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How can the advantages of formal methods be brought to emerging smart cities? We discuss several core challenges and our recent efforts as the first step toward developing novel formal methods to ensure safety and performance in smart cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid rate of change in the computing and engineering domains has our educational institutions on high alert. The authors explore how best to prepare graduates for a world in which cyber-physical systems are increasingly ubiquitous. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses the hardware and software that go into creating wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Topics include the hardware characteristics of smart wireless sensor devices, wireless communications stacks, sensing stacks, middleware services, the operating system, and software application. WSNs have current and potential applications in energy, medicine, military applications, and agriculture. WSNs can be attached to the Internet, and future developments may see WSN data available via Internet search engines.

The article focuses on opportunities and obligations for physical computing systems. Seamlessly integrating computing with the physical world via sensors and actuators, physical computing systems promise to give society an improved living standard, greater security, and unparalleled convenience and efficiency. To better understand physical computing's advantages, this article gives emphasis on three application areas. These include assisted living, emergency response systems for natural or man-made disasters, and protecting critical infrastructures at the national level.

Focuses on the vulnerability o sensor networks and protocols on denial-of-service attacks. Applications of sensor networks; Development of sensor networks; Threat of denial-of-service attacks.

Provides information on real-time databases. Definitions related to real-time databases; Misconceptions about real-time databases; Discussion on research challenges. INSET: Other Research Areas.