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The extent of the diversity of fossil handsome fungus beetles (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) is still poorly comprehended but in the recent years efforts have been made in their documentation. Recently, different taxa from mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar have been discovered and described. These represent the oldest known members of several subfamilies of Endomychidae or have been placed as incertae sedis within the family. The genus Cretaparamecus (Merophysiinae) was earlier described based on one species from Myanmar amber, C. tarsalis. Here we describe three new species from the same locality and geological horizon, C. angustus , C. crassipes and C. uncinus spp. nov. The genus is redescribed to incorporate the morphological variation observed in these species. The morphological and species diversity of the genus in mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar is discussed. In order to confirm the origin and age of the amber pieces studied, FT-IR spectra were obtained. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Gastropods are generally rare in amber. In this paper we describe an example of exceptional soft-bodied preservation in a fossil terrestrial mollusk-a snail shell with some tissue, including part of the cephalic region (head) with a tentacle and inferred eye stalk, and potentially part of the foot and operculum. The snail, a probable juvenile, is preserved in Burmese amber (Burmite) from Myanmar, of earliest Cenomanian age. Morphological evidence suggests a cyclophoroidean ancestry and a possible attribution to the family Cyclophoridae; members of this superfamily are widespread today in Asia, thus indicating a long geological history in the region. This specimen constitutes the first confirmed and oldest record of soft-bodied preservation of a snail in Cretaceous amber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Hukawngichthyurus kyawkhaingwini gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar (Burmite). The new species belongs to the subfamily Cantharinae Imhoff, 1856, especially the last urites in a kind of fishtail are, similar to the representatives of tribe Ichthyurini Champion, 1915, subfamily Chauliognathinae LeConte, 1861, whose taxa are currently found mainly in the Southern Hemisphere and the Oriental region. This peculiar aspect makes us assume that we are dealing with a probable case of adaptive convergence and confirms that the arthropods (and plants) in Burmese amber have many similarities with the faunas of Gondwana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A rare species of archaic beetle, Paraodontomma szwedoi sp. nov., is described in burmite from northern Myanmar. It belongs to an unusual extinct genus with numerous pointed teeth along the edge of the body. It is the smallest species in the genus and reveals a dorsal ornamentation not previously reported. The beetle is undoubtedly an ommatine, a now relict family group in the southern hemisphere, but belongs to the extinct Brochocoleini when archaic beetles were more diverse in the Cretaceous tropics. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • A new species of archaic beetle Paraodontomma szwedoi is described in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. • It is an unusual and rare serrated beetle in the extinct tribe Brochocoleini. • Paraodontomma was possibly adapted for a cryptic life on bark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Four new genera along with four new species belonging to three subfamilies of the family Endomychidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) are described, diagnosed and imaged from Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber: Burmalestes albertalleni Tomaszewska and Ślipiński gen. et sp. nov. , Cretolestes niger Tomaszewska, Ślipiński and Ren gen. et sp. nov. (Leiestinae), Cretaparamecus tarsalis Tomaszewska, Ślipiński, Bai and Zhang gen. et sp. nov. (Merophysiinae), and Palaeomycetes foveolatus Tomaszewska, Ślipiński and Ren gen. et sp. nov. (Xenomycetinae). They represent the oldest discovered definitive fossil members of the Endomychidae and the first records of the superfamily Coccinelloidea from the Burmese amber. Zemyna Tomaszewska nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for the recently described Laima Alekseev and Tomaszewska, 2018 (Endomychidae: Endomychinae) from the Eocene Baltic amber; Laima is the name already used in a fossil Brachiopoda (Gravitis, 1981). Highlights • The oldest fossil Endomychidae are described from the Upper Cretaceous Burmese amber. • Cretaceous Endomychidae represent three extant subfamilies and four extinct genera. • This is the first record of superfamily Coccinelloidea from Burmese amber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A seventh species of fossil zorapteran (Zoraptera) in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber is described and figured from an apterous female (dealate). Zorotypus (s. str.) dilaticeps sp. nov. is exceptionally large in body size (ca. 3.9 mm), and can be readily distinguished from all other extinct and Recent members of the order by its distinctive head morphology and by unique spination of the metafemur and metatibia. Our new find sheds further light on the diversity and morphological disparity of fossil zorapterans during the Late Mesozoic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extinct ant-like stone beetle genus Cascomastigus Yin & Cai was recently established to accommodate C . monstrabilis Yin & Cai from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. This species developed a highly specialized antennal ‘setal trap’, and was hypothesized to enroll these into predation on fast-moving preys, particularly springtails. However, only a single species of Cascomastigus has been known so far, and the paleodiversity of this peculiar group remains underexplored. Here we described another species, Cascomastigus minor Yin, Cai and Huang sp. nov., also from Burmese amber. The new species is distinctly smaller than C . monstrabilis , and may be further separated by the relatively longer antennomeres III, and much stouter maxillary palpomeres IV. Our new find highlights the paleodiversity of the genus Cascomastigus during the late Mesozoic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the hangingfly genus Bittacus Latreille, 1805, Bittacus lepiduscretaceus sp. nov., is described based on a well-preserved amber specimen from the mid-Cretaceous of Myanmar. The new species, the earliest fossil record of Bittacus , has new morphological characters to enhance our knowledge of the early evolution of Bittacus hangingflies. This new finding also provide evidence to broaden the diversity of Bittacidae in the Cretaceous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new genera and four new species representing Erythraeidae ( Burerythrites pankowskii gen. et sp. nov., Burphanolophus joergwunderlichi gen. et sp. nov.), Smarididae ( Burfessonia maryae gen. et sp. nov.) and Trombellidae ( Nothrotrombidium myanmarum sp. nov.) (Arachnida: Trombidiformes, Parasitengona) are described from the Upper Cretaceous (Albian) Burmese amber. Other erythraeoid and trombidioid mites, not identified to the species level, including larvae attached to nematoceran flies, were discovered in the same fossiliferous deposits from Myanmar. These are the first Cretaceous records of named species of Smarididae and Trombellidae and of unnamed Microtrombidiidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our knowledge of Mesozoic zorapteran diversity is largely acquired from two recent works by Engel and Grimaldi (2002) and Kaddumi (2005), where five new species of the order were described from lower Cretaceous Jordanian and mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Here, we report the occurrence of two additional species, Zorotypus ( Octozoros ) cenomanianus sp. n., and Z . ( s. str. ) denticulatus sp. n., in Burmese amber. The former new species shares with Z . nascimbenei Engel & Grimaldi, Z . acanthothorax Engel & Grimaldi, and Z. hudae (Kaddumi) a reduced number of antennomeres (eight), while the latter possesses nine-segmented antennae similar to Z . cretatus Engel & Grimaldi. Both new species are readily separable from known extinct congeners by features of the antenna, nota, wings, and terminal abdominal segments, as well as the spination of the metafemur and metatibia. The discovery of two additional Zorotypus species in Myanmar amber suggests a potentially higher diversity of Burmese zorapterans in tropical forests than currently documented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus and species of cimicomorphan bug, Aphrastomedes anthocoroides Yamada and Yamamoto, gen. and sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on two specimens preserved in Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian) amber from the Hukawng Valley of northern Myanmar (Burma). This remarkable cimicomorphan species is tentatively assigned to the family Velocipedidae primarily on the basis of the structure of the labium, forewings, and genitalia. Aphrastomedes is considered best placed in the Cimiciformes as a member of the Velocipedidae, and it also has a close relationship to the Medocostidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant scorpions of the small family Chaerilidae are very sparse, and they are poorly documented in the fossil record. Here we describe two immature chaerilids from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar based on multiple imaging methods. Our specimens can be unambiguously assigned to Chaerilus in family Chaerilidae based on their complete type B trichobothrial pattern, very broad anterior margin of maxillary lobes I, serrated ventral denticle of cheliceral movable finger, presence of pectinal fulcra, and spiniform setae on the ventral surface of tarsi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first definitive fossil of the peculiar monotypic rove beetle subfamily Megalopsidiinae is described as a new species Megalopinus extinctus sp. n. It represents a stem lineage valuable for the study of the early diversification of Staphylinidae, where sister group relationships of Megalopsidiinae currently remain a big controversy. This discovery corroborates the Mesozoic origin of this subfamily implied by its presumably basal phylogenetic position within Staphylinidae and hitherto available fossil record for the family. Well preserved peculiar mouthparts of M. extinctus specialized similarly with recent Megalopinus suggest the same mode of feeding in Megalopsidiinae for nearly a hundred million years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hukawnelca gracile gen. et sp. nov. and Caelielca spinocrus gen. et sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Elcanidae) from middle Cretaceous Burmese amber are characterized by morphological characteristics of the pronotum, metatibial spurs, and wing venation. The Hukawnelca gracile gen. et sp. nov. had the unique anatomical characters such as a long dorsal margin of the pronotum, large broad leaf-like metatibial spurs, several spines on the metatarsus, and forewing venations. Caelielca spinocrus gen. et sp. nov. had the unique morphologies of non-prolonged head and wing venation similar to those in Caelifera species. These unique morphologies of both species distinguished them from the earlier Elcanid species. • Two new genera and species of Elcanidae from Burmese amber from middle Cretaceous age reported. • Two new taxa of Hukawnelca gen. et. sp. nov. and Caelielca gen. et. sp. nov. preserved most parts assigned to Elcanidae. • Their unique morphologies distinguished them from the earlier described Elcanid species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudoscorpions have a sparse fossil record although they are among the oldest terrestrial lineages with origins that go back to the Devonian (ca. 385 Ma). Amongst the 25 extant families of pseudoscorpions, only 14 are known from fossils, most of which are preserved in European ambers from the Eocene. Burmese amber from the Cenomanian (mid-Cretaceous) of northern Myanmar is an important source of Mesozoic pseudoscorpion fossils but only six species have been described from this amber to date. In this paper, we establish the first fossil record for the pseudoscorpion family Ideoroncidae Chamberlin, 1930, which is coequally the oldest record of the pseudoscorpion superfamily Neobisioidea. The new genus Proalbiorix is established for the two species P. gracilis sp. nov. and P. compactus sp. nov. which already show all diagnostic features of members belonging to this family to date. Interestingly, Proalbiorix shows morphological features that align the fossils with present-day fauna from the Americas and Africa rather than Asia, which has biogeographical implications. Overall, the description provides another example of relative morphological stasis of pseudoscorpions compared to other arachnid lineages such as spiders, and that all major clades of pseudoscorpions were established long before the Cretaceous. • First fossil record of Pseudoscorpions of the Ideoroncidae family. • Oldest record of Neobisioidea. • New species Proalbiorix similar to present-day species from the Americas and Africa. • Morphological stasis of pseudoscorpions confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of a new genus, Burminella artiukhini , from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (ca. 99-98 Ma), is described in the family Pupinidae. This land snail possesses intermediate characters between the latter group and some other families of Cyclophoroidea. The shell of B. artiukhini is relatively high and has 8.5 whorls, which places it more closely to known genera of Pupinidae. But it differs from all other genera of the family by the oblique aperture and relatively wide conical shell, the characters common in many Cyclophoridae, Neocyclotidae and Alycaeidae. It means that B. artiukhini is possibly representing a morphological group that was ancestral to all other Pupinidae and, therefore, was transitional between this family and other Cyclophoroidea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new species belonging to genera † Burmorchestina Wunderlich, 2008 (2 species) and Orchestina Simon, 1882 (1 species) of the spider family Oonopidae Simon, 1890 are described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber: Burmorchestina bo Jiang and Li sp. nov., B. gong Jiang and Li sp. nov., and Orchestina qiu Jiang and Li sp. nov. In addition, males of Burmorchestina acuminata Wunderlich, 2017, B. biangulata Wunderlich, 2017, B. circular Wunderlich, 2020, B. plana Wunderlich, 2017, B. pulchra Wunderlich, 2008 and B. pulcheroides Wunderlich, 2017 are illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first amber-embedded fossil representing the lizard family Agamidae, Protodraco monocoli gen. et sp. nov., is described in burmite of the lowermost Cenomanian (ca. 99 Ma; mid-Cretaceous) from northern Myanmar. It is among both the oldest known amber lizards and the oldest fossils of the family. The fossil is a well preserved left hind foot with shank, morphologically similar to basal taxa of modern Southeast Asian agamids. Because of the sparse Cretaceous fossil record it could provide a calibration point for divergence-time analyses and contradicts views that agamids colonized SE Asia during the Paleogene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mesozoic records of the extant megadiverse subfamily Pselaphinae are scarce. A single genus and species of the tribe Brachyglutini has been recently reported. Here we describe Burmagluta rougemonti gen. et sp. nov., a second representative of Brachyglutini from Burmese amber. The new genus shares with Cretobrachygluta Yin, Kurbatov, Cuccodoro & Cai many external features, but clearly differs in having large antennomeres 2 in relation to antennomeres 1, presence of distinct lateral longitudinal sulci of the pronotum, and lack of subhumeral foveae and marginal sulci of the elytra. The discovery of Burmagluta gen. nov. sheds new light on the palaeodiversity of Pselaphinae in the Mesozoic and provides valuable insights into the evolution of Brachyglutini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Euthema of mid-Cretaceous age (Cenomanian, ca. 99–98 Ma), E. annae sp. nov., is described on the basis of two shells in Burmese amber (northern Myanmar). It differs by the presence of a parietal inclusion in the aperture and by the weakly convex whorls with dense, diagonally aligned ribs on the last whorl. The genus Euthema is redescribed, and a new synonym recognised, Paleodiplommatina. A list of all currently described molluscan species from Burmese amber is provided. Lagocheilus electrospira is reassigned to the genus Eotrichophorus. The taxonomic diversity and abundance of molluscs in Burmese amber are discussed on the basis of 198 observed snail inclusions from amber trading exchange and published data. Apparently, molluscs are much more common in Burmese amber than in any other deposit of amber, with a notable predominance of Cyclophoroidea. There are no specimens that could indicate the presence of Stylommatophora, Ellobioidea or other "pulmonates". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus and species of planthopper, Lanlakawa changdaensis gen. et sp. nov., is described based on a well-preserved specimen from mid-Cretaceous Kachin (Burmese) amber. This is the ninth genus of the extinct family Perforissidae and the sixth genus of the subfamily Cixitettiginae. The new genus mainly differs from the five previously described genera in tegmen venation and the number of teeth in tibial pectens. Previous researches of sensory pits and wing-coupling apparatus are briefly reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bubosa poinari gen. et sp. nov. from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber represents a bark cohort cockroach (Blattaria). Numerous standard and intercalary veins and a wide and long costal area place it within the family Blattidae. The narrow pronotum and slender extremities, including the extremely long cerci, shifted interantennal ridge and fluent forewing CuA are autapomorphic features. The discovery further demonstrates the representation of bark taxa among amber material, a category virtually absent in coeval sedimentary deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fossil genus, Burmochlus gen. nov., with a species B. madmaxi sp. nov. (Diptera, Chironomidae, Podonominae) is described from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar (~100 Ma). The adult male of the new species/genus displays an interesting wing structure with a trace of the vein R 2+3 (or R 3 alone), the character unique in the subfamily Podonominae. The wing squama with a process bearing a bunch of setae, the wing membrane covered with bi- or trifid spinulae-like microtrichia, the gonostylus with a collar-like ring and a pear-shaped distal part, the robust anal point and the extensive superior volsella are also characters defined as exclusive for Burmochlus. The antenna, thorax and several hypopygium structures found in male Burmochlus clearly resemble those known from Archaeochlus Brundin, here defined as the closest relative, as well as from Afrochlus Freeman and Austrochlus Cranston – both previously referenced to or derived from Archaeochlus , hence being postulated as close or sister taxa. In a view of several hypotheses on the time of divergence of the Podonominae and other related subfamilies, this is the oldest fossil record of a true Podonominae chironomid based on definition of male characters, and dated back to the "mid-Cretaceous". Along with Furcobuchonomyia Baranov, Góral et Ross (Buchonomyiinae) and Myanmaro Giłka, Makarchenko, Pankowski et Zakrzewska (Orthocladiinae), Burmochlus is the third genus described from Burmese amber, and the first known Podonominae chironomid described from this deposit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]