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Background: To determine possible dimensions that underlie obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and to investigate their clinical correlates, familiality, and genetic linkage.Methods: Participants were selected from 844 adults assessed with the Structured Instrument for the Diagnosis of DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SIDP) in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study (OCGS) that targeted families with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affected sibling pairs. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis, which included the eight SIDP-derived DSM-IV OCPD traits and the indecision trait from the DSM-III, assessed clinical correlates, and estimated sib-sib correlations to evaluate familiality of the factors. Using MERLIN and MINX, we performed genome-wide quantitative trait locus (QTL) linkage analysis to test for allele sharing among individuals.Results: Two factors were identified: Factor 1: order/control (perfectionism, excessive devotion to work, overconscientiousness, reluctance to delegate, and rigidity); and Factor 2: hoarding/indecision (inability to discard and indecisiveness). Factor 1 score was associated with poor insight, whereas Factor 2 score was associated with task incompletion. A significant sib-sib correlation was found for Factor 2 (rICC = .354, P < .0001) but not Factor 1 (rICC = .129, P = .084). The linkage findings were different for the two factors. When Factor 2 was analyzed as a quantitative trait, a strong signal was detected on chromosome 10 at marker d10s1221: KAC LOD = 2.83, P = .0002; and marker d10s1225: KAC LOD = 1.35, P = .006.Conclusions: The results indicate two factors of OCPD, order/control and hoarding/indecision. The hoarding/indecision factor is familial and shows modest linkage to a region on chromosome 10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A history of separation anxiety disorder (SAD) is frequently reported by patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The purpose of this study was to determine if there are clinical differences between OCD-affected individuals with, versus without, a history of SAD. Methods: Using data collected during the OCD Collaborative Genetic Study, we studied 470 adult OCD participants; 80 had a history of SAD, whereas 390 did not. These two groups were compared as to onset and severity of OCD, lifetime prevalence of Axis I disorders, and number of personality disorder traits. Results: OCD participants with a history of SAD were significantly younger than the non-SAD group (mean, 34.2 versus 42.2 years; P<.001). They had an earlier age of onset of OCD symptoms (mean, 8.0 versus 10.5 years; P<.003) and more severe OCD, as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (mean, 27.5 versus 25.0; P<.005). In addition, those with a history of SAD had a significantly greater lifetime prevalence of agoraphobia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.4-4.6, P<.003), panic disorder (OR = 1.84, CI = 1.03-3.3 P<.04), social phobia (OR = 1.69, CI 1.01-2.8, P<.048), after adjusting for age at interview, age at onset of OCD, and OCD severity in logistic regression models. There was a strong relationship between the number of dependent personality disorder traits and SAD (adjusted OR = 1.42, CI = 1.2-1.6, P<.001). Conclusions: A history of SAD is associated with anxiety disorders and dependent personality disorder traits in individuals with OCD. Depression and Anxiety 28:256-262, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the demographic and clinical factors that influence treatment status in family members with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Six hundred and two subjects from the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) to diagnose Axis I disorders, and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) for assessment of OCD symptoms. The demographic and clinical data were compared between subjects who had received treatment and those who had not. A precipitous onset of symptoms, severe illness, multiple obsessions and compulsions, and co-morbid affective disorders were all positively associated with receiving treatment. Older age and the presence of obsessive compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) or OCPD traits were negatively associated with treatment. Gender and age at onset of symptoms did not predict treatment history. The mean duration from onset of symptoms to receiving treatment was 13.8±SD 11.9 years, but there was a direct relationship between current age and time to treatment, with younger subjects receiving treatment sooner. Clinical factors are predominant in predicting treatment status in family members with OCD. Although the mean duration from onset of symptoms to treatment was long, younger family members appear to receive treatment sooner. Depression and Anxiety 0:1–7, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley-Liss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the familial relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), other anxiety disorders, and major depressive disorder (MDD), we examined the rates of anxiety disorders and MDD in first-degree relatives of OCD probands and controls, the association between age at onset of OCD and the occurrence of other anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder in relatives of probands, and the co-transmission of specific anxiety disorders, MDD, and OCD within families of probands. Recurrence risks were estimated from 466 first-degree relatives of 100 probands with OCD and 113 first-degree relatives of 33 non-psychiatric controls. Rates of non-OCD anxiety disorders and MDD were comparable in relatives of OCD probands and controls. Rates of anxiety disorders and MDD were higher among case relatives with OCD than among case relatives without OCD and control relatives. Fifty percent of case relatives with OCD had at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Early age at onset (<10 years) in probands was associated with higher rates of anxiety and depression comorbidity among case relatives with OCD but not among case relatives without OCD. The occurrence of specific anxiety disorders and MDD in case relatives was independent of the same comorbid diagnosis in the OCD probands. OCD, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and MDD occurred together more often than expected by chance among individuals with OCD. Furthermore, age at onset in probands is associated with specific anxiety and affective comorbidity among case relatives. These findings support the hypothesis that early- and late-onset OCD represent different etiologic variants. Depression and Anxiety 20:165–174, 2004. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]