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Abstract: Published data on the association between CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk are conflicting and heterogeneous. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed for heterozygous, homozygous, dominant model, recessive model and allele, respectively. A total of 15 case–control studies were identified, among which, 13 studies (1815 cases and 3501 controls) were eligible for CYP1A1 Ile462Val and nine studies (2495 cases and 3553 controls) were eligible for CYP1A1 Msp1. Overall, Ile462Val was significantly associated with ovarian cancer, with homozygous carriers (Val/Val vs. Ile/Ile: OR=2.64; 95% CI: 1.63–4.28) and recessive model (Val/Val vs. Ile/Ile and Ile/Val: OR=2.30; 95% CI: 1.45–3.65) being risk factors for ovarian cancer development. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risks were found for Caucasians (homozygous carriers: OR=4.91; 95% CI: 2.07–11.66; recessive model: OR=3.26; 95% CI: 1.41–7.50) and Asians (homozygous carriers: OR=3.06; 95% CI: 1.48–6.33; recessive model: OR=2.75; 95% CI: 1.40–5.41; Val allele: OR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.19–2.35). However, no significant associations were found between Msp1 and ovarian cancer in the overall analyses or the subgroup analyses by ethnicity. This meta-analysis denotes the importance for in-depth research regarding of gene–gene, gene–environment interactions, race-specific and histological subtypes specific to obtain a more conclusive response about the function of CYP1A1 in ovarian cancer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]