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The Participatory Selection of Cultivars has been shown to be effective in promoting the participation of different stake holder in the genetic improvement process and to know about the preferences of producers. The aim of the study was to identify cultivars with the greatest acceptance and the agronomic criteria of greatest consideration from participants' perspective. The participatory selection was carried out at the Agrodiversity Fair in the Scientific and Technological Unit de Base "Los Palacios", located in the Los Palacios Municipality, Pinar del Río province where growers, technicians and decision-makers of both sexes participated. The effective diversity percentage was determined, cultivars with the greatest acceptance and the most relevant agronomic criteria were identified. Female participation reached 44.8 % and effective diversity was 75 %. DI-77, DN-12 and DI-11 cultivars stood out for their good performance for the locality; the characters with the highest degree of acceptance at the time of selection were number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, grain size and plant erection. Participatory cultivars selection in chickpea could be an excellent methodology to accelerate cultivars adoption, enrich genetic diversity of this crop and increase yields, also allow training, the interaction of various stake holders and promote gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La introducción de metodologías inclusivas, como la Selección Participativa de Cultivares, ha demostrado que políticas más descentralizadas apoyan el aumento de la diversidad genética en los cultivos, fortalecen los conocimientos de los productores/as y el reconocimiento como protagonistas en la innovación agropecuaria, lo que contribuye a acelerar la tasa de adopción e incrementar la producción. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los cultivares con mayor aceptación y los criterios agronómicos de mayor consideración desde la perspectiva de los/as participantes. La selección participativa se realizó en la Feria de Agrodiversidad en una finca perteneciente a la Cooperativa “Menelao Mora” del municipio Los Palacios donde participaron productores, técnicos y decisores de ambos sexos. Se determinó el porcentaje de diversidad efectiva, se identificaron los cultivares con mayor aceptación y los criterios agronómicos de mayor relevancia. La participación femenina alcanzó el 39% y la diversidad efectiva fue del 100 %. Se destacaron por su buen comportamiento para la localidad los cultivares Milagro villaclareño, Tomeguín 93, Chévere, Quivicán, Delicias 364 y Tradicional Codorniz; los caracteres con mayor grado de aceptación en el momento de realizar la selección fueron número de vainas por plantas, número de granos por vaina, color del grano y el porte de la planta. Los resultados sugieren que las ferias constituyen una alternativa para suministrar diversidad en la producción de frijol, como una de las estrategias para enfrentar la variación climática en el contexto actual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La selección participativa es una vía sencilla, rápida y eficiente de introducir un gran número de cultivares,su efectividad ha sido probada en diversos cultivos.Los fitomejoradores desarrollan cultivares más productivos en condiciones ideales, pero muchas veces no se adaptan bien a las condiciones específicas de los agricultores, este enfoque permite incrementar los rendimientos, la diversidad genética en los ambientes metas y la toma de decisiones de los agricultores en las comunidades participantes. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los cultivares con mayor aceptación y los criterios agronómicos más tenidos en cuenta. Se muestran los resultados de la selección participativa de cultivares de soya en una Feria de Diversidaddesarrolladaen una finca del municipio Los Palacios. Con base a los criterios agronómicos considerados por los participantes, se identificaron los cultivares con mayor aceptación y se determinó el porcentaje de diversidad efectiva. Se destacaronpor su buen comportamiento para la localidad los cultivares D-2101, DT-26, DT-22 y DT-20 y los caracteres con mayor grado de aceptación en el momento de realizar la selección fueron cantidad de granos por vaina, cantidad de vainas por planta, tamaño del grano, rendimiento, altura y la incidencia de plagas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim of increasing the genetic diversity of the species (Solanum lycopersicon L.) in the farmers' hands from the eastern region of Cuba, both research and extension activities were carried out in such region along with the Extension, Research and Agricultural Training Unit of Holguín (UEICA-H) and "Pedro Días Cuello" CCS from Velasco people council, where a yield comparative assay was conducted including nine varieties derived from the breeding programs of "Liliana Dimitrova" Horticultural Research Institute (IIHLD) and the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA). Also, some works were performed in "Lidia Doce" UBPC of the same Velasco people council and "17 de Mayo" CPA, Caujerí valley, in San Antonio del Sur municipality, Guantánamo province, where biodiversity fairs were celebrated using lines and varieties derived from the previously mentioned centers together with the Main Research Institute on Tropical Agriculture (INIFAT). Results from yield comparative assay were evaluated through a Two-way Classification Variance Analysis and Newman Keuls' test to establish varietal effect. Fair results were analyzed by the number of farmers selecting each variety and participants' most useful selection criteria. Amalia, Vyta, Mariela and Mara were among the most selected varieties in both fairs, occupying different places in each of them, according to participants' favourite ones. Mamonal-4 was included among the most selected varieties in Holguín whereas HC-2580 in Guantánamo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several research studies were carried out to continue increasing the genetic diversity of Solanum lycopersicum L section Lycopersicon species in Camagüey, to let the farmers adopt the most adapted varieties to their farm conditions. These investigations were conducted at the experimental areas from INIVIT in Camagüey and a producer's farm from "Niceto Perez" CSC in Vertientes. In both cases, a comparative yield trial was performed, according to the traditional plant breeding methods, and two agrobiodiversity fairs, which is an important tool of the new breeding methods known as Participatory Plant Breeding. The comparative trial results were evaluated through a two-way classification Variance Analysis and Newman--Keuls' test, to establish varietal effect. Results from the fair were analyzed by the amount of times each variety was selected, besides determining the influence of participants' gender and social function on selection. Lignon, Campbell-28 and Tropical C-28-V reached the highest values in the comparative trial of Camagüey; however, lines 38, Lignon and 43 showed a good performance in both fairs. Rilia and Amalia were the most selected varieties in the fair from Vertientes. It is recommended to continue the extension work to the commercial production of these varieties: Lignon, Rilia, Amalia, Mariela and Mara, also including lines 38 and 43 to new tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work was aimed at understanding the principles regulating farmers' maize varietal selection and adoption in poorly-benefited agricultural systems by the formal seed system. The experiment was conducted in a grower's farm from La Palma, Pinar del Río. Free selection of 55 maize genotypes from six provinces of the country, both of the formal and informal sectors, was available. Then, 70 kg.ha-1 of a mixture of 20 % NPK and 80 % organic manure were fertilized. Irrigation was applied twice, so that the field remained without weed. 83 farmers participating in the selection process were surveyed, in order to gather some information about their most important selection criteria and, at the same time, evaluate 20 descriptors, such as yield and its components, tolerance to weevil and plant height. As a complement of all data recorded, individual interviews were performed to farm selectors, to deepen on their knowledge background about the selection process. For data processing, the analysis of proportions, Kendall's non-parametric correlation and graph representations were used. Farmers select their own varieties by 'practical correlation', with the help of qualitative characters as the biological markers of their main objective and insect resistance after harvest. The 'ear shape' character is the most important selection criteria in this maize production system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work was carried out in order to continue increasing the genetic diversity of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill species by farmers from Havana province and to let them adopt the best adapted varieties to the agroecological conditions of their farms. Investigations were conducted in the experimental areas of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, San José de las Lajas and a producer's farm from "Juan Benito Ruiz" Credit and Service cooperative, Batabanó. In the first case, a comparative trial of yield was performed according to traditional plant breeding methods; in the second one, an agrobiodiversity fair was celebrated, following the new breeding method known as Participatory Plant Breeding. Results were evaluated by double classification variance analysis and Newman-Keuls test to establish varietal effect. Results of the agrobiodiversity fair were analyzed by every producer selecting each variety, also determining the influence of gender and participants' social function. The variety Mara and lines 1, 35 and 44 showed a good behaviour in both tests; therefore, they are recommended to be extended in Batabanó and to continue being evaluated in other localities of the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se presentan los resultados de un estudio de los criterios de fitoselección utilizados por campesinos que participaron en una feria de diversidad agrícola en la provincia de La Habana, Cuba. Se analizan los criterios de selección de variedades de maíz con atención al genero y localidad de origen de los agricultores. Los criterios favorecidos incluyeron la altura de la mazorca, el ciclo de cultivo y el grosor del tallo.