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The IEEE Computer Society awards program honors leaders within technology who made a great impact on the advancement of innovation while at service to the computing profession and the Society. Our award recipients represent the best and the brightest luminaries and pioneers within the field of computer science and computer engineering. Contribute to the Society's prestigious awards program by nominating eligible individuals who are deserving of international recognition for their significant technical achievements and their dedication to the advancement of the computing field. Computer is pleased to highlight this year's distinguished award winners on the following pages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer engineering is a rapidly evolving discipline. How should we teach it to our students? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The IEEE Computer Society awards program honors technology leaders who have had a great impact on the advancement of innovation while serving the computer profession and the Society. We're pleased to announce 2021 award recipients (as of September 2021) that represent the brightest luminaries and pioneers within the field of computer science and computer engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of computer and sensing technologies enables e-coaching systems for individuals with various physical health and mental health challenges. In this article, we review recent research efforts on using virtual avatar-based computer technologies to improve social and communication skills of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and outline the research needed for building the next generation virtual avatar-based life coaching system for children with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OpenCL and the first-order finite-element method approximation are selected for code design, but the techniques are also applicable to the CUDA programming model and other types of finite-element discretizations (including discontinuous Galerkin and isogeometric). ELSEWHERE IN THE CS 4 CO M P UT E R P U B L ISH ED BY T H E I EEE COM P U T ER S OC I E T Y 0 0 18- 9 1 6 2 / 2 1 © 2 0 2 1 I E E E Co m p u t e r Highlights Society Magazines The IEEE Computer Society's lineup of 12 peer-reviewed technical magazines covers cutting-edge topics ranging from software design and computer graphics to Internet computing and security, from scientific applications and machine intelligence to visualization and microchip design. [Extracted from the article]

The nation that invented the computer lost its lead by discarding its most plentiful supply of trained technologists: women. This article discusses why failure narratives are as important to understanding the history of computing as success stories, and explains how structural sexism has affected the progress of computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

FreeBSD (an open source Unix-like OS) and Apple’s Mac OS use similar BSD functionality but take different approaches. FreeBSD implements a traditional compact monolithic Unix kernel, whereas Mac OS builds the BSD Unix functionality on top of the Mach microkernel. The authors provide an in-depth technical investigation of both approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Could combining quantum computing and machine learning with Moore’s law produce a true “rebooted computer”? This article posits that a three-technology hybrid-computing approach might yield sufficiently improved answers to a broad class of problems such that energy efficiency will no longer be the dominant concern. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Information of interest to Computer Society members. The CS is accepting applications for editor in chief for several magazines and transactions. We also acknowledge 2018 Fellows and remember Lotfi Zadeh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In assessing the validity of security claims, assurance cases are an effective approach to help refine the claims, collect detailed evidence, narrow options, and structure a convincing and valid argument to justify the resulting decision. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Discover how the University of Florida's team prepared for the most difficult collegiate-level robotic competition. The Web extra at https://youtu.be/ODmYL8SQcN8 showcases the development of the NaviGator Autonomous Maritime System for participation in the 2016 Maritime RobotX Challenge in Hawaii. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Computing technologies have rapidly transformed our world and, perhaps unsurprisingly, have a profound capacity for transforming us. Given our inherent human vulnerabilities and limitations, these technological advances do more than just pick up the slack. The articles in this special issue exemplify novel ways of augmenting human communications, sensing capacity, neurological fortitude, and more. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predictions are the opposite of hindsight. In a world with a continuous bombardment of new information, it is easy to lose the perspective of where events and technologies are headed. I was asked to write my opinion on the predictions in the seven articles in this issue that discuss where computer technology might be headed. Crystal balls are rarely accurate, but here is my crystal ball on their crystal balls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To satisfy the demand for collective and collaborative cloud use, academia and industry want to interconnect heterogeneous clouds to form a federated system. This approach is promising but also faces significant challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Events of interest to Computer Society members. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A precise philosophical definition of science is as elusive as one for art. However, some candidates are clearly beyond the scope afforded by common sense and good taste. This specifically includes commoditized, dogmatic, approval-seeking, agenda-driven efforts that amount to nothing more than bogus science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quantitative analysis supports the argument that very low acceptance rates of conference papers are more likely to impede publication of bold and innovative research results than to indicate the chosen papers' prestige and elite status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secretocracy is an insidious, anti-democratic form of government sustained by secrecy and defined by an ill-informed body politic. Securocrats, and the military-industrial complex that feeds on them, increasingly use computing technology to prevent the electorate from accessing complete information. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Information of interest to Computer Society members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The IEEE Computer Society provides foundational standards for the benefit of consumers, industry, and government, as well as the programmers and engineers building tomorrow’s technology wonders. Participation in these standards-development projects is open to everyone. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A recent workshop envisions the impacts that information and communications technology advances will have on warfare by 2050 and the challenges these pose for command and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrating software developed by third-party organizations into a larger system raises concerns about the software's quality, origin, functionality, security, and interoperability. Addressing these concerns requires rethinking the roles of software's principal supply-chain actors--vendor, assessor, and evaluator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Year-over-year exponential computer performance scaling has ended. Complicating this is the coming disruption of the "technology escalator" underlying the industry: Moore's law. To fundamentally rethink and restart the performance-scaling trend requires bold new ways to compute and a commitment from all stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about upcoming events of interest to Computer Society members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Survey informatics leverages two separate but vital areas of research--survey methodology and computer science and engineering--to advance the state of the art in each and improve our understanding of the human experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and events of interest to Computer Society members. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Web evolved much more rapidly than was probably envisioned when it was invented two decades ago. The authors present their vision for the Web's next two decades by identifying important research directions that can help extend its reach further. The Web extra at https://youtu.be/2Pd6bnxCknk is a video in which author Vishnu S. Pendyala expands on the article "The Web That Extends beyond the World," discussing the future of the Web, and how it can extend to other planets. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The ways in which we use and develop tools shape human destiny. This is especially true when such tools are used in harmful ways--as with the recent rash of cyberattacks. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The disruption is not over--the Web's transformation of the world as we know it has only just begun. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

There's nothing wrong with having multiple smartphone authentication systems--each adapted to different device capabilities and mobile contexts--as long as they're complementary and don't detract from the user experience. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Engineers at Living Computers: Museum + Labs have salvaged one of the world's first supercomputers. In the Web extra at https://youtu.be/wDc1630krls, Charles Severance goes behind the scenes at the Living Computers: Museum + Lab to discover how its engineers salvaged one of the world's first supercomputers. In the second Web extra at https://youtu.be/8jysBmy5Bec, author Charles Severance provides an audio recording of this Computing Conversations column. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Computer technology is the nexus of our critical infrastructures, yet it remains extremely vulnerable to cyberattacks. A proposed Integrated Adaptive Cyber Defense architecture promises to create a healthy cyber ecosystem by automating many risk decisions and optimizing human oversight of security processes too complex or important for machines alone to solve. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Software-defined networking opens up new possibilities for architectures based on open source components, promising improved orchestration and agility, lower operational costs, and--most important--a wave of innovation. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/pdG2btcyyK8 is a video in which authors Christian Esteve Rothenberg, Roy Chua, and Thomas Nadeau present a slideshow and discuss how software-defined networking opens up new possibilities for architectures based on open-source components, promising improved orchestration and agility, lower operational costs, and a new wave of innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Information about upcoming events of interest to Computer Society members. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]