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Start Over Topic india Publication Year Range Last 10 years Journal contraception
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1. Impact evaluation of the Urban Health Initiative in urban Uttar Pradesh, India.

Author

Achyut, Pranita, Benson, Aimee, Calhoun, Lisa M., Corroon, Meghan, Guilkey, David K., Kebede, Essete, Lance, Peter M., Mishra, Anurag, Nanda, Priya, O'Hara, Rick, Sengupta, Ranajit, Speizer, Ilene S., Stewart, John F., Winston, Jennifer, and O'Hara, Rick

Subjects
*URBAN health, *FAMILY planning, *ACQUISITION of data, *HEALTH programs, *HEALTH facilities, *COMPARATIVE studies, *CONTRACEPTION, *LONGITUDINAL method, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *MULTIVARIATE analysis, *REGRESSION analysis, *RESEARCH, *RESEARCH funding, *CITY dwellers, *EVALUATION research, *EVALUATION of human services programs
Abstract

Objectives: The Urban Health Initiative (UHI) was initiated in 2009 with the goal of increasing family planning (FP) use among the poor in urban areas of Uttar Pradesh, India. The Measurement, Learning & Evaluation project (MLE) was tasked with rigorous impact evaluation of the UHI. This paper presents the impact evaluation findings of the UHI program.Study Design: The MLE design includes a longitudinal sample of women and health facilities with baseline (2010) and endline (2014) data collection in six cities in Uttar Pradesh, India. At baseline, samples representative of women in each city were selected with oversampling of the poor. Eighty-four percent of women interviewed at baseline were reinterviewed 4 years later at endline. The longitudinal data support a within/fixed-effects approach to identification of program impact on changes in modern FP use.Results: Impact evaluation results show significant effects of exposure to both demand and supply side program activities. In particular, women exposed to brochures (marginal effect: 6.96, p<.001), billboards/posters/wall hangings (marginal effect: 2.09, p<.05), and FP on the television (marginal effect: 2.46, p<.001) were significantly more likely to be using a modern method at endline. In addition, we found borderline significance for being exposed to a community health worker (marginal effect: 1.66, p<.10) and living close to an improved public and private supply environment where UHI undertook activities (marginal effects and p values: 2.48, p<.05 and 1.56, p<.10, respectively).Conclusions: UHI program activities were designed to complement the Government of India's strategies aimed at ensuring access to and provision of FP to urban poor populations. The effective demand- and supply-side strategies of the UHI program are therefore likely to be sustainable and scalable to other urban areas in India.Implications Statement: Findings from this study are important for designing sustainable and scalable FP strategies for urban India where increases in FP use will be relevant for meeting international FP targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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2. Reporting sterilization as a current contraceptive method among sterilized women: lessons learned from a population with high sterilization rates, Rajasthan, India

Author

Choi, Yoonjoung, Khanna, Anoop, Zimmerman, Linnea, Radloff, Scott, Zachary, Blake, and Ahmad, Danish

Subjects
Adult, Contraceptive prevalence rate, Sterilization, Reproductive, Data quality, Sterilization, India, Article, Contraception, Surveys and Questionnaires, CI, confidence internal, Humans, Female, Survey, PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020
Abstract

Objective Measuring current use of contraception relies on self-reported responses from survey respondents. Reporting validity may be affected by women's interpretation of the question and may vary by background characteristics of women. The study aims to understand levels and patterns of underreporting of female sterilization in a population with high sterilization rates. Study design Data came from the Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 survey conducted in Rajasthan, India, in early 2017. In addition to a conventional question to ascertain current contraceptive use, the survey included a probing question; women who did not report sterilization as a current method were asked if they were ever sterilized. Women were defined as sterilization users based on either question. Among sterilized women, we estimated the percent who reported sterilization as a current method. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess differential reporting across background characteristics. Results Among women who were ever sterilized, 78% reported currently using any contraceptive method(s), and 77% reported sterilization as the current method. Women in the lowest household wealth quintile or in general caste were less likely to report sterilization as a current method. Time since sterilization was not associated with correct reporting of sterilization. Conclusion This study demonstrates, in a population with high sterilization, that sterilization as a current contraceptive method would be substantially underestimated using conventional survey questions. It highlights the importance of context-specific questionnaire adaptation to measure and monitor contraceptive use and provides implications in measuring current use of contraception in populations with high rates of sterilization. Implications The paper examined reporting of sterilization as a current method among sterilized women. Only 77% of sterilized women reported sterilization as a current contraceptive method. In a population with high sterilization, inclusion of a probe question in surveys is recommended to understand reporting quality and accurately measure contraceptive prevalence rates.

Published
2019