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Key Clinical Message: This case details adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) onset post‐human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and acute gastroenteritis. The timing of HPV vaccine and vaccine‐autoimmune disease literature may potentially confound the well‐established link between infections and AOSD onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: We report an extremely rare occurrence of adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) in a patient with ulcerative colitis. The possibility of autoinflammatory conditions such as AOSD should be considered when evaluating or treating symptoms suspected as side effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination, regardless of the associated comorbidities. Summary: A woman in her 50s with a history of stable ulcerative colitis (UC) for 20 years, managed using salazosulfapyridine, presented with migratory rashes, spiking fever, edema, and joint pain that started 1 week after receiving the BNT162B2 mRNA vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Laboratory tests revealed extremely high serum ferritin levels. The patient was diagnosed with adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) based on the relevant classification criteria after ruling out other diseases. Detection of high levels of interleukin‐18, an inflammatory cytokine related to AOSD, supported the diagnosis. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug monotherapy alone resulted in significant improvements in both the abovementioned symptoms and the elevated inflammatory marker levels. AOSD in a patient with UC is extremely rare. Only one case of AOSD with UC was reported before the coronavirus disease 2019 era. This case indicates that SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination can trigger a hyperinflammatory response, classified as AOSD, in a patient with UC, which is extremely rare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: The present case indicates that cryoglobulinemia vasculitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of purpura in patients with adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD). The presence of purpura is suggested in adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) hematological complications of hemophagocytic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or thrombotic microangiopathy. We herein report a case of AOSD complicated by cryoglobulinemia vasculitis presenting with purpura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hematologic disease that occurs due to immune system dysfunction. Clinical manifestations of this disease are fever, increased ferritin level, cytopenia, and hemophagocytosis in the biopsy report of the bone marrow. We report a 36‐year‐old woman referred to our hospital with persistent fever, arthralgia in interphalangeal joints, and cutaneous rash on the trunk, was subsequently diagnosed as an adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD), and after bone marrow aspiration, HLH was diagnosed with her. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is challenging to diagnose due to clinical similarities with other conditions, such as Still's disease. Once diagnosed, iMCD may be effectively managed with the anti‐interleukin‐6 antibody siltuximab. Here, we present the case of a 19‐year‐old Polish woman with persistent fever and enlarged lymph nodes and whose diagnosis remained inconclusive following initial clinical assessments and extensive laboratory analyses. The patient had subsequent complaints of joint pain and erythema which were suspicious of Still's disease and resolved with treatment with tocilizumab. Later, the progression of symptoms, such as lymphadenopathy, and elevated interleukin‐6 levels were consistent with Castleman disease, leading to the diagnosis of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease seven years after the patient first reported symptoms. Treatment with the anti‐interleukin‐6 antibody siltuximab resulted in complete symptom resolution and normalization of inflammatory parameters. No adverse events were reported due to treatment with siltuximab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Young patients with persistent rash and fevers despite antibiotic treatment should be evaluated for non‐infectious etiologies. In our patient's case, these findings led to a diagnosis of MAS, which ultimately affected how she was managed. Adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare, often difficult to diagnose autoimmune disease that typically presents as a rash, unresolving fevers and joint pains capable of mimicking a number of autoimmune diseases. Here, we present the case of a young postpartum woman whose clinical presentation, which included a pruritic maculopapular rash that evolved to include a flagellate component, and serological studies, chief among them cytopenias and a Ferritin >15,000 nm/mL) allowed us to make an early diagnosis of AOSD complicated by macrophage activation syndrome. We discuss the treatment for AOSD complicated by MAS with Hydrocortisone and Anakinra, the final discharge regimen prescribed for our patient, and report on her state 3 months post‐hospitalization, which was favorable. Our case is unique because we ultimately believe that pregnancy itself triggered her ASOD, because of how the quality of the flagellate component of her rash allowed us to narrow the differential diagnosis, and because of how the significant cytopenias and significant liver dysfunction alerted us to the possibility of MAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Adult‐onset Still's disease is a rare inflammatory condition with diverse clinical features. Yamaguchi criteria aid diagnosis, and pleural effusion and elevated ferritin levels are important markers. Steroids are the first‐line treatment. Adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory condition with an unknown etiology. It is characterized by, spiking fever, arthritis, evanescent rash, sore throat, serositis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. It is a diagnosis of exclusion and has infections, systemic autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic diseases, malignancy, and adverse drug reactions as its differential diagnosis. Because of these characteristics, diagnosis is frequently delayed, posing a significant challenge for physicians. While several classification criteria can be used to diagnose Still's disease, they have limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity. The Yamaguchi criteria are considered the most sensitive and commonly used, requiring the presence of at least five characteristics, with at least two being major diagnostic criteria. Steroid therapy is the first‐line treatment for AOSD patients. In this case report, we present a 56‐year‐old female patient who developed pleurisy a few months after a car accident, subsequently diagnosed with adult‐onset Still's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: The characteristics of liver dysfunction due to adult‐onset Still's disease are not specific. Differentiating from autoimmune hepatitis is important in deciding whether to continue corticosteroid therapy, and also in terms of management of cirrhosis and surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver biopsy is thought to be the most important determinant for differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a potentially life‐threatening hemorrhagic disorder with many etiologies. We report the first case in the literature describing the association of AHA with adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory disorder. AOSD and SARS‐Cov‐2 infection share clinical and laboratory features, including systemic inflammation. A 19‐year‐old woman had prolonged fever for 3 weeks, joint pain, and biological inflammatory syndrome. Post COVID‐19 AOSD was diagnosed. SARS‐Cov‐2 infection induces many inflammatory diseases including AOSD. COVID‐19 infection is a systemic disease mimicking auto‐inflammatory diseases and a differential diagnosis. SARS‐Cov‐2 infection induces many inflammatory diseases including adult‐onset Still's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory disorder. AOSD and SARS‐Cov‐2 infection share clinical and laboratory features, including systemic inflammation. A 19‐year‐old woman had prolonged fever for 3 weeks, joint pain, and biological inflammatory syndrome. Post COVID‐19 AOSD was diagnosed. SARS‐Cov‐2 infection induces many inflammatory diseases including AOSD.

Adult onset still's disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease displaying with a wide range of non‐specific symptoms and budd‐chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon disorder characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. We present the case of a young patient who presented with persistent fever, sore throat, elbow, hand fingers and knees arthralgia with abdominal pain. The patient's symptoms had started 7 days before the referral. Imaging and laboratory data led to the diagnosis of BCS in the context of AOSD. The patient treated with corticosteroid in combination of warfarin with favorable outcome and complete improvement of signs and symptoms. We came to this conclusion AOSD complicated with BCS is a rare but potentially life‐threatening entity. Clinicians should be aware of this complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA, also called Still's disease) is a rare childhood auto‐inflammatory disease with significant morbidity. This case report illustrates the clinical course and highlights diagnostic challenges. FDG‐PET/CT imaging may be beneficial in the diagnostic process for some cases, in order to achieve rapid diagnosis and early treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association of Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) is very uncommon. Hereby, we present a case of TTP occurring in patient with a known AOSD and the successful outcome after plasma exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 23‐year‐old woman followed for adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD) presented fever and chest pain. Clinical examination showed erythematous papules suggestive of flagellate dermatitis. Laboratory findings showed increased Cardiac troponin. Myocarditis due to AOSD was therefore suspected. The patient was treated with prednisone and methotrexate with significant clinical improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adult‐onset Still's disease may cause intestinal pseudo‐obstruction via a cytokine storm. Early diagnosis and treatment are the key for patient survival before the development of serious complications such as macrophage activation syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: We present a 55‐year‐old woman with periodic fever and symptoms similar to adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD). She had a heterogeneous mutation of the MEFV gene and colchicine was effective. Atypical familial Mediterranean fever (pyrin‐associated autoinflammatory disease) should be considered in patients with periodic fever accompanied by symptoms similar to AOSD. We present a 55‐year‐old woman with periodic fever and symptoms similar to adult‐onset Still's disease (AOSD). She had a heterogeneous mutation of the MEFV gene and colchicine was effective. Atypical familial Mediterranean fever (pyrin‐associated autoinflammatory disease) should be considered in patients with periodic fever accompanied by symptoms similar to AOSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]