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Background: As people live longer and the number of elderly individuals increases, caring for the elderly and increasing quality of life become important health care concerns. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess physical functioning among elderly people in rural Indonesia and draw conclusions about factors that might impact physical functioning. Methods: This study involved 412 elderly individuals aged 60 and over selected by multistage random sampling. A logistic regression was used to determine factors which associated with physical functioning. Results: Older age (75+), suffered from chronic illness, and living in low- and middle- income households tend to have limitations on physical function. Also, elderly individuals who had partner and were currently working experienced better physical function than those who did not. Conclusion: This study supports other findings that say elderly people should do activities that reduce the risk of developing chronic illnesses. Having regular physical activity and routine preventive health check-ups can improve overall health, protect from having diseases and maintain the physical function of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]