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Objective: Considering the role of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in female fertility and its high levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the longer reproductive span of these women is in doubt. In the present study, we aimed to improve earlier predictions using a non-linear model to substantiate the question as to whether PCOS women reach menopause later.Methods: In total, 1162 women aged 20-50 years, comprising 378 PCOS cases and 784 eumenorrheic non-hirsute women, met the eligibility criteria. A scatterplot matrix was drawn to detect the association between age and AMH; this association was explored using a fractional polynomial regression model. Model assumptions were checked by examining the distribution of the residuals and plotting the standardized residuals against the functional form of AMH.Results: The serum concentration of AMH among PCOS participants was significantly higher than in the controls (5.4 ng/ml (IQR 2.8-9.1 ng/ml) vs. 1.4 ng/ml (IQR 0.6-2.7 ng/ml), p < 0.001). The estimated mean age at menopause was 51.4 (95% CI 45-59) years and 49.7 (95% CI 45-55) years in PCOS cases and healthy controls, respectively.Conclusions: These findings provide the insight that, as reflected through significantly higher average levels of AMH in PCOS women, their predicted reproductive lifespan could be 2 years longer than their normo-ovulatory counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study aimed to compare metabolic syndrome and its components in naturally and surgically menopausal women. Methods This is a longitudinal study, with incident case and control groups, conducted on 446 women participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, who experienced surgical or natural menopause over a 10-year period. In both groups, data collection was conducted using questionnaires including information on demographic, reproductive and metabolic characteristics at baseline and again after 3 years. Physical examinations and the biochemical profiles were also assessed. Results During the follow-up, metabolic syndrome was observed in 28.7% and 32.5% of the naturally menopause and surgically menopausal women, respectively. Mean fasting blood sugar and 2-h plasma glucose were significantly higher in the surgically menopause group, compared to the naturally menopause one, whereas mean systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in naturally menopausal women as compared to surgically menopause ones, after further adjustment for premenopausal status. Conclusions Although no difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in naturally menopausal women and in surgically menopausal women was found, the components of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent among those with surgical menopause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To explore the cardiovascular risk attributable to menopausal status in a 9-year follow-up, population-based study. Method All middle-aged women who met our eligibility criteria were selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study cohort. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, physical examination and biochemical assessments at 3-year intervals. The World Health Organization classification was used to define menopausal status. Cardiovascular events that occurred in the cohort were investigated by a panel of medical specialists. Results Based on menopausal status, there were no significant differences in cardiovascular disease after adjustment for age, body mass index and other confounders; however, significant relationships between serum concentrations of low density cholesterol and total cholesterol and menopausal status were observed. Conclusions Menopause, independent of other cardiovascular disease risk factors, incurred cardiometabolic risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]