1. Formation of the circle of Willis during human embryonic development
- Author
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Takakuwa, Tetsuya, Koike, Teppei, Muranaka, Taiga, Uwabe, Chigako, and Yamada, Shigehito
- Subjects
three-dimensional reconstruction ,circle of Willis ,human embryo - Abstract
The circle of Willis (CW) is a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to the brain and adjacent structures. We examined the timing of formation of CW in 20 Japanese human embryo samples by using 3-dimensional reconstruction of serial histological sections. The CW was closed in 1 (n = 6), 2 (n = 8), 2 (n = 3) and 2 (n = 3) samples at Carnegie stages 20, 21, 22, and 23, respectively. The CW was unclosed in 13 samples (unclosed at ACOM alone, 6 samples; ACOM and bilateral P1, 4; left PCOM and right P1, 1; right PCOM and right P1, 1; ACOM and left PCOM, 1). It was difficult to predict whether the circle would close during further development, as such variations frequently exist in adults.
- Published
- 2016