sharpe, N., Braatvedt, G. D., Carrascosa, J. M., Molero, J. C., Fermίn, Y., Andrés, A., Satrústegui, J., Rietzsch, H., Patzak, A., Schwanebeck, U., Simpson, H., Robertson-Mackay, F., Montegriffo, E., Fox, C., Chiasson, J.-L., Josse, R. G., Dorman, J. M., Gerstein, H. C., Lau, D., Leiter, L. A., Maheux, P., Meneilly, G. S., Murphy, L., Rodger, N. W., Ross, S. A., Ryan, E., Yale, J.-F., Wolever, T. M. S., Haller, T., Elias, I., Segal, P., Standi, E., Rybka, J., Sencer, E., Satman, I., Schlcnzka, A., Vakkilainen, J., Tsaglis, H., Ioannidis, I., Giakoumaki, A., Amantou, A., Komitopoulos, N., Georgiou, S., Varsamis, E., Katsilambros, N., El Gayar, M., Shereba, N., Botros, R., Fikry, R., Jackson, D., Balme, M., Silva-Nunes, J., Alves, J., Bogalho, P., Gardete-Correia, L., Nunes-Corrêa, J., Kot’átková, A., Němcová, D., Vrbíková, J., Zamrazil, V., Meyer, L., Delbachian, I., Lehert, P., Cugnardey, N., Drouin, P., Guerci, B., Wagner, O. F., Jones, N. P., Vallance, S. E., Thompson, K. A., Miller, A. K., Inglis, A. M. L., Patterson, S., Jorkasky, D., Freed, M. I., Mathisen, A. L., Schneider, R., Rubin, C., Houser, V., Beebe, K. L., Kortboyer, J. M., Eckland, D. J. A., Cranmer, H., Mori, Y., Kurokawa, N., Komiya, H., Horikoshi, H., Yokoyama, J., Tajima, N., Ikeda, Y., Bakst, A., Hemyari, P., Lönnqvist, F., Owen, S., Vikramadithyan, R. K., Chakrabarti, R., Misra, P., Prem Kumar, M., Sunil Kumar, K. B., Ghosh, A., Rajagopalan, R., Goldstein, B., Katoh, S., Tsuruoka, N., Hata, S., Matsushima, M., Ikemoto, S., Inoue, Y., Edwards, G., Fonseca, V., Biswas, N., Bakris, G., Viberti, G., Rebuck, A. S., Weill, S., Abel, M. G., Klappoth, W., Brodesser, A., Linkeschowa, R., Pushparaj, P., Tan, C. H., Tan, B. K. H., Bahner, A., Parker, J., Waite, G., Lipson, V., Nahar, N., Rokeya, B., Parveen, S., Nur-e-Alam, M., Mosihuzzaman, M., Hansen, A. Kornerup, Lepore°, M., Kurzhals, R., Pampanelli°, S., Fanelli°, C. G., Bolli°, G. B., Ratner, R. E., Hirsch, I. B., Mecca, T. E., Wilson, C. A., Mohideen, P., Mudaliar, S., Deutsch, R., Ciaraldi, T., Armstrong, D., Kim, B., Morrill, B., Sha, X., Henry, R., Meyer, B. H., Scholtz, H. E., van Niekerk, N., Rosenkranz, B., Schoenle, E., Witthaus, Elke, Bradley, Clare, Stewart, John, Barbeau, M., Myers, S., Flora, D., DiMarchi, R., Chance, R., Plum, A., Larsen, P. S., Larsen, U. D., Kristensen, J. B., Jansen, J. A., Olsen, B., Mortensen, H., Hylleberg, B., Jacobsen, L. V., Gall, M.-A., Søgaard, B., Ewing, F. M., Ireland, R. H., Hoogwerf, B., Raskin, P., Jovanovic, L., Leiter, L., Boss, A. H., Bott, U., Ebrahim, S., Hirschberger, S., Leukel, P., Sieber, H. J., McGill, J., Kilo, C., Kamp, N. M., Wutte, A., Le Thai, F., Balarac, N., Allicar, M. P., Cazeneuve, B., Augendre, B., Wise, S. D., Seah, E. S., Koivisto, V., Torlone, E., Del Sindaco, P., Ciofetta, M., Hedman, C., Orre Pettersson, A.-C., Lindström, T., Cernigoi, A. M., Kong, N., Kitchen, M. M., Ryder, R. E. J., Petkova, M., Angelova-Gateva, P., Malone, J., Arora, V., Bue-Valleskey, J., Pein, M., Diebler, F., Roach, P., Gudat, U., Dreyer, M., Hanusch, U., Ristic, S., McLeod, J., Hirschberg, Y., Garreffa, S., Keilson, L., Mather, S., Gagen, K., Chen, W., Dragonas, N., Chuang, L. M., Juang, J. H., Wu, H. P., Chiang, Y. D., Li, K. L., Jorgensen, L. N., Tai, T. Y., Cheatham, W. W., Kennedy, F., Woo, V., Jain, R., Boss, A., Moses, R., Clauson, P., Fischer, T., Björk, S., Østergaard, A., Langendorf, K. W., Hatorp, V., Hasslacher, C., Farrar, N. S., Chambers, N. J., Denyer, G. S., Johnston, G. A. R., Hashiguchi, S., Jönsson, A., Hallengren, B., Rydberg, T., Herbaut, C., Turc, A., Mourand, I., Chevassus, H., Molinier, N., Christensen, A.-B. L., Mathiesen, E. R., Stage, E., Damm, P., Boivin, S., Gross, P., Pennington, M., Harder, T., Kohlhoff, R., Dörner, G., Rohde, W., Plagemann, A., Ferdeghini, M., Murru, S., Maffei, M., Cecchetti, P., Dunne, F., Brydon, P., Smith, T., Proffitt, M., Holder, R., Gee, H., Goulis, D. G., Teoh, T. G., Asatiani, N., Elphick, A., Natsvlishvili, M., Chanturia, T., Shelestova, E., Ramazashvili, M., Hod, M., Cederberg, J., Casi, A. Leunda, Pampfer, S., De Hertogh, R., Hinck, L., Aly, S., Bertie, J., Botta, R. M., Imbergamo, M. P., Impiccichè, M. G., Todaro, B., Greco, D., Ekbom, P., Clausen, P., Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Feldt-Rasmussen, B., Mølsted Pedersen, L., Nørgaard, K., Svenningsen, A., Nielsen, L., Zmudzińska, M., Ziętek, I., Min, Y., Crawford, M. A., Bozzoni, F., Corubolo, C., Borrello, E., Di Biase, N., Spagnolo, S., Hawthorne, G., Sen, D., Bagust, A., Maier, W., Currie, C. J., Sailesh, S., Patel, V., Hayes, D., Cockrill, B., Gatling, W., Budd, S., Mullee, M. A., Savill, A. W., Smithers, M. G., Davies, R. R., Sandford, A., Stutz, L., Vadstrup, S., Simonsen, V., Musaeus, L., Molsing, B., Lyholm, B., Turner, B. C., Jenkins, E., Hejlesen, O. J., Andreassen, S., Hovorka, R., Cavan, D. A., Klinge, A., Strauss, K. W., Guthrie, R., Testa, M., Zimmerman, R., Sandberg, M., Steinfatt, H., Hardenberg, R., Gottsmann, M., König, A., Schmauß, S., Hierl, F. X., Renders, C. M., Valk, G. D., van Eijk, J. Th. M., van der Wal, G., Jermendy, G., Hídvégi, T., Müller, U. A., Junghänel, J., Köhler, S., Köhler, C., Schumann, M., Use, G., de Valk, H. W., Blankestijn, J. G., de Bruin, H. J., Bottomley, J., Gillam, S., Holmes, J., Murphy, M., Madani, S. F., Müller, R., Hunger Dathe, W., Grüßer, M., Roien, D., Hussain, M., Vibe-Petersen, J., Braun, A., Schiel, R., Höfer, A., Leppert, K., Trento, M., Passera, P., Tomalino, M., Bajardi, M., Vaccari, P., Pagnozzi, F., Pomero, F., Molinatti, G. M., Porta, M., Blaauwwiekel, E. E., Hania, M., Scholten-Jaegers, S. M. H. J., Links, T. P., Perciun, R., Dumitrescu, C., Skeie, S., Thue, G., Sandberg, S., Nordfeldt, S., Ludvigsson, J., García, Rosario, Suárez, Rolando, Henry, J. L., Kangas, M., Wilson, P. H., Pibernik, M., Szabo, S., Metelko, Ž., González-Clemente, J. M., Galdon, G., De Pedro, B., Fontanals, Ll., Miñarro, A., Topsever, P., Azık, A., Karşıdaǧ, K., Dündar, Y., Şengül, A., Vileikyte, L., Apostolou, T., Tomenson, B., Bundy, C. H., Gokal, R., Gormley, D. A., Baksi, A. K., Hrachovinová, T., Csémy, L., Bartášková, D., Krch, F. D., Gåfvels, M. C., Lithner, F., Branchtein, L., Matos, M. C. G., Gaio, D., Yamashita, T., Pousada, J. M. D. C., Duncan, B. B., Schmidt, M. I., Buchanan, T. A., Xiang, A. H., Tan, S., Peters, R. K., Trigo, E., Kjos, S. L., Lee, W. P., Azen, S., Ilic, S., Mezic, J., Pettitt, D. J., Bastyr, E. J., Camps, I., Salcedo, M. D., Rius, F., Rubio, M., Baptista, C., Martins, T., Ruas, M. M. A., Acosta, D., Cerrillos, L., Soto, A., Quijada, D., Morales, F., Silva, H., García-Hernandez, N., Villamil, F., Astorga, R., Selby, P. L., Jude, E. B., Biggs, A. M., Al-Sabbagh, S., Kumar, S., Rowbotham, J., McKenzie, W. E., Dodson, P. M., Barnett, A. H., Maresh, M., Alevizaki, M., Anastasiou, E., Grigorakis, S. I., Philippou, G., Michalopoulou, G., Souvatzoglou, A., Corcoy, R., Pau, E., Pascual, E., García-Patterson, A., Albareda, M. L., Ccrmeño, J., Altirriba, O., Adelantado, J. M., Ubeda, J., Endocrinologia, S., Reichelt, A. J., Nucci, L., Teixeira, M. M., Costa-e-Forti, A., Ciampalini, P., Giannone, G., Benedetti, S., Borrelli, P., Czerniawska, M., Manowska, B., Rami, B., Schober, E., Hueppe, A., Granditsch, G., Huber, W., Bittmann, B., Jaeger, A., Saukkonen, T., Väisänen, S., Savilahti, E., Šumník, Z., Kotalová, R., Loudová, M., Cinek, O., Šnajderová, M., Kolousková, S., Vavřinec, J., Barbato, M., Viola, T., Formisano, M., Hovind, P., Adler, I. A., Makita, Z., Takeuchi, M., Kamada, Y., Koike, T., Courrèges, J. P., Pradier, P., Bacha, J., Aboud, E., André, L., Lamarca, R., Janeczko-Sosnowska, E., Lewandowski, Z., Janeczko, D., Kopczyñski, J., Nakagami, T., Tomonaga, O., Babazono, T., Iwamoto, Y., Nakanishi, K., Higa, M., Kosugi, E., Elving, L. D., Szadkowska, A., Mirecka, M. W., Czerniawska, E., Weekers, L., Hadjadj, S., Belloum, R., Gallois, Y., Bouhanick, B., Marre, M., Saucha, W., Skwarna, B., Zychma, M., Żukowska-Szczechowska, E., Zychma, M. J., Zukowska-Szczechowska, E., Nazim, J., Dziatkowiak, H., Sanak, M., Cieślik, G., Nannipieri, M., Viberti, G. C., De Cosmo, S., Piras, G., Errannini, E., Uchigata, Y., Miura, J., Okada, T., Gong, J.-S., Zhang, J., Tanaka, M., Wamoto, Y., Zucaro, L., Bacci, S., Miscio, G., Thomas, M., Piras, G. P., Cavallo Perin, P., Mauer, M., Barzon, I., Bortoloso, E., Saller, A., Crepaldi, G., Latif, Z. A., Christensen, P. K., v. Larsen, S., Olsen, S., Bombonato, G., Sacerdoti, D., Chiesura-Corona, M., Marangon, A., Rudberg, S., Rasmussen, L., Bangstad, H.-J., Ösrterby, R., Sivous, G. I., Kasatkina, E. P., Demurov, L. M., Nosikov, V. V., Kotova, A. K., Kuraeva, T. L., Mishina, I. I., Gorashko, N. M., Nosicov, V. V., Petercova, V. A., Berrut, G., Alhenc-Gelas, F., Tsimaratos, M., Gerbi, A., Barone, R., Ollerton, R. L., Playle, R. A., Luzio, S. D., Evans, W. D., Burch, A., Siebenhofer, A., Meinitzer, A., Brandmaier, H., Brunner, G., Plank, J., West, P., Tindall, H., McKenna, K., Smith, D., Tormey, W., Kesson, C. M., Thompson, C. J., Penno, G., Anichini, R., Bandinelli, S., Boldrini, E., Giannarelli, R., Piazza, F., Pucci, L., Karunakaran, S., Morris, R. J., Nádas, J., Farkas, K., Daróczy, A., Péterfai, É., Svensson, M., Weigert, C., Facchin, S., Gambaro, G., Brodbeck, K., Schleicher, E., Tada, H., Nomura, K., Kuboki, K., Tsukamoto, M., Inokuchi, T., Menè, P., Pugliese, F., Iino, K., Yoshinari, M., Iwase, M., Asano, T., Sonoki, K., Wakisaka, M., Takata, Y., Ujishima, M., Del Prete, D., Anglani, F., Antonucci, F., Mauri, J. M., Vallés, M., Gutiérrez, C., Vendrell, J., Shinada, M., Akdeniz, A., Panagiotopoulos, P., Bach, L. A., Law, V. A., Lecomte, P. P., Yokota, C., Okuda, Y., Odawara, M., Yamashita, K., Yamada, N., Kawai, K., Açbay, Ö., Mazlum, A., Kural, E., Gündoğdu, S., Jensen, C., Körner, A., Eklöf, A.-Ch, Jaremko, G., Lal, M., DiBona, G., Aperia, A., Yavuz, D. G., Tuncer, M., Sargon, M., Küçükkaya, B., Ahıskalı, R., Akalın, Sema, Nohara, E., Oates, P. J., Ellery, C. A., Yonem, A., Azal, O., Cakýr, B., Erdogan, M. F., Corakcý, A., Ozdemir, I. C., Stevens, R. J., Yudkin, J. S., Webber, J., Wheeler, D. C., Taylor, K. G., Jones, S. L., Srivatsa, A., Anderson, S. G., Cruikshank, J. K., Florkowski, C. M., Scott, R. S., Graham, P. J., Moir, C. L., Flores, C., Ruggenenti, P., Dodesini, A. R., Vasile, B., Gaspari, F., Arnoldi, F., Ferrari, S., Ciocca, I., Spalluzzi, A., Remuzzi, G., Delvigne, C., Ballaux, D., Bosman, D. R., Winkler, A. S., Marsden, J., Watkins, P. J., Strutton, D., Erbey, J. R., Jacobsen, P., Rossing, K., Jensen, J. S., Mansfield, M. W., Kowalska, I., Telejko, B., Bachórzewska-Gajewska, A., Prokop, J., Kochman, W., Musiał, W., Naskręt, D., Oleksa, R., Zozulińska, D., Sowiński, J., Wierusz-Wysocka, B., Klamann, A., Jonas, M., Müller-Lung, U., Heuser, L., Launhardt, V., Valensi, P., Pariès, J., Torremocha, F., Brulport, V., Sachs, R. N., Vanzetto, G., Levy, M., Lormeau, B., Halimi, S., Perfornis, A., Boumal, D., Zimmermann, C., Bernard, Y., Sabbah, A., Meneveau, N., Gautier, S., Bassand, J. P., Anděl, M., Kraml, P., Potočková, J., Dvořáková, H., Trešlová, L., Nuttall, S. L., Martin, U., Kendall, M. J., Schiaffini, R., Pantaleo, A., Battocletti, T., Vaccari, V., Brufani, C., Martuscelli, E., Gargiulo, P., Nieszner, E., Posa, I., Kocsis, E., Préda, I., Pogatsa, G., Koltai, M. Z. S., Stefanidis, A., Manoussakis, S., Handanis, S., Zairis, M., Vitalis, D., Dadiotis, L., Fiorina, P., La Rocca, E., Astorri, E., Rossetti, C., Lucignani, G., Giudici, D., Castoldi, R., Mazarakis, N., Giagiakou, E., Karavidas, A., Agellou, A., Karamani, O., Matsakas, E., Caviezel, F., Morricone, L., Ranucci, M., Denti, S., Cazzaniga, A., Enrini, R., Isgrò, G., González de Molina, F. J., Sala, J., Masià, R., Marrugat, J., Kruszewski, P., Wolnik, B., Bieniaszewski, L., Świerblewska, E., Semetkowska-Jurkiewicz, E., Krupa-Wojciechowska, B., Vasilikos, P. G., Alaveras, A. E. G., Anastasopoulos, N. G., Chala, E., Sidira, M., Christakopoulos, P. D., Poulsen, P. L., Hansen, K. W., Ebbehøj, E., Knudsen, S. T., Mogensen, C. E., Ramu, Y., Vidyullatha, Y., Strojek, K., Gorska, J., Morawin, E., Ritz, E., Ciavarella, A., Malini, P. L., Strocchi, E., Fiumi, N., Ambrosioni, E., Idzior-Waluś, B., Stevens, L., McEneny, J., O’Kane, M. J., Moles, K. W., McMaster, C., Young, I. S., Leonhardt, W., Konstadelou, E., Gürlek, Alper, Soedamah-Muthu, S., Taskinen, M. R., Ehnholm, C., Wägner, A., Bayen, Laia, Rigla, M., Ortega, E., Caixàs, A., Mestrón, A., Ordóñez, J., Pérez, A., Sotiropoulou, G., Servais, P. L., Bertolotto, A., Pilo, M., Suchánková, G., Andratschke, S., Tschöp, M., Strasburger, C.-J., Rizzo, L., Aerts, P., Vinckx, M., Ansquer, J. C., Ryan, M., Buter, H., Navis, G. J., de Jong, P. E., de Zeeuw, D., Carreras, G., Giménez, G., Pou, J. M., Howorka, K., Gabriel, M., Pumprla, J., Köves, A., Bhowmik, N. B., Haque, A., Rahman, A., Paleari, F., Gamba, P., Mauri, G., Rovaris, G., Giannattasio, C., Piatti, M. L., Zincone, A., Cavaletti, G., Mancia, G., Lan, S., Arezzo, J., Gerber, R. A., Klioze, S. S., Saponara, C., Tartaglione, T., Cercone, S., Caputo, S., Meloni, T., Brunetti, D., Di Lazzaro, V., Xu, G., Jiang, H. Y., Shy, M. E., Sugimoto, K., Zhang, W.-X., Kuchmerovskaya, T., Donchenko, G., Shymansky, I., Kuchmerovsky, N., Pakyrbaeva, L., Cameron, N. E., Keegan, A., Cotter, M. A., Mirrlees, D., Smale, S. E., Biessels, G. J., Duis, S. E. J., Kamal, A., Gispen, W. H., Carrington, A., Carman, S., Smiarowski, H., Lavoie, D., Sawicki, D., Sabetta, A., Litchfield, J., Van Zandt, M., Sredy, J., Smirnova, V., Strokov, I., Ivanova, L., Ichunina, A., Nakamura, J., Nakayama, M., Hamada, Y., Chaya, S., Kato, K., Kasuya, Y., Mizubayashi, R., Miwa, K., Yasuda, Y., Kamiya, H., Hotta, N., Bíró, K., Kukorelli, T., Szilágyi, N., Kürthy, M., Komáromy, A., Mogyorosi, T., Nagy, K., Çakir, M., Baskal, N., Güllü, S., Elhan, A. H., Erdogan, G., Ziegler, D., Piolot, R., Neubauer, J., Senesi, B., Bonetti, R., Napolitano, A., Canepa, F., Ottonello, P., Schabmann, A., Giménez-Pérez, G., Arroyo, J. A., López, T., Ponz, E., Mauricio, D., Diem, P., Zanchin, L., Suter, S. L., Lefrandt, J. D., Smit, A., van Roon, A. M., Dullaart, R., Voita, D., Mackevics, V., Vitols, A., Lengyel, Cs., Farkas, Gy., Török, T., Légrády, P., Várkonyi, T. T., Kardos, A., Gingl, Z., Kempler, P., Rudas, L., Lonovics, J., Marchand, M., Stevens, L. K., Tarnás, Gy., Estrella, F., Christensen, N. J., Keresztes, K., Barna, I., Hermányi, Zs., Vargha, P., Bonnevie, L., Chanudet, X., Larroque, P., Tutuncu, N. Bascil, Deger, A., Batur, M. K., Yildirir, A., Onalan, O., Aksöyek, S., Kabakçι, G., Erbaş, T., Galicka-Latała, D., Surdacki, A., Gerritsen, J., TenVoorde, B. J., Heethaar, R. M., Tagawa, T. S., Kodama, M., Yoshioka, R., Yamasaki, Y., Didangelos, T., Athyros, V., Kontopoulos, A., Papageorgiou, A., Karamitsos, D., Lacigová, S., Rušavý, Z., Kárová, R., Perrild, H., Kay, L., Jørgensen, T., Bień, A. I., Witek, P., Geraldes, Elizabete, Rodrigues, D., Pereira, L., Doménech, A., Leitão, P., Anagnostopoulos, D., Foster, A. V. M., Nag, S., Barsoum, M., Lewis, G., Dunlop, N., Connolly, V., Bilous, R., Kelly, W., Chantelau, E., Gede, A., Sharman, D., O’Halloran, D., Best, C., Abbas, Z. G., Lutale, J., Gill, G. V., Jarvis, W. R., Archibald, L. K., Corcoran, S., Mansell, J., Pibworth, L., Terada, H., Shiba, T., Utugi, N., Utugi, T., Blum, M., Strobel, J., Höffken, K., Razvi, F. M., Kritzinger, E. E., Taylor, K., Jones, S., Illahi, W., Grüβer, M., Hartmann, P., Hoffstadt, K., van Leiden, H. A., Moll, A. C., Polak, B. C. P., Pietragalla, G. B., Maurino, M., Montanaro, M., Karadeniz, Ş., Tommasini, P., Quadrini, C., Demiraj, V., Rispoli, E., Ota, A., Takama, H., Saito, N., Hemández, C., Lepore, D., Antico, L., Giardina, B., Franconi, F., Michoud, E., Chamot, S., Riva, Ch., Hammes, H.-P., Renner, O., Breier, G., Lin, J., Alt, A., Betzholtz, C., Bretzel, R. G., Manti, R., Gallo, M., Molinar Hin, A., Brignardello, E., Boccuzzi, G., Li, Shanfang, Xiang, Kunsan, Zhang, Rugeng, Shangguan, Xinhong, Wu, Jianrong, Donnan, P. T., Broomhall, J., Hunter, K., Morris, A. D., Ioannidis, G., Peppa, M., Rontogianni, E., Kallifronas, M., Lekatsas, I., Chrysanthopoulou, G., Anthopoulos, L., Kesse, M., Thalassinos, N., Neves, C., Medina, J. L., Lopes, F., Yılmaz, M., Güvener, N., Güvener, M., Kocagöz, T., Böke, E., Paşaoglu, I., Bascil Tutuncu, N., Oto, A., Karvonen, M. K., Koulu, M., Pesonen, U., Mercuri, M., Rauramaa, R., Rutter, M. K., Kestevan, P., McComb, J. M., Marshall, S. M., Sobieska, M., Wiktorowicz, K., Kanters, S. D. J. M., Banga, J. D., Algra, A., Frijns, C. J. M., Beutler, J. J., Fijnheer, R., Nicoloff, G., Baydanoff, S., Stanimirova, N., Petrova, Ch., Lario, S., Campistol, J. M., Cases, A., Clària, J., Iñigo, P., Esmatjcs, E., Sármán, B., Tóth, M., Kocsis, I., Somogyi, A., Bumbure, A., Jachimowicz, K., Samson, J., Tomasiak, M., Sobol, A., Stańczyk, L., Watala, C., Stradina, P., Wiśniewska-Jarosińska, M., Marciniak, D., Więcławska, B., Watała, C., Golański, J., Zinnat, R., Mahmud, I., Büyükasik, Yahya, Demiroğlu, H., Szczepanik, A., Skowroński, M., Murawska, A., Meeking, D. R., Allard, S., Munday, J., Chowienczyk, P., Shaw, K. M., Cummings, M. H., Šimková, R., Jirsa, M., Hadoke, P. W. F., McIntyre, C. A., Jones, G. C., Williams, B. C., Elliott, A. I., McKnight, J. A., Pernow, J., Bombonato, G. C., Finucci, G. F., Zotta, L., Senses, V., Ozyazgan, S., Ince, E., Tunçdemir, M., Oztürk, M., Sultuybek, G., Akkan, A. G., Özyazgan, S., Unlücerci, Y., Bekpınar, S., Meyer, M. F., Lee, B. C., Shore, A. C., Humphreys, J. M., Tooke, J. E., Dell’Omo, G., Giovannitti, G., Caricato, F., Mariani, M., Pedrinelli, R., Kiviet-Boehm, C., Schwelling, V., Matthäei, S., Pfohl, M., McInerney, D., Itoh, H., Ohno, T., Katoh, N., Baumgartner-Parzer, S., Artwohl, M., Graier, W., Ludwig, C., Tachi, Y., Bannai, C., Shinohara, M., Shimpuku, H., Ohura, K., Bertacca, A., Sasvári, M., Szaleczki, E., Pusztai, P., Boes, U., Klaus, E., Dittrich, P., Wagner, Z., Wittmann, I., Pótó, L., Wagner, L., Mazák, I., Nagy, J., Feletto, F., Taboga, C., Tonutti, L., Lizzio, S., Russo, A., Selmo, V., Ceriello, A., Lekakis, J., Papamichael, C. M., Stamatelopoulos, K., Stamatelopoulos, S., Yillar, D. O., Gay, M., Lillaz, E., Passaro, A., Vanini, A., Calzoni, F., D’Elia, K., Carantoni, M., Zuliani, G., Fellin, R., Solini, A., Chwatko, G., Bald, E., Dramais, A.-S., Wallemacq, P. E., Vandeleene, B., Ciaria, M. V., Ariano, M., Strom, R., Gibney, J., Weiss, U., Turner, B., O’Gorman, P., Watts, G., Powrie, J., Crook, M., Shaw, K., and Cummings, M.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Risk stratification for diabetic eye screening. Reply to Stratton I. M. and Aldington S. J. [letter].
- Author
-
Looker, H. C., Nyangoma, S. O., Cromie, D. T., Olson, J. A., Leese, G. P., Philip, S., Black, M. W., Doig, J., Lee, N., Briggs, A., Hothersall, E. J., Morris, A. D., Lindsay, R. S., McKnight, J. A., Pearson, D. W. M., Sattar, N. A., Wild, S. H., McKeigue, P., and Colhoun, H. M.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy is associated with reduced retinopathy progression compared with multiple daily injections of insulin.
- Author
-
Reid LJ, Gibb FW, Colhoun H, Wild SH, Strachan MWJ, Madill K, Dhillon B, and Forbes S
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure physiology, Child, Cholesterol blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 physiopathology, Diabetic Retinopathy diagnosis, Diabetic Retinopathy physiopathology, Disease Progression, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin metabolism, Humans, Infusions, Subcutaneous, Injections, Subcutaneous, Insulin Infusion Systems, Male, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 drug therapy, Diabetic Retinopathy drug therapy, Hypoglycemic Agents administration & dosage, Insulin administration & dosage
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: We aimed to compare diabetic retinopathy outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes following introduction of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy with outcomes in people receiving continuing therapy with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI)., Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using the Scottish Care Information - Diabetes database for retinal screening outcomes and HbA
1c changes in 204 adults commenced on CSII therapy between 2013 and 2016, and 211 adults eligible for CSII during the same period but who continued on MDI therapy. Diabetic retinopathy progression (time to minimum one-grade worsening in diabetic retinopathy from baseline grading) was plotted for CSII and MDI cohorts using Kaplan-Meier curves, and outcomes were compared using multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, baseline HbA1c , blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking status and socioeconomic quintile. Impact of baseline HbA1c and change in HbA1c on diabetic retinopathy progression was assessed within CSII and MDI cohorts., Results: CSII participants were significantly younger, were from less socially deprived areas, and had lower HbA1c and higher diastolic BP at baseline. There was a larger reduction in HbA1c at 1 year in those on CSII vs MDI (-6 mmol/mol [-0.6%] vs -2 mmol/mol [-0.2%], p < 0.01). Diabetic retinopathy progression occurred in a smaller proportion of adults following commencement of CSII vs continued MDI therapy over mean 2.3 year follow-up (26.5% vs 18.6%, p = 0.0097). High baseline HbA1c (75 mmol/mol [9%]) was associated with diabetic retinopathy progression in the MDI group (p = 0.0049) but not the CSII group (p = 0.93). Change in HbA1c at follow-up, irrespective of baseline glycaemic status, did not significantly affect diabetic retinopathy progression in either group., Conclusions/interpretation: CSII was associated with reduced diabetic retinopathy progression compared with continued MDI therapy, and may be protective against diabetic retinopathy progression for those with high baseline HbA1c . Progression of diabetic retinopathy over 3 years was not associated with a change in HbA1c .- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Type 2 diabetes, socioeconomic status and life expectancy in Scotland (2012-2014): a population-based observational study.
- Author
-
Walker J, Colhoun H, Livingstone S, McCrimmon R, Petrie J, Sattar N, and Wild S
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Life Expectancy, Male, Middle Aged, Scotland epidemiology, Social Class, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to assess the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the associations between type 2 diabetes and life expectancy in a complete national population., Methods: An observational population-based cohort study was performed using the Scottish Care Information - Diabetes database. Age-specific life expectancy (stratified by SES) was calculated for all individuals with type 2 diabetes in the age range 40-89 during the period 2012-2014, and for the remaining population of Scotland aged 40-89 without type 2 diabetes. Differences in life expectancy between the two groups were calculated., Results: Results were based on 272,597 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 2.75 million people without type 2 diabetes (total for 2013, the middle calendar year of the study period). With the exception of deprived men aged 80-89, life expectancy in people with type 2 diabetes was significantly reduced (relative to the type 2 diabetes-free population) at all ages and levels of SES. Differences in life expectancy ranged from -5.5 years (95% CI -6.2, -4.8) for women aged 40-44 in the second most-deprived quintile of SES, to 0.1 years (95% CI -0.2, 0.4) for men aged 85-89 in the most-deprived quintile of SES. Observed life-expectancy deficits in those with type 2 diabetes were generally greater in women than in men., Conclusions/interpretation: Type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced life expectancy at almost all ages and levels of SES. Elimination of life-expectancy deficits in individuals with type 2 diabetes will require prevention and management strategies targeted at all social strata (not just deprived groups).
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Ethnicity and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD): 4.8 year follow-up of patients with type 2 diabetes living in Scotland.
- Author
-
Malik MO, Govan L, Petrie JR, Ghouri N, Leese G, Fischbacher C, Colhoun H, Philip S, Wild S, McCrimmon R, Sattar N, and Lindsay RS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Asian People, Black People, Cardiovascular Diseases diagnosis, Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Caribbean Region ethnology, China ethnology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diagnosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 mortality, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Pakistan ethnology, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Scotland epidemiology, Time Factors, White People, Cardiovascular Diseases ethnology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ethnology, Health Status Disparities, Racial Groups
- Abstract
Aims/hypothesis: Potential differences in cardiovascular risk by ethnicity remain uncertain. We evaluated the association of ethnicity with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in a large cohort of people with type 2 diabetes living in Scotland., Methods: Data from Scottish Care Information-Diabetes (SCI-Diabetes) were linked to Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR01) and National Records of Scotland data for mortality for dates between 2005 and 2011. Of 156,991 people with type 2 diabetes with coded ethnicity, 121,535 (77.4%) had no CVD at baseline (White: 114,461; Multiple Ethnic: 2,554; Indian: 797; Other Asian: 319; Pakistani: 2,250; Chinese: 387; African-Caribbean: 301 and Other: 466) and were followed up (mean ± SD: 4.8 ± 2.3 years) for the development of fatal and non-fatal CVD., Results: During follow-up, 16,265 (13.4%) patients developed CVD (ischaemic heart or cerebrovascular diseases). At baseline, Pakistanis were younger and had developed diabetes earlier, had higher HbA1c and longer duration of diabetes, but had lower BP, BMI, creatinine, proportion of smokers and proportion on antihypertensive therapy than whites. The age and sex adjusted HRs for CVD were HR 1.31 (CI 1.17, 1.47), p < 0.001 in Pakistanis and HR 0.66 (CI 0.47, 0.92), p = 0.014 in Chinese compared with whites. Adjusting additionally for an area measure of deprivation, duration of diabetes, conventional CVD and other risk factors, the HR for Pakistanis (HR 1.45 [CI 1.14, 1.85], p = 0.002) was significantly higher, and that for Chinese (HR = 0.58 [CI 0.24, 1.40], p = 0.228) lower, compared with whites., Conclusions/interpretation: Compared with whites with type 2 diabetes, those of Pakistani ethnicity in Scotland were at increased risk of CVD, whereas Chinese were at lower risk, with these differences unexplained by known risk factors.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.