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Feedback on patterns of social interaction was given to chronic schizophrenic patients at their weekly ward community meetings for a period of four weeks. This feedback produced a significant decrement in aloneness (from an initial level of 80% to 72%) relative to the initial pre-feedback period. Isolation had returned to the initial pre-feedback level six months later at which time a replication of the feedback procedures again produced a similar aloneness decrement. No differences were observed between drug (phenothiazine) and placebo patients.

Summary This paper attempts to review reports on combinations of drugs and other modalities. The following tentative impressions appear warranted: 1. Combined ECT and drugs: Anti-depressants may maintain post-ECT improvement in mood, but no decided advantage obtains from its use during a course of ECT treatment. Combination of reserpine and ECT may be dangerous. Phenothiazines may have beneficial effects as a tranquilizer, but synergism with ECT remains doubtful. 2. Combined occupational therapy and drugs: Apparently drugs make it possible for many inaccessible patients to participate meaningfully in social interaction and to learn new skills. 3. Combined psychotherapy and drugs: Various drugs are alleged to hasten or facilitate individual psychotherapy; however, where anxiety is reduced it is also reported that patients stop working in psychotherapy and become complacent. Individualization and special attention to drug dosage may optimize usefulness of drugs in this context. In group therapy, tranquilizers appear to facilitate interaction and enhance the group process.

Increased activity of cieatine phosphokinase (CPK) or aldolase, or both, was found, on a blind basis, in the serum of 25 of 39 acute schizophrenic patients at some phase of their illness. The median increase in serum enzyme activity was approximately threefold. Smaller increases in serum CPK and aldolase activity were also found in five of 22 first-degree relatives of the acute patients. In the patients, the serum enzyme activity increased briefly and returned to normal but the enzyme increases were persistent in the relatives.

1. 1. Two groups of chronic schizophrenic patients had a sufficient difference in skin potential response wave form to a loud noise so that they could be rank ordered with respect to normal responses. 2. 2. The skin potential response wave form rank order correlated with the rank order as determined by two behavioral measures of the patient's clinical state. 3. 3. No specific component of the wave form correlated with the clinical state. 4. 4. The skin potential response wave form may provide a physiologic way of following a chronic schizophrenic clinical state.