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The authors report on their experience with endoscopic treatment of choledocholithiasis. Out of a total of 363 successful procedures of endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPS), choledocholithiasis was the indication for EPS in 270 patients (74.4%). Most often, EPS and extraction were performed in patients after cholecystectomy (79.6%) and those with choledocholithiasis and an in situ gallbladder, but free of stones (13.4%). In patients with concomitant cholecystolithiasis, EPS was carried out only in those cases in which surgery was contraindicated. EPS was performed in four cases of acute biliary pancreatitis. Removal of stones from the choledochus was successful in 95.5%. Of the total of 363 successful EPS's, complications were observed in 17 cases (4.7%), with a mortality of 1.1% (4 deaths). Most frequently, the causes included bleeding (1.9%) and perforation (1.1%). Of other complications, the authors noted acute pancreatitis, acute cholangitis and impaction of stone in the hepatocholedochus in two cases each. The complications required emergency surgery in six patients (35.3%).