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Background: Spinal imaging is essential to identify and localize cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) patients when targeted treatment is necessary. Purpose: Provide an in-depth presentation of the conventional dynamic myelography (CDM) technique for localizing spinal CSF leaks in SIH patients. Material and Methods: Consecutive SIH patients with a CSF leak confirmed on CDM and postmyelography computed tomography (CT) investigated at our institution between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Intraoperative reports were reviewed to confirm the accuracy of CDM. Results: In total, 62 patients (mean age 45 years) were included; 48 with a ventral dural tear, 12 with a meningeal diverticulum, and in 2 patients positive for spinal longitudinal extradural CSF collection the site remained unclear. The leak was identified during the first and the second CDM in 43 and 17 patients, respectively. The use of CDM correctly identified the site of the CSF leak in all but one patient undergoing surgical closure (45/46, 98%). The mean fluoroscopy time was 7.8 min (range 1.8–14.4 min) with a radiation dose for a single examination of 310 mGy (range 28–1237 mGy). Conclusion: The CDM procedure has a high accuracy for spinal CSF leak localization including dural tears and spinal nerve diverticula. It is the technique with the highest temporal resolution, is robust to breathing artifacts, allows great flexibility regarding patient positioning, compares favorably to other dynamic examinations with respect to the radiation dose and does not require general anesthesia. For CSF venous fistulas, however, other dynamic examinations, such as digital subtraction myelography, seem more appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Mechanical thrombectomy is an effective recanalization technique in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusions; however, it is unclear to what extent stent retriever thrombectomy may be applicable to occlusions of smaller peripheral cerebral vessels. The outcome of patients with isolated M2 occlusions treated with the Mindframe Capture low profile (LP) stent retriever was reviewed. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data on all consecutive patients treated for isolated M2 occlusions between June 2013 and December 2017 using the Mindframe Capture LP was performed. Technical aspects of the recanalization procedure, recanalization rate, complication rate, and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: Mechanical thrombectomy with the Mindframe Capture LP was performed in 38 patients (median age 79 years) with an isolated M2 occlusion. The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission was 7.5 (interquartile range, IQR 5–12) and successful reperfusion modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI 2b or 3) was achieved in 28 patients (74%). A compensated/adjusted modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–2 at 3 months was observed in 65% when taking pre-stroke disability into account. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) occurred in 1 patient (2.6%). Asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (aICH) was noted in 8 patients (21%) and a small subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the immediate vicinity of the target vessel was apparent in 8 patients (21%). Conclusion: The Mindframe Capture LP is a technically effective thrombectomy device for the treatment of isolated M2 occlusions. The lower profile of the device is advantageous when targeting peripheral intracranial occlusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The interest in measuring brain perfusion with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI has significantly increased in the last 3 years. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic value for survival of intravoxel incoherent motion perfusion fraction in patients with gliomas, and compare it to dynamic susceptibility contrast relative cerebral blood volume and apparent diffusion coefficient., Methods: Images were acquired in 27 patients with brain gliomas (16 high grades, 11 low grades), before any relevant treatment. Region of maximal perfusion fraction, maximal relative cerebral blood volume, and minimal apparent diffusion coefficient were obtained. The accuracy of all three methods for 2‑year survival prognosis was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and Kaplan-Meier survival curves., Results: Death or survival for at least 2 years after imaging could be documented in 22/27 patients. The cutoff values of 0.112 for the perfusion fraction, of 3.01 for the relative cerebral blood volume, and 1033 × 10 -6  mm 2 /s for apparent diffusion coefficient led to an identical sensitivity of 0.889, and a specificity of 0.833, 0.517, and 0.750, respectively for 2 year survival prognosis. The corresponding areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.84, 076, and 0.86, respectively. All three methods had a significant log rank test considering overall survival (p = 0.001, p = 0.028, and p = 0.002)., Conclusion: In this relatively small cohort, maximal IVIM perfusion fraction, similarly to maximal relative cerebral blood volume and minimal apparent diffusion coefficient, was prognostic for survival in patients with gliomas. Maximal IVIM perfusion fraction and minimal apparent diffusion coefficient performed similarly in predicting survival, and both slightly outperformed maximal relative cerebral blood volume.