1. Characterization and functional study of a cluster of four highly conserved orphan adhesion-GPCR in mouse
- Author
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Johannes Grosse, Helen Waller-Evans, John Dixon, Joanne Doran, Mark B. L. Carlton, William H. Colledge, Simone Prömel, Tobias Langenhan, Andreas Russ, Torsten Schöneberg, and Dirk Zahn
- Subjects
Indoles ,Blotting, Western ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Biology ,GPR110 ,Kidney ,Epithelium ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,Evolution, Molecular ,Mice ,Species Specificity ,Gene cluster ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Receptor ,Gene ,G protein-coupled receptor ,DNA Primers ,Skin ,Genetics ,Mice, Knockout ,Base Sequence ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Galactosides ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Genetic Loci ,Multigene Family ,Human genome ,Developmental biology ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Background: Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCR) constitute a structurally and functionally diverse class of seven-transmembrane receptor proteins. Although for some of the members important roles in immunology, neurology, as well as developmental biology have been suggested, most receptors have been poorly characterized. Results: We have studied evolution, expression, and function of an entire receptor group containing four uncharacterized aGPCR: Gpr110, Gpr111, Gpr115 ,a ndGpr116 .W e show that the genomic loci of these four receptors are clustered tightly together in mouse and human genomes and that this cluster likely derives from a single common ancestor gene. Using transcriptional profiling on wild-type and knockout/LacZ reporter knockin mice strains, we have obtained detailed expression maps that show ubiquitous expression of Gpr116, co-expression of Gpr111 and Gpr115 in developing skin, and expression of Gpr110 in adult kidney. Loss of Gpr110, Gpr111 ,o rGpr115 function did not result in detectable defects, indicating that genes of this aGPCR group might function redundantly. Conclusions: The aGPCR cluster Gpr110, Gpr111, Gpr115 ,a ndGpr116 developed from one common ancestor in vertebrates. Expression suggests a role in epithelia, and one can speculate about a possible redundant function of GPR111 and GPR115. Developmental Dynamics 241:1591–1602, 2012.
- Published
- 2012