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OBJECTIVES: Appropriate tools for measuring and tracking diet quality on a global scale are lacking. Such instruments need to be easy-to-use across various settings, and based on a metric associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and key nutrient intakes. We developed and evaluated a diet quality screener among women in a high-income country setting. METHODS: The Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), a new food-based global diet quality index, shown to predict multiple NCDs among large U.S. cohorts, and associated with nutrient intake adequacy in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), was used to develop a short-form diet screener. Participants were recruited via Amazon MTurk to complete two 24-hour diet recalls (ASA24) and two screeners (PDQS-24HR and PDQS-30D) 7–30 days apart. Spearman rank correlation and linear regression were used to evaluate correlations and associations between usual nutrient intakes assessed by ASA24 and the PDQS values. We also compared the associations of the two score values with nutrient intakes by including them simultaneously in a regression model, and using a Wald test. RESULTS: The final sample included 290 U.S. women of reproductive age (41 ± 11). The median time required for completing the PDQS-24HR was 4.9 minutes, compared to 21 minutes for the ASA24. The rank correlations of the PDQS-24HR with energy-adjusted intakes of some key nutrients were 0.53 (fiber), 0.50 (β-carotene), 0.37 (folate), 0.31 (vitamin B6), 0.36 (vitamin C), 0.40 (vitamin E), 0.48 (potassium), 0.51 (magnesium), 0.25 (zinc), 0.21 (iron), 0.17 (PUFAs), −0.34 (added sugar), and −0.19 (SFA) (all P