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Purpose: To retrospectively compare the refractive outcomes between two groups of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), one with a single incision and the second one with dual-incisions. Setting: Ebsar Eye Center, Benha, Qalyopia, Egypt. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Methods: This study was made up of two groups (162 eyes each): all eyes in group 1 had one SMILE cut at 120°, and all eyes in group 2 had double SMILE incisions, the first incision at 120° and the second one at 270°. Refractive outcomes between the two groups were compared at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results: The mean preoperative refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was − 5.75 ± 2.59 D and − 6.38 ± 2.18 D in group 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.73), and a cylinder of 1.25 ± 0.83 D and 0.75 ± 0.81 D, respectively (P = 0.85). At 12 months postoperatively, in group 1, 162 eyes (100%) achieved a UCVA of 20/25, 154 eyes (95.06%) achieved a UCVA of 20/20, and 110 eyes (67.90%) achieved 20/16. In group 2, 162 eyes (100%) achieved a UCVA of 20/25, 156 eyes (96.29%) achieved a UCVA of 20/20, and 113 eyes (69.75%) achieved 20/16. The mean MRSE at 12 months postoperatively was − 0.25 ± 0.33 D in group 1 and − 0.5 ± 0.33 D in group 2 (P = 0.62). Conclusion: Dual-incision SMILE is safe and effective as single-incision SMILE, with a predictable and stable effect in correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the stability, safety, predictability, and efficacy of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with dual-incisions in myopic patients. Setting: Ebsar Eye center, Benha, Qalyopia, Egypt. Design: Single-center, retrospective, COHORT study. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective non-comparative analysis of the records of 105 eyes of 53 patients treated by the SMILE with a dual-incisions technique for a mean spherical myopic error of − 5.05 ± 1.93 D (range: − 1.38 to − 9.0 D) with or without astigmatism and the mean astigmatism of − 0.90 ± 0.83 D. The mean LogMAR corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was − 0.04 ± 0.07. Results: One month after surgery, the mean refractive error was − 0.03 ± 0.56 D (range: 0.88 to − 1.50 D), and the mean postoperative astigmatism was 0.20 ± 0.31 D. The mean LogMAR UDVA was 0.07 ± 0.18 in the last follow-up visit, 12 months after surgery. At the end of the follow-up period, approximately 91.43% of patients had unchanged CDVA or gained one or more lines, 8.57% lost one line of CDVA, and 0.0% lost 2 lines. Conclusion: SMILE with dual-incisions is effective and safe, with a stable and predictable outcome for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Corneal refractive surgery is widely used worldwide. Myopia is the most common reason for laser-assisted corneal refractive surgery (LASIK) and one of the risk factors for glaucoma. Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement becomes variable postoperatively as the results are affected by the decrease in corneal thickness and biomechanics. This prospective clinical case study attempted to establish a simple correction formula for the calculation of IOP in post-LASIK myopic patients. Methods: This study included 300 eyes of 150 patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism as a refractive error who underwent LASIK. IOP was measured preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative corneal thickness as well as ablation depth were measured. Statistical analysis was performed to detect the relationship between ablation depth and change in IOP. An attempt was made to construct a correction formula for the calculation of post-LASIK IOP. Results: The age of the patients ranged between 18 and 50 (mean ± SD 34.78± 8.8) years. The spherical equivalent of refractive error ranged between − 1.5 and − 10 diopters. The mean IOP decreased significantly from 15.72± 2.37 mmHg preoperatively to 11.71± 2.24 mmHg postoperatively, with a mean difference of  4± 1.75 mmHg (p˂0.001). A positive correlation was detected between corneal thickness and IOP difference among patients both preoperatively and postoperatively (p˂0.001). A positive correlation was identified between ablation depth and IOP change (p˂0.001). The correction formula for IOP was established: Real IOP=4+0.7(preoperative IOP)− 0.3(ablation depth). Conclusion: IOP measurements change after corneal refractive surgery with LASIK. A corrected formula may be a good option for the proper calculation of post-LASIK IOP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this review is to summarize preclinical and clinical data from publications appearing in the peer-reviewed scientific literature relevant to the safety and effectiveness of the EVO Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) posterior chamber phakic refractive lens with a central port (V4c Visian ICL with KS Aquaport, STAAR Surgical, Inc.). A literature search was conducted using PubMed.gov to identify all articles relating to the EVO ICL. Articles were examined for their relevance, and the references cited in each article were also searched for additional relevant publications. On the basis of a total of 67 preclinical studies and clinical reports, including effectiveness data on 1,905 eyes with average weighted follow-up of 12.5 months and safety data on 4,196 eyes with weighted average follow up of 14.0 months, the EVO ICL is safe and effective for the correction of a broad range of refractive errors. High levels of postoperative uncorrected visual acuity, refractive predictability, and stability demonstrate the effectiveness of the EVO ICL. Safety data suggest reduced rates of anterior subcapsular cataract and pupillary block compared with earlier models. Improved safety and proven effectiveness make EVO an attractive option for surgeons and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]