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A SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 /Si-SiC-MoSi 2 coating was proposed to repair the damaged SiC coated C/C composites by laser cladding. Laser ablation was performed to evaluate the effect of coating repair. Results showed that the preparation of the SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 outer layer could improve the laser ablation resistance of the specimens by weakening heat accumulation and enhancing heat consumption, which reduced the maximum temperature by 261.99 K and 694.75 K during ablation under 300 W and 500 W for 7 s. The growth of the ablative products, including the Si nanowires and SiO x spherical particles, was based on vapor deposition and oxide-assisted growth mechanism. • The damaged SiC coated C/C composites was repaired by laser cladding technique. • A SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 /Si-SiC-MoSi 2 coating system was proposed for repair. • The laser ablation resistance was improved by preparing the SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 outer layer. • The ablation temperature was reduced significantly by the SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 outer layer. • Both heat accumulation and consumption were influenced by the SiO 2 -Nd 2 O 3 outer layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]