1. Use of ring-enhancement and focal necrosis to differentiate pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma on CT and MRI
- Author
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Koenraad J. Mortele, Khoschy Schawkat, Alexander Brook, Jonathan N. Glickman, Adrian Jaramillo-Cardoso, S. Nicolas Paez, Corinne Decicco, Maria A Manning, Tori Singer, Leo L. Tsai, and James Moser
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,Adenosquamous carcinoma ,Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ,Necrosis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Focal necrosis ,Histopathology ,Female ,business ,Pancreas ,Nuclear medicine ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Kappa ,Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - Abstract
Purpose To assess the ability of the ring-enhancing sign and focal necrosis to diagnose adenosquamous carcinoma (ASqC), a variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), on MRI and CT. Methods The following features of ASqC and conventional PDAC were evaluated on CT and MRI: tumor size, location, margins, borders (non-exophytic, exophytic), and T1 signal intensity. Two readers, blinded to histopathology results, rated their confidence in detecting ring-enhancement and focal necrosis (FN) on a 5-point Likert scale on both MRI and CT. Inter-reader agreement was assessed with Cohen's kappa (k). Results A total of 24 patients were included: eight patients with treatment naive and histologically proven ASqC (six women, mean age: 63, range: 40–75) and 16 patients with PDAC (eight women, mean age: 67, range: 47–83). Statistically significant differences between ASqC and PDAC were seen in tumor size, location, presence of FN, and ring enhancement (p = 0.01–0.037). The readers were more confident in depicting the key differentiating feature ring-enhancement in ASqC on MRI compared to CT (confidence 1.71 ± 0.49 vs. 0.88 ± 0.35, p = 0.017) with moderate inter-reader agreement (k = 0.46 and 0.5, respectively). FN showed substantial inter-reader agreement on MR and moderate agreement on CT (k = 0.67 and 0.5, respectively). Conclusions Compared to CT, MRI depicts ring-enhancement in ASqC with greater reader confidence and FN in ASqC with higher inter-reader agreement. The concurrent presence of these two imaging features should raise high suspicion for ASqC.
- Published
- 2020