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The article offers information on OCCAM-v2, a hybrid programming language that combines static analysis and dynamic analysis. The authors note that this tool is an extension of their earlier tool named OCCAM. Topics include the LLVM compiler, optimization of intrafunction analysis, and OCCAM-v2's deployment context analysis (DCA). Evaluating the effectiveness of the tool for software winnowing is also discussed.

Focuses on the structure of modular computer programs. Goal of structured programming; Importance of modular design in the manageability of large programs; Hypothetical pure tree structure as choice for data processing applications.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Liskov on Liskov," by Leah Hoffmann in the July 2009 issue.

The author reflects on the evolution of operating systems. Topics covered include a brief history of operating systems, the four stages of an operating system and highlights of various research made on operating systems. He discusses the eight principles which serve as the foundation for the generation of operating systems, wherein the principles include interactive computing, interrupt systems and modular programming.

Letters to the editor are presented in response to the article "Large-Scale Complex IT Systems” by Ian Sommerville and colleagues in the July 2012 issue.

Reports on the Soviet research project called Modular Asynchronous Reconfigurable Systems (MARS) which was initiated in the Novosibirk Computing Center in Russia. Incorporation of MARS in the START project; Aim of experimenting with new architectural concepts, concurrent languages, software and methodologies; Basic module structure; Multiprocessor systems; Focus on concurrency, modularity and programmability.

Object-oriented programming techniques promote a new approach to software engineering. By revising "frameworks" of plug-compatible software components (3), reliable, open applications can be largely constructed, rather than programmed. Although the […]

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in earlier issues of the journal "Communications of the ACM." Comment on the article "Real-Time: The Lost World of Software Debugging and Testing"; Appreciation of the article "The Structure of Modular Programs," by Joshua Turner; Information on the article "Comments on Program Specification and Testing."

This article presents information about meetings related to computer technology. The ACM-SHARE-IEEE Fifth Annual Design Automation Workshop will be held at Washington Hilton Hotel, Washington, D.C. during July 15-19, 1968. The National Symposium on Modular Programming will be held in Boston during July 29-30. The Computer Graphics International Symposium will be held at Brunel University, Uxbridge, England during July 29-30. The 1968 ISA Research Conference on Instrumentation Science will be held at Quinnipiae College, Hamden, Connecticut during July 29-August 2. The Seminar on Programming Techniques for Interactive Computer Graphics will be held at the National Engineering Laboratory, East Kilbride, Glasgow, Scotland during August 12-13. The 1968 Standards Laboratory Conference will be held at Boulder Laboratories of the National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado. The American Mathematical Society 73rd Summer Meeting will be held in Madison, Wisconsin during August 26-30. The European Meeting on Econometrics, Statistics and Management Science will be held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands during September 2-7.

The article provides an answer to a question concerning data management in business enterprises.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article “Predatory Scholarly Publishing” by Moshe Y. Vardi from the July 2012 issue, which discusses the practices of academic publishers related to scientific conferences

Presents the author's comments on whether software engineering milestones represent creativity-enhancing or creativity-stifling developments. Concern of the author as a practical programmer about creativity in software engineering; Support provided by high-order languages and other software tools; Attempts made by managers to deskill their programmers.

Presents the author's comments on the earliest creative milestone in software history. Development of business applications software and an application-specific computer called LEO in 1951; Excitement in the field of computing; Discussion on the history of computing; Reference of computers that were coded in machine language; Ideas in the field of computer software, Emergence of assembly language; Utility of tools called compilers.

This article focuses on aspect oriented programming (AOP) which is a new evolution in the line of technology for separation of concerns, and is a technology that allows design and code to be structured to reflect the way developers want to think about the system. According to the author, AOP builds on existing technologies and provides additional mechanisms that make it possible to affect the implementation of systems in a crosscutting way. In AOP, even a single aspect can contribute to the implementations of a number of procedures or modules of objects. The contribution can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous. The author further holds, that AOP must address both, what the programmer can say and how the computer system will realize the program in a working system. Thus, the goal of AOP systems is not only to provide a way of expressing crosscutting concerns in computational systems, but also to ensure that these mechanisms are conceptually straightforward and have efficient implementations.

Application development today is too labor-intensive. In recent years, very high-level languages have been increasingly explored as a solution to this problem. The Business Definition Language (BDL) is such a language, one aimed at business data processing problems. The concepts in BDL mimic those which have evolved through the years in businesses using manual methods. This results in three different sublanguages or components: one for defining the business forms, one for describing the business organization, and one for writing calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suggests that the philosophy of the LISP computer programming language is to cultivate a high degree of abstraction. Ability of the language to blur the arbitrary boundaries between the various computational mechanisms supported by computers, and by decoupling the vocabulary used to describe an abstraction from the mechanisms used to implement it; Strengths and weaknesses of the programming language; Suggested applications for which the language is best suited.

Examines the development of undergraduate curriculum for a Bachelor of Arts degree program in computer science. Encouragement of students to study in humanities and social sciences; Maintenance of high standards of academic quality in the curricula; Modification of existing number of courses.

Determines the requirements for a computer program repair maintenance. Factors that affect the occurrence of errors in computer programs; Relationship between the number of delivered errors and measures of the programs' size and complexity, frequency of use and age; Correlation between repair maintenance and the number of lines of source code in the program.

Indicates that program maintenance represents a major portion of the total expenditures on application programs. Guidelines to action; Large number of variables thought to be determinants of application program maintenance expenditure; Proposals on ways to reduce application program maintenance expenditures.

Presents an empirical study of operational commercial and clerical Cobol programs in Australian and United States organizations, to determine the factors affecting program repair maintenance. Concept of repair maintenance; Incorrect implementation of program specifications resulting in logic errors; Distinctions between repair maintenance and adaptive maintenance.

Subprogram packages are groups of related subroutines used to extend the available facilities in a programming system. The results of developing several such packages for various applications are presented, with a distinction made between external and internal design criteria—what properties packages should offer to their users and the guidelines designers should follow in order to provide them. An important issue, the design of reusable software, is thus addressed, and the concept of abstract data types proposed as a desirable solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a self-assessment procedure adopted by the "Association for Computing Machinery," (ACM) dealing with the programming language "Ada." This is the eighth ACM self-assessment procedure. This procedure is about Ada, a high-level programming language, designed by a team based in France and led by Jean Ichbiah in response to an initiative of the U.S. Department of Defense. It was named in honor of Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace, a colleague of Charles Babbage and the author of the first book on programming. Ada is a modern general-purpose language for the professional culture with unique features to aid the implementation of large real-time systems. Because Ada is a new language and therefore will not be familiar to many readers, this procedure has a novel structure, which is intended to teach as well as to test. Notwithstanding the novelty of the language, the Self-Assessment Committee's goal of providing an opportunity to learn something about a given subject remains the same. In this case, the Committee believes Ada to be of sufficient importance to warrant bringing it to your attention through a self-assessment procedure.

The concept that three process functions—initialization, production, and completion—and a separate supervisory control function are sufficient to describe the execution of a program is the basis for Triform Program design. Triform programs are composed of modules arranged in a trifurcate tree structure with each branch devoted to the performance of one and only one of the process functions. The root of the program tree is a control module which supervises process-function execution. Such trifurcate tree structures are shown to be minimum complexity structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduces a pilot operating system for personal computer. Features of the system; Assessment on the function of the corresponding facilities of a large multi-user system; Implementation of the system using Mesa programming language.

This paper discusses modularization as a mechanism for improving the flexibility and comprehensibility of a system while allowing the shortening of its development time. The effectiveness of a "modularization" is dependent upon the criteria used in dividing the system into modules. A system design problem is presented and both a conventional and unconventional decomposition are described. It is shown that the unconventional decompositions have distinct advantages for the goals outlined. The criteria used in arriving at the decompositions are discussed. The unconventional decomposition, if implemented with the conventional assumption that a module consists of one or more subroutines, will be less efficient in most cases. An alternative approach to implementation which does not have this effect is sketched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents news related to the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). As ACM involvement as a professional association expands within the burgeoning international computer field, the scope of the ACM Lectureship Series broadens to serve and be served by many new international colleagues. Thus, in addition to the usual list of outstanding speakers from North America, distinguished speakers who have established temporary residence abroad or who will be traveling outside the boundaries of their home continents will be provided with additional travel support so they can address ACM chapters. In order to implement this new program for 1968-69, the ACM Lectureship Committee solicits information about potential participants who have already arranged for foreign visits; either North Americans who will be overseas, or people outside ACM's traditional area who will he visiting the United States and/or Canada. Proceedings of the 1965, 1966, and 1967 Design Automation Workshops are available from ACM Headquarters. The recipient of the first annual ACM Orange County Chapter education scholarship is Deborah Ford of Sunnyville High School in Fullerton. Her composition on the theme, "The Future Use of Computers in High School Education," won the $100 award.

The article presents a letter from the Association for Computing Machinery discussing two broad classes of smart editors, namely program constructors and document preparers. Program constructors aim to significantly expedite the preparation of a correct program. By providing immediate syntactic and semantic checks of program components during input, these editors eliminate the typically tedious iteration between compiler and text editor. By monitoring syntax and automatically generating keywords and punctuation, they foreclose most typing errors. Program constructors are also called syntax-directed editors. The second major class of smart editors is used to prepare documents of text for printing, as in books or journals. These editors know about components of text, such as characters, words, lines, sentences, paragraphs, sections and chapters. They assist the user in printing the text according to specified printing conventions. Document preparers themselves fall into two broad classes, according as their output is processed by a display program separately or immediately.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article “Lost and Found” by Paul Hyman in the July 2012 issue, which discusses the floating-point arithmetic binary relay calculator designed by Konrad Zuse.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of doing volunteer work in the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), and working as editor of the "SICTIME" newsletter in 1968.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Network Front-End Processors, Yet Again," by Mike O'Dell in the June 2009 issue.

The section presents abstracts of articles on computer systems and mathematical software from other publications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). They include "A Recursive Algorithm for Binary Multiplication and Its Implementation," "A Discipline for Constructing Multiphase Communication Protocols," and "An Evaluation of Some New Cyclic Linear Multistep Formulas for Stiff Odes."

Presents several letters on the Ada controversy. Objections of Roy Nutt against Ada; Comparison between Ada and Cobol; Features of Ada.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including one about the proposal to change the name Association for Computing Machinery, another on the basic structure of structured programming in the June 1976 issue, and one about understanding.

This section presents a calendar of international events related to computer science from June 1968 to August 1972. The Computer Graphics International Symposium will be held at Brunel University in Uxbridge, England. The 31st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Information Science will be held at Sheraton-Columbus Hotel in Ohio. The Association for Computing Machinery National Conference will be held at the Sheraton-Boston in Massachusetts.

The article presents information on conferences and symposiums related to the field of information technology. The First International Conference on Pattern Recognition is scheduled to be held from May 15, 1968 to May 17, 1968 in Manitoba. The 9th annual symposium of the Society for Information Display is scheduled to be held from May 22, 1968 to May 24, 1968 in Los Angeles, California. The Computer Society of Canada 6th National Conference is scheduled to be held from June 3, 1968 to June 5, 1968 in Canada. The Canadian Linguistics Association and Computer Science Association Joint Annual Meeting is scheduled to be held on June 12, 1968 in Canada. The Annual Symposium on Reliability is scheduled to be held from January 21, 1969 to January 23, 1969 in Washington.

The article presents a directory of several conferences and meetings related to information technology which took place between March to September 1968, in United States. A few of them are: Joint Spring Conference of the Univac Users Association and the Univac Scientific Exchange held between 12-15 March, in Philadelphia; Conference on Computers and Their Potential Application in Museums, held between 15-17 April in New York City; Third Annual Interdisciplinary Symposium on Uses of the Computer for Basic Research in the Humanities and Behavioral Sciences, held on 2nd May in Hoboken, New Jersey.

This article presents information on various products related to the computer industry launched in the U.S. Sperry Rand Corp.'s Univac Division has announced the establishment of a new series of integrated computers that will span the small, medium and large-scale data processing market. The first members of the new 9000 computer series, recently unveiled, are the UNIVAC 9200 and UNIVAC 9300. A small, low-cost real-time computer for scientific, engineering and process control applications, Sigma 2, was announced on August 2, 1966 by Scientific Data Systems (SDS). Featuring multiprogramming and multiprocessing capabilities, Sigma 2 is the second real-time computer in the new SDS family of Sigma machines. A new, low-cost offline printer system, designed to relieve general purpose computers of routine printing operations, has been introduced by Potter Instrument Co. A new software package for the PDS 1020 digital computer has been developed by Pacific Data Systems Inc. of Santa Ana, California.