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Objective: Mood disorders such as anxiety, depression, stresses, and low sleep quality are common among overweight/obese women. The relation of vitamin D and its blood carrier, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), to mental health is still unknown. This study aimed to examine the relation of serum 25(OH)D and VDBP to mental health measures including depression, anxiety, stress and sleep quality of overweight/obese women., Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 265 overweight/obese women in Tehran, Iran, from 2016 to 2017. The 21-question version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate mental health and sleep quality of participants, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D was assessed using the radioimmunoassay method and VDBP was evaluated with the use of ELISA. Associations were tested by logistic regression analysis., Results: In the crud analysis, higher serum 25(OH)D was marginally related to decreased odds of stress, but, women with higher VDBP levels had a marginal increased risk for depression. After adjustment for age, educational level, physical activity, body mass index and dietary energy intake, higher serum 25(OH)D was significantly related to a 42% decreased odds of stress (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.28-0.99, p = 0.04), while, women with higher VDBP levels had an increased risk for depression (OR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.002-3.42, p = 0.04). Serum vitamin D and VDBP were not significantly related to other indices of mental health., Conclusion: Higher serum vitamin D was related to decreased odds of stress but higher VDBP was related to increased odds of depression., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Some observational studies investigated the association between dietary energy density (DED) and risk of cancers with inconstant results. In addition, there is no study on such association among patients with prostate cancer (PC). The present study was performed to evaluate the association between dietary energy density (DED) and PC risk., Methods: In this case-control study, one hundred and twenty-five participants were enrolled (62 cases and 63 controls). Dietary intakes were assessed using 160-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. In addition, demographic characteristics were collected using a general questionnaire and anthropometric indices were measured based on the available guidelines. The association between DED and PC risk was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression., Results: The results showed that higher DED score was associated with increased risk of PC (OR = 2.59; 95% CI= (1.24-5.40)). Interestingly, after adjusting for potential confounders ((smoking, physical activity, energy intake, education, ethnicity, job, anti-hyperlipidemic drugs, antihypertensive drugs, and aspirin) the results remained significant (OR = 2.87; 95% CI= (1.17-7.05))., Conclusion: Our findings suggest that DED may increase the risk of PC. However, more prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2021 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)