1. Dietary micronutrient adequacies and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a population of older adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.
- Author
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Massimino E, Izzo A, Castaldo C, Amoroso AP, Rivellese AA, Capaldo B, and Della Pepa G
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Calcium, Magnesium, Vitamins, Riboflavin, Vitamin B 6, Vitamin E, Diet, Mediterranean, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Selenium, Niacin
- Abstract
Background and Aims: There are few data on micronutrient intake in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a dietary pattern rich in micronutrients. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the prevalence of adequacy in micronutrient intake according to the recommendations, and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in older adults with T2D., Methods: One hundred thirty-eight patients (47 women and 91 men) with T2D aged over 65 years were included. Dietary habits were assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls. The micronutrient intake, expressed as mean daily intake, and adequacy were compared with the dietary recommendations proposed by the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (LARN) and the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated by the MEDI-quest score., Results: An extremely low proportion of participants (∼1%) adhered to the recommendations for potassium and vitamin D intake. A low proportion of participants adhered to the recommendations for calcium (∼23%), magnesium (∼16%), selenium (∼17%), vitamin E (∼14%), riboflavin (∼28%), vitamin B
6 (∼29%), folate (∼25%), and niacin (∼27%) intake. More than 60% of the population adhered to the recommendations for iron, copper, vitamin A and B12 intake. Only 53% of the population showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet., Conclusions: Our data indicate that a very low proportion of older adults with T2D meet the recommendations for ten micronutrients (calcium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin E, riboflavin, vitamin B6 , folate, and niacin) with an unsatisfactory adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Nutritional approaches aimed at favoring adherence to dietary recommendations and increasing the consumption of foods rich in micronutrients should be implemented in older adults., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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