1. Kisspeptin Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Orchestrate Circadian Rhythms and Metabolism
- Author
-
Richard D. Palmiter, Stephanie L Padilla, Horacio O. de la Iglesia, Jazmine G. Perez, Miriam Ben-Hamo, Raymond E A Sanchez, Ivana L. Bussi, and Christopher W. Johnson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Circadian clock ,Biology ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Body Temperature ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Kisspeptin ,Arcuate nucleus ,Biological neural network ,Animals ,Circadian rhythm ,Neurons ,Kisspeptins ,Suprachiasmatic nucleus ,Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus ,Feeding Behavior ,Circadian Rhythm ,030104 developmental biology ,nervous system ,Hypothalamus ,Female ,Wakefulness ,Sleep ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Neuroscience ,Locomotion ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Summary Successful reproduction in female mammals is precisely timed and must be able to withstand the metabolic demand of pregnancy and lactation. We show that kisspeptin-expressing neurons in the arcuate hypothalamus (Kiss1ARH) of female mice control the daily timing of food intake, along with the circadian regulation of locomotor activity, sleep, and core body temperature. Toxin-induced silencing of Kiss1ARH neurons shifts wakefulness and food consumption to the light phase and induces weight gain. Toxin-silenced mice are less physically active and have attenuated temperature rhythms. Because the rhythm of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) appears to be intact, we hypothesize that Kiss1ARH neurons signal to neurons downstream of the master clock to modulate the output of the SCN. We conclude that, in addition to their well-established role in regulating fertility, Kiss1ARH neurons are a critical component of the hypothalamic circadian oscillator network that times overt rhythms of physiology and behavior.
- Published
- 2019