1. The efficacy of Zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia, blood pressure, and inflammation as cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review.
- Author
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Daniels CC, Isaacs Z, Finelli R, and Leisegang K
- Subjects
- Blood Pressure, C-Reactive Protein, Cholesterol, Humans, Inflammation drug therapy, Interleukin-1, Lipids, Lipoproteins, HDL, Triglycerides, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Cardiovascular Diseases prevention & control, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dyslipidemias drug therapy, Zingiber officinale
- Abstract
Background & Aims: Hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and chronic inflammation contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Zingiber officinale has been suggested to reduce these CVD risk factors; however, the clinical evidence remains unclear. This systematic review aims to analyse the effect of Z. officinale as a sole intervention on these risk factors., Methods: In this PRISMA-based systematic review, we included randomised clinical trials from PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (July 2020) analysing triglycerides, low- and high-density lipoprotein (LDL, HDL), total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1, 6, 10, systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure as outcomes. Quality of studies was evaluated by JADAD and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools., Results: A total of 24 studies were included, mostly (79.2%) showing low risk of bias. These were based on obesity and cardio-metabolic derangements (33.3%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (37.5%), and miscellaneous conditions (29.2%). While total cholesterol and triglycerides levels mostly improved after Z. officinale, results were inconsistent for other blood lipids markers. Inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α) were more consistently reduced by Z. officinale, while only 3 studies reported a non-significant reduction of blood pressure., Conclusions: Although there remains a paucity of studies, Z. officinale may be beneficial for improving dyslipidaemia and inflammation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Chelsea Courtney Daniels - declares no conflict of interest which might have interfered with the scientific validity of the present paper. Zaiyaan Isaacs - declares no conflict of interest which might have interfered with the scientific validity of the present paper. Renata Finelli - declares no conflict of interest which might have interfered with the scientific validity of the present paper. Kristian Leisegang - declares no conflict of interest which might have interfered with the scientific validity of the present paper., (Copyright © 2022 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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