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Crocombe LA, Brennan DS, Slade GD. The influence of dental attendance on change in oral health-related quality of life. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 53-63. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract - Background: Few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between dental attendance and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). These studies were limited to older adults, or to study participants with an oral disadvantage and did not assess if dental attendance had a different effect on OHRQoL for different people. Objective: This project was designed to test whether routine dental attendance improved the OHRQoL of survey participants and whether any patient factors influenced the effect of dental attendance on change in OHRQoL. Methods: Collection instruments of a service use log book and a 12 month follow-up mail self-complete questionnaire were added to the Tasmanian component of the National Survey of Adult Oral Health 2004/06. The dependent variable was change in OHIP-14 severity and the independent variable was dental attendance. Many putative confounders/effect modifiers were analysed in bivariate, stratified and three-model multivariate analyses. These included indicators of treatment need, sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, pattern of dental attendance and access to dental care. Results: None of the putative confounders were associated with both dental attendance and the change in mean OHIP-14 severity. The only statistically significant interaction for change in OHIP-14 severity was observed for dental attendance by residential location ( P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant association of dental attendance with change in mean OHIP-14 severity. It also showed that the difference in association of attendance between Hobart, the capital city of Tasmania, and other places was statistically significant based on the interaction between residential location and attendance ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The effect of dental attendance on OHRQoL was influenced by a patient's residential location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Busato IMS, Ignácio SA, Brancher JA, Moysés ST, Azevedo-Alanis LR. Impact of clinical status and salivary conditions on xerostomia and oral health-related quality of life of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2012; 40: 62-69. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract - Objectives: To investigate the influence of clinical status and salivary conditions on the presence of xerostomia on adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), and further to investigate the influence of clinical status, salivary conditions and xerostomia on oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) of those with DM1. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 102 adolescents, 51 with DM1 and 51 nondiabetics. Xerostomia was detected by asking a question about the sensation of having 'dry mouth', and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 was used to measure the impact of xerostomia on OHQoL. The clinical status was assessed by using decayed, missing or filled and Community Periodontal indices, and by evaluating oral manifestations; and the following salivary conditions were evaluated: stimulated salivary flow, pH, buffer capacity, total protein, amylase, urea, calcium, and glucose salivary concentrations. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of clinical status and salivary conditions on xerostomia and the impact of xerostomia on the OHQoL of adolescents with DM1. Results: Clinical status and salivary conditions was shown to have no influence on the presence of xerostomia. Bivariate ( P = 0.00) and logistic regression ( P = 0.01) analysis showed a significant association between DM1 and xerostomia. Logistic regression analysis showed association between xerostomia ( P = 0.00) and OHQoL, and caries experience ( P = 0.03) and OHQoL. Conclusions: DM1 showed to be predictive of a high prevalence of xerostomia in adolescents. Caries experience and xerostomia showed to have a negative impact on the OHQoL of adolescents with DM1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Montero J, Bravo M, López-Valverde A. Development of a specific indicator of the well-being of wearers of removable dentures. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 515-524. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract - Objectives: Bearers of removable prostheses have certain particular characteristics that require the inclusion of items able to detect the specific effect on their oral functions (derived from the presence of such prostheses). We aimed to develop and validate a specific indicator for the assessment of oral health-related quality of life in bearers of dentures. Methods: A panel of experts compiled a questionnaire addressing oral health-related quality of life (11 items) to assess the degree of well-being afforded by removable dentures. After a pilot trial in patients bearing prostheses ( n = 36), a consecutive sampling of denture wearers ( n = 123) was conducted among patients not requesting odontological treatment and accompanying persons, attending their respective health centres in the City of Granada and its metropolitan area. The subjects were classified as RPP1 (removable partial prosthesis on one of the arches, RPP2 (on both) and complete prosthesis (CP on both arches). Results: The questionnaire was consistent (Cronbach alpha 0.814) and proved to have suitable validity. Factor analysis revealed three factors termed physical, psychological and social well-being, which coherently supported the interrelationship among the 11 items. The prevalence of impact was significantly higher in the CP individuals (97.1%) and in that of the RPP2 group (92.1%) than in the RPP1 subjects (80.7%). Prosthetic fit, aesthetics and self-confidence were significantly discrepant among the prosthetic groups, although the total prosthetic quality of life score was not able to differentiate them. The main prosthetic impact in all the prosthesis-wearing groups was attributed to 'food impaction', although all the groups were essentially satisfied with their mouth. Conclusions: The prosthetic quality of life (PQL) questionnaire is a valid and reliable indicator of the specific well-being of partial or complete denture wearers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arrow P, Brennan D, Spencer AJ. Quality of life and psychosocial outcomes after fixed orthodontic treatment: a 17-year observational cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 505-514. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract - Background: There is little evidence to suggest that orthodontic treatment can prevent or reduce the likelihood of dental caries or of periodontal disease or dental trauma and temporomandibular disorders, but there is a modest association between the presence of malocclusion/orthodontic treatment need and quality of life. However, little is known of the long-term outcomes of orthodontic treatment. This study reports on the longitudinal follow-up of quality of life and psychosocial outcomes of orthodontic treatment among a cohort of adults who were examined as adolescents in 1988/1989. Materials and Methods: Children who were examined in 1988/1989 were invited to a follow-up in 2005/2006. Respondents completed a questionnaire, which collected information on quality of life, receipt of orthodontic treatment and psychosocial factors, and were invited for a clinical examination. Oral health conditions including occlusal status using the Dental Aesthetic Index were recorded. Analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to examine the relationship between the measured factors. Results: There was no statistically significant association between occlusal status at adolescence and quality of life at adulthood. Those individuals who had orthodontic treatment but did not need orthodontic treatment had higher self-esteem (23.1, SD 5.2) and were more satisfied with life (18.5, SD 3.7) than other treatment groups (self-esteem range, 20.0-22.7; life satisfaction range, 16.4-18.1), anova P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively. Occlusal status at adulthood was significantly associated with quality of life, P < 0.01. Multivariate analyses showed a statistically significant association between occlusal status at adolescence ('Desirable treatment'β = 0.70, P = 0.04) and adulthood ('Desirable treatment'β = 1.66, P < 0.01) with quality of life. Orthodontic treatment was negatively associated with psychosocial factors (life satisfaction; fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT) β = −0.91, P = 0.02 and self-esteem; FOT β = −1.39, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Occlusal status appears to have limited association with quality of life and psychosocial factors. Receipt of fixed orthodontic treatment does not appear to be associated with oral health-related quality of life but appears to be negatively associated with self-esteem and satisfaction with life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liu Z, McGrath C, Hägg U. Associations between orthodontic treatment need and oral health-related quality of life among young adults: does it depend on how you assess them? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 137-144. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S To determine the association between orthodontic treatment need (OTN) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A cross-sectional study involving 273 young adults seeking orthodontic care. OHRQoL was assessed by the short-form Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and United Kingdom oral health-related quality of life measure (OHQoL-UK). Study casts were assessed for OTN by: Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)-Aesthetic Component (IOTN-AC) and Dental Health Component (IOTN-DHC) and Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Variations in OHIP-14 and OHQoL-UK were determined with respect to OTN, and the magnitude of differences was calculated (effect size: ES). There were significant but weak correlations between occlusal indices scores and OHIP-14 scores ( P < 0.05, r < 0.3) and between occlusal indices scores and OHQoL-UK scores ( P < 0.05, r < 0.4). The magnitude of the statistical difference in OHQoL-UK scores was moderate to large with respect to OTN (ES: 0.36-0.87) and largest when DHC (ES = 0.87) and ICON (ES = 0.74) were used. The magnitude of the statistical difference in OHIP-14 scores was relatively lower (ES: 0.21-0.69), but also greatest when DHC and ICON were used to determine OTN (ES 0.69 and 0.50, respectively). Orthodontic treatment need was associated with OHRQoL. The magnitude of the statistical difference between those with and without an orthodontic treatment need was larger when OHRQoL was assessed using OHQoL-UK compared to OHIP-14. DHC and ICON were more useful indices in identifying greater differences in OHRQoL with respect to orthodontic treatment need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abanto J, Carvalho TS, Mendes FM, Wanderley MT, Bönecker M, Raggio DP. Impact of oral diseases and disorders on oral health-related quality of life of preschool children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 105-114. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S The presence of oral diseases and disorders can produce an impact on the quality of life of preschool children and their parents, affecting their oral health and well-being. However, socioeconomic factors could confound this association, but it has not been yet tested at this age. To assess the impact of early childhood caries (ECC), traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and malocclusions on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children between 2 and 5 years of age adjusted by socioeconomic factors. Parents of 260 children answered the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) (six domains) on their perception of the children's OHRQoL and socioeconomic conditions. Two calibrated dentists (κ > 0.8) examined the severity of ECC according to dmft index, and children were categorized into: 0 = caries free; 1-5 = low severity; ≥6 = high severity. TDI and malocclusions were examined according to Andreasen & Andreasen (1994) classification and for the presence or absence of three anterior malocclusion traits (AMT), respectively. OHRQoL was measured through ECOHIS domain and total scores, and poisson regression was used to associate the different factors with the outcome. In each domain and overall ECOHIS scores, the severity of ECC showed a negative impact on OHRQoL ( P < 0.001). TDI and AMT did not show a negative impact on OHRQoL nor in each domain ( P > 0.05). The increase in the child's age, higher household crowding, lower family income and mother working out of home were significantly associated with OHRQoL ( P < 0.05). The multivariate adjusted model showed that the high severity of ECC (RR = 3.81; 95% CI = 2.66, 5.46; P < 0.001) was associated with greater negative impact on OHRQoL, while high family income was a protective factor for OHRQoL (RR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.87, 0.99; P < 0.001). The severity of ECC and a lower family income had a negative impact on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Locker D, Quiñonez C. To what extent do oral disorders compromise the quality of life? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 39: 3-11. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Most measures of 'oral health-related quality of life' assess the presence and frequency of functional and psychosocial impacts rather than explicitly documenting their impact on the quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate Prutkin and Feinstein's suggestion for addressing the issue of quality of life in health outcome research by the use of global ratings. Data were collected from a national sample of Canadian adults by means of a telephone interview survey based on random digit dialing. Participants completed the OHIP-14. Those reporting one or more impacts in the previous year were asked three questions concerning the extent to which these impacts bothered them, affected their life as a whole, and affected their quality of life. These items were scored on a scale ranging from 'Not at all' to 'A great deal'. All participants were asked to rate the quality of their life using a six-point scale ranging from 'Very poor' to 'Excellent'. Interviews were completed with 2027 participants, and 2019 were included in the analysis. Overall, 19.5% reported one or more impacts 'fairly often' or 'very often'. Of these, 48.3% reported being bothered by these impacts, 40.3% that their life overall was affected, and 36.0% that their quality of life was affected. These individuals represent 9.4%, 7.8%, and 6.9% of the sample as a whole. Among those reporting impacts, there was a significant association between OHIP-14 extent and severity scores and the three ratings. Those with impacts that bothered them, that affected their life overall or affected their quality of life, rated their overall quality of life less favorably than those with impacts that did not. Analysis by household income indicated that low-income participants were more likely to be OHIP-14 'cases'. Moreover, among the 'cases', low-income participants were more likely to report an impact on the quality of life. The addition of global ratings of oral health-related quality of life and quality of life provides information of use in understanding the negative consequences of oral disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]