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The article offers news briefs in science. Topics include the threat of exotic species to native fish due to claims of the presence of parasites and pathogens brought by exotic fish that may potentially cause parasitic outbreaks in the waters of India, and the development of an eco-friendly concrete using fly ash and ground granulated slag thereby reducing industrial waste. Also presented is the recycling of sunflower by-products as raw materials for the production of cellulosic materials.

The article offers news briefs related to science, as of August 2016. Topics discussed include impact of aerosols such as black carbon on greenhouse gases and climatic changes, need of recharging of groundwater in depleted aquifer, threat of polychlorinated biphenyls , and use of organic resin to purify water.

The article presents a study of patients with congenital heart diseases across 15 countries which revealed that patients from Argentina depended on spirituality and religion the most, followed by Malta, the U.S. and India patients.

The article presents a study conducted by Priyal Baral and her team at Nirma University where bergenin showed antioxidant capacity and inhibited butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase.

The article presents the development of a fuzzy-based groundwater sustainability index with five dimensions of sustainability including institutional, mutual trust, economic, social and environmental dimensions.

The article evaluates a prototype of a lithium-sulphur based rechargeable cell developed by IIT Kharagpur researchers with improved electrochemical activity.

The article focuses on a study of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) National Botanical Research Institute in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India for detecting the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of shrub Juniperus communis L. and mentions its applications to increase longevity.

The article presents a study conducted by Jyoti Kainthola and team of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), where they cited an increase in digestion efficiency in rice straw in the hydrilla presence as co-substrate.

The article offers information on the decision of the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" to stop printing the journal for 2019 where the online version provides scientists more space.

The article presents a study where researchers proposed an offset-fed staircase structure to vary gradually impedance over a long distance between the receiver electronics and antenna to obtain larger bandwidth in 2019.

The article presents a study conducted by Bishwajit Kundu and team from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) which shows that one inhibitor from the Food and Drug Administration-approved database and two from ZINC database could inhibit effectively the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis.

The article presents the pomegranate orchard with five varieties at the Regional Research Station in Abohar, where researchers took samples of leaves to examine the variations in nutrition that might be responsible for increase in the aphid population in India in 2019.

The article presents a study on the response of tropical cyclones with high speed solar wind conducted by two Canadian scientists and a Slovak scientist. They took data associated with ionospheric currents and satellite data of coronal mass ejections' near-earth detection from the sun from 1996. The scientists explain how tropical cyclone Gafilo, tropical storm Catarina and hurricanes and typhoons in the North Pacific in August 2015 were intensified.

The article discusses research on peanuts that can tolerate salinity, referencing a study by a team of researchers published in the journal "Environmental and Experimental Botany" in 2016.

The author focuses on the separation of vocals from music by analyzing the voice and instrumental format through short clips of soundtracks to test the different segments of instrumental and vocals. Topics discussed include complexity of Indian music, difference of vocal and non-vocal segments in Bollywood and Tollywood songs, and approach of moving window.

The article discusses the vegetable oils and their long-term use effect on engines. As this is the alternative to diesel scientist from IIT Bombay and Cummins Technology working together to explore the long-term use of Karanj oil with added soy-lecithin as fuel. Shah from IIT Bombay discusses the performance.

The article evaluates an optical biosensor based on the smartphone for detecting urea in saliva developed by the scientists of Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT-D) and All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi.

The article focuses on the decrease in the cultivation of the medicinal and commercial resin producing plant Guggul in India and mentions initiatives of Botanical Survey of India's researcher Ravikiran Kulloli with various researchers for the conservation of the plant in Rajasthan, India.

The article discusses the role of the Cocaine and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript (CART) present in olanzapine medicine in causing overeating habits in people who take olanzapine.

The article focuses on the research conducted by the collaboration of researchers of various countries including India, the U.S., and Bhutan on the medicinal minerals of the traditional Bhutanese medicinal system Sowa Rigpa and mentions the investigation on the chemical compositions of the medicine.

The article offers science news briefs as of 2018. Topics discussed include estimation of variability and inheritance patterns of wood quality traits in rubber trees, use of Clitoria ternatea known as the shankha pushpi or butterfly pea in folk medicine, and use of compost as biofertilizer for soil amendment.

The article presents science related news briefs. It discusses about artificial rain that is done by seeding clouds with external agents in places such as Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra in India during droughts focusing on the study on mathematical model for artificial rain using aerosols. The article reports the design of microbial fuel cell with the help of bacteria. The analysis of bio active compounds extracted from Tulsi, Ocimum tenuiflorum that has medicinal properties.

The article offers science news briefs. Researchers are seeking to decontaminate sulphur mustard with nanoparticles to avoid its misuse by terrorists using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leaf blight found in sunflowers which is caused by Alternariaster helianthi.

The article offers world news briefs related to science. The topics discussed include the large scale exploration of gold deposits in Africa, the estimated lives of the radioactive isotopes plutonium and its environmental implications, and the health implications of consuming contaminated food containing bacteria.

This section offers news briefs on scientific research as of July 2016. The flavonoids Gossypetin and Taxifolin have been identified as potential drug-like molecules capable of fighting Ebola virus. Vitamin A has been to found be effective in reducing the severity of food-borne pathogen Salmonella enterica, which causes gastroenteritis. Bio-nanosorbents have been made from rice husk to eliminate the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous solutions.

The article focuses on plants and fungi have various types of relationships and the saprophytic fungi try to feed on live plants and become pathogens and plants slowly develop the molecular machinery to resist. Topics icnlude the fungi are important collaborators in plant growth and productivity, and some are even protectors of plants from pests, and the diversity of interactions, plants and fungi must be able to modify and regulate the expression of each other's genes.

The article offers information on closing of educational institutions due to the COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented impact on the educational system including the teachers had to use online platforms.

The article focuses on group of scientists and doctors from the Indian Council of Medical Research and the MGM Medical College in Mumbai has investigated the role of Group B Streptococcus infection as risk factor for preterm births has published works on Group B Streptococcus infection.

The article focuses on India has ample access to sunlight and thus the potential for developing solar power and yet the uptake of the technology remains poor. Topics include the subsidies for solar energy from the Central Government, the State Government of Delhi has launched a scheme in 2016 to promote rooftop solar systems, and housing societies with enough space to install solar panels.

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency is prevalent worldwide especially in vegetarian communities. Its deficiency in early childhood may result in serious neurological and cognitive deficits. It is important to know the prevalence among our infants and toddlers so that nutritional policy changes could be suggested in this regard.Objective: To evaluate the vitamin B12 status of apparently healthy Indian children between 6 and 23 months of age.Methods: Apparently healthy Indian children (n = 210), of age 6 to 23 months, attending pediatric outpatient department were recruited and samples obtained to evaluate their hemogram and levels of vitamin B12, folate, and ferritin. Data were analyzed to obtain the mean levels and the proportion of participants deficient in vitamin B12. The dietary habits of the children were also analyzed and correlated with their vitamin B12 status.Results: Vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 37.6% of the participants.Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in our infants and toddlers, and there is need to initiate supplement to prevent any possible neurological consequences. Early initiation of animal milk had a positive effect on the vitamin B12 status of the child, though it was not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on clothing of healthcare workers and hospital linens are sources of secondary infections and the nosocomial or hospital infections are a major concern due to increasing antibiotic resistance in microorganisms.

The article focuses on chemical fertilizers and growth stimulants help increase agricultural output but they have a negative impact on the environment and microalgal extracts have been reported to stimulate agricultural productivity, providing potential alternatives to chemicals.

The article focuses on peanuts are often contaminated by aflatoxins and to degrade the aflatoxins, different processes are applied in India, peanuts are either roasted, fried or pressure cooked which being best for reducing the impact of aflatoxins on human health.

The article focuses on lunar south pole is a targeted site for exploration missions and ARTEMIS a NASA programme, plans a series of missions and human landings by 2024. Topics icnlude the rim of the Shackleton crater has located at the lunar south pole being an ideal site for exploration missions, and the high regions of the crater have permanent exposure to sunlight to power solar systems for energy requirements.

The article discusses the use of thermal waste to produce electricity using bismuth telluride based thermoelectric generators which operate on Seebeck effect designed by S.K. Panda and colleagues.

The article discusses the environmental concerns created by tea powder waste and reports that progress has been made in order to produce biogas to bring economic benefits.

This article reports on a diagnostic test using glutamate dehydrogenase biomarker for detecting Plasmodium falciparum causing malaria, developed by Indian Institutes of Technology Guwahati, in collaboration with researchers in Great Britain.

The article focuses on several scientific studies including the treatment of cancer patients; the role of host microRNAs in the replication of dengue virus; and waste cooking oil being used a biodiesel. Topics discussed include a study published in the "Cancer Letters" journal regarding the use of boswellic acid for cancer treatment; a study published in the "Gene" journal regarding the microRNAs of dengue virus; and a study published in the "Fuel" journal regarding waste cooking oil.

The article focuses on the study conducted by researchers from Mumbai in Maharashtra, India that analyses the factors responsible for post-harvest losses in the fruit and vegetable supply chain including poor packaging and storage facilities and provides solutions to address them.

The article discusses India's research in the use of fern plant extracts to control the spread of mosquitoes that are responsible for transmitting diseases such as malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and dengue.

The article reports on the investigation made by Mayank Rai and the team from the Central Agricultural University on a chilly species Bhut Jolokia, which provides information that genetic material is responsible for the pungency in chilies.