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The Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) have emerged as noteworthy players in the Indian stock market and their growing contribution adds as an important feature of the development of stock markets in India. FII is allowed to enter into our country only through stock exchanges either in the form of equity or debt. It makes an impact on the rise or fall of SENSEX, since FII is allowed to be purchased or sold daily. This paper attempts to study the impact of market openings to FIIs, on Indian stock market behavior. India announced its policy on 8th March 2001 for FII investments in equity and related instruments. Using stock market data related to Bombay Stock Exchange, for both before and after the FIIs policy announcement day. An empirical examination has been conducted to assess the impact of the market opening on the return and volatility of stock return. This Research paper is mainly divided into two parts. Firstly researcher has examined impact on stock prices & average return before and after event day. And secondly it's been examined change in volatility in the Indian stock market by comparing variances of return for the event period under study. We have tried to cover one year time period before and after the event day to understand the exact validity and reliability of the result. Moreover the sample size of our study is 500 days daily market return. However validity of results and empirical tests has been taken place by applying Wilcoxon-Mann -Whitney test, also called as the rank sum test. Finally results indicate that there are no significant changes in the Indian stock market average returns and volatility of stock prices returns after changes in percentage of investment from 24% to 49%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's dynamic environment billions of people are connected to the Internet. During the last twenty years, the technology revolution has had an intense and irreversible impact on the world and Indian stock market has also witnessed these changes. The internet has made financial products and services available to more customers and eliminated geographical barriers. Earlier investors were solely dependent on their brokers but nowadays they are participating more in buying and selling of shares with the help of internet. E-trading has saved time, energy and money as it helps to access the market from anywhere at any time. The primary objective of this research paper is to Gain Knowledge regarding the emergence and growth of the online Trading in India, people perspective about the same & to make the comparative study of some stock brokers also [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world had noticed that pandemic and the coexisting economy is very practically identical to the distinguish among wellbeing and abundance at large. India had witnessed the lockdown since 25 March 2020 due to which stock market was badly affected because of Covid-19. This paper has analysed the movement of Indian stock market with large, mid and small cap stocks during Covid-19 pandemic. This study has come across time series analysis using multiple regression analysis and E-garch using data from Jan 30, 2020 to Nov 27, 2020.This study uses the data of Covid-19 related daily confirmed cases, death cases and closing prices of nifty 50 for large cap, midcap 150 for mid cap stocks and small cap 250 for small cap, used lockdown dummy variable and 20 lakh crore also used as other dummy variable for better analysis of the study. The results of the research suggested that Covid-19 confirmed cases are manipulating index performance of the stock. We can witness that the increasing pace of the confirmed cases, the economy caused significant damage, reflected by the Indian economy being decreased due to which the stock exchange experienced fall in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indian Securities Market, especially the Secondary Market is witnessing Fundamental Institutional Changes. Electronic Financial Services have modernized the Stock Exchanges, leading to drastic reduction in transaction costs and significant improvements in Efficiency, transparency and safety when trading leading to increased Trading Volumes and Market Capitalization. The Changes in Regulatory and Governance Framework have also brought about an improvement in Investor Confidence. With the total Market Capitalization of the Secondary Market reaching more than 69,430,493 Crores as on March 2012, the Secondary Market is set to see Phenomenal Changes in the Future. It is in the light of these events, this paper aims to (i) To Study the Trends in Secondary Market with regards Sensex and Nifty (ii) To analyse the Growth of Online Trading in Capital Market (CM) segment of NSE with a view to assess its impact on the trading volume and turnover, (iii) to examine the overall growth and performance of secondary market in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IPO has always been an important instrument of the primary markets enabling companies to pursue their objectives without facing the hiccups of financial constraints. It strengthens their capital base by providing access to interest free capital. The investors in turn reap the benefits in the form of dividends and capital gains. With the changing phase, the appetite of investors for IPO also increased. In 1976, Dhirubhai Ambani had gifted a broker of Madras Stock Exchange with a Vimal pant piece and Vimal saree to his wife for subscribing to the IPO of RIL and recommending the shares to his clients. Three decades later the IPO of RPower created history in Indian IPO by being 73 times oversubscribed. This type of situation arises due to the technology and investor friendly regulation for the IPO process frame by the authority. So in this paper we try to focus on the Initial public offering process made by the Indian capital market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between capital structure and financial performance of the companies. For this purpose, the study used definition of capital structure in scope of book value to market value and measures were assumed for financial performance. In this paper, I applied the data of 200 companies listed on National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India in a 5 year time horizon (2008-2012). Results of my study demonstrated that capital structure influences financial performance. The significance of the influence of capital structure on performance is respectively belonged to measures of adjusted value, market value and book value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing stock scams being unearthed in India and with crores of lost money, the investors who are the catalytic agents of economic development unfortunately bear the wrath innumerable times. The new National Spot Exchange Limited (NSEL) scam that involves more than 15000 retail HNI Investors with an investment of Rs. 5600 crore seems to be moving on the same track alike the Harshad Mehta scam and Ketan Parekh scam. After 33 weeks of closure of scam hit spot exchange, only Rs 330 crore has been paid to the investors as on April 6, 2014. In the paper, the authors have made an attempt to study and put forth the happenings of the National Spot Exchange Limited scam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an attempt to analyze the important determinants of capital structure in Indian manufacturing industries in India in last decade. Over the past several years, financial economists and researchers have worked to bring more of scientific and predictive understanding in Corporate finance, this has been done by preparing formal theories that can be tested by empirical studies of corporate and stock market behavior. But this brings us to the most important issue to developing a well defined and exhaustive theory of capital structure which also find its applicability in actual market scenario and designing empirical tests that are powerful enough to provide a basis for choosing among the various theories. Several competing theories have reserchers have given there perspective in the form of theories, since Modigliani and Miller's famous propositions on the capital structure, to test the ground realities of capital market imperfections such as taxes, bankruptcy costs, agency costs, and information asymmetries. Therefore, the determinants of the capital structure of companies have been debated for long in corporate finance. To bring more clarity on it, this research attempts to test the important determinants of the capital structure of companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of financial management is the maximisation of shareholders' wealth. To achieve this objective, management, the custodians of shareholders' interests, are faced with three important categories of decision making namely, investment, financing and dividend decisions. The behavior and attitude of investors toward dividend-paying stocks is one of the most important issues of behavioral finance and as well as for the Indian Stock Market. A lot of researches has been conducted by well-known researchers and provided the theories and empirical evidences regarding the determinants of investor attitudes toward dividends. The objective of the study is to find evidence of dividend clienteles in the Indian Stock Market by finding the correlations among dividend preferences and the different demographic and other characteristics of investors. This is achieved by using a sample of 229 investors who provided data related to their dividend preferences. It was found that investors in India prefer to receive dividends. If the company cannot pay cash dividends, they prefer to receive stock dividends compared to not receiving dividends at all. Furthermore, it was found that investors partly want dividends because of transaction costs. Transaction costs were also found to be the reason why investors prefer stock dividends over cash dividends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valuation of common stock is a very complex process. There are several factors that contribute to the variations of stock returns and it is one of the most researched areas by financial researchers. The study was conducted to establish the reliability of the dividend discount model which is based on the discounted cash flow techniques on the valuation of bank stocks at BSE. Hence, this study attempted to focus on the accuracy of Dividend discount valuation model which contains dividend as value relevant variable. The study has selected 14 banks' scrip which are included in BSE Bankex that are listed in Bombay Stock Exchange. Taking reliable data from the Prowess, a CMIE data base, It is found that dividends are not related to Bank stock prices. It is also found that the dividend discount model cannot be relied on by investors in the valuation of majority of the bank stocks at the BSE due to the higher prediction errors. The results are attributed to among other factors like inappropriate discounting factors, information differentials and measurement and evaluation problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stock market is the common platform for buying and selling of shares. The shares of companies are sold to investors through equity crowd platforms either by stockbrokers or by an individual through online trading platforms. The market is down beyond its point due to the severe impact of COVID19. Corona virus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-COV 2 virus that causes respiratory illness with symptoms such as a cough, fever, and in more severe cases results in death. The investors are in anxiety, assuming that the India is going to face big crisis, due to the sudden fall in market. The pandemic issue results in sold out; the market has reacted to unpredictability as trading stopped 4 times (Minami & Travis, 2020). Therefore, it is necessary, to understand the market condition and the sectoral indices across India. This study attempts to evaluate the impacts of stock market due to pandemic issue worldwide by using trend analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initial public offering is also known as stock market launch, because shares of any company are to be sold in the market for the first time. The Indian IPO market had under gone several changes during last two decades. The price performance of the IPOs is a buzzword in the area of capital market. In this study the analysis of 258 IPO companies that acquires capital for the first time from the market, are carried out from 2007 to 2014. The performance of IPOs is divided in two categories i.e. Initial performance of IPO and long term after market performance of IPOs for different intervals of time i.e. 1 year, 2 year and 3 year after listing day. The finding indicates that the Indian IPOs, which are underpriced on the listing days, are declining in subsequent long-term period after listing day and underperformed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project "The Study on price behavior of Gold and Silver at MCX (With Special Reference to Good Will Commodities)" is helpful to Know the Price Movement of Gold and Silver and also know the price Fluctuation factors of Gold and silver. The study helps to the existing investor for the trading in commodities market and this can be extended for the new investors. It helps the person who wants to know about the technical analysis in commodities market. The article should be movable of value, something which is bought or sold and which is produced or used as the subject or barter or sale. In short, commodity includes all kinds of goods. In this study, the companies are selected based on the Commodities founded in 2008, is India's best commodity House and the Largest Distribution Network, providing a wide range of financial services and investment solutions. The purpose of this study the price details of two commodities from Multi Commodity Exchange MCX were taken and their price movement are computed and studied. The commodities which are selected from commodity market are Gold and Silver. Gold is the oldest precious metal known to man and for thousands of years it has been valued as a global currency, a commodity, an investment and simply an object of beauty. Silver (Chemical symbol-Ag) is a brilliant grey-white metal that is soft and malleable. Silver's unique properties include its strength, malleability, ductility, electrical and thermal conductivity, sensitivity, high reflectance of light, and reactivity. The daily prices of above mentioned commodities were taken for a period of Six months from 1st October 2016 to 30th March 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A January effect, the subject of the study, is an external factor which explains the price abnormality. By the end of year, most investors sell stocks which show low performance. With the New Year, investors repurchase these stocks to their portfolio at a cheap price. This demand on stocks in the first month of the year increases the prices of stocks. There are several studies which shall confirm this assumption in the literature. The common feature of these studies is that incomes in January return more than December and the relevance is significant statistically. Three important reasons are argued which can explain this phenomenon. The first reason is that in January, investors want to repurchase their stocks at a cheap price which they sold in December in order to decrease tax losses. Therefore, investors sell their stocks in December in order to avoid tax. The second reason is that portfolio managers want to sell their stocks with low performance in order to ameliorate their portfolio. The portfolio manager wants to increase the portfolio performance by carrying out this transaction. The third reason is that portfolio managers aim at stock certificates of more small-sized companies by selling certain stocks and that they want to make profit over the value which they use as a criterion. On the other hand, there are also studies with different approaches about the availability of January effect in literature. In the study, whether January Effect is available has been analyzed by being examined using observations of 15 years, from 1998 to 2013, of the two major indices reported by National Stock Exchange (NSE), i.e. Standard & Poor's (S & P) Nifty and CNX Nifty Junior. The January effect is examined by using Friedman's sum rank test, Mann-Whitney U-test and dummy variable regression analysis, which are tests for seasonality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate Social Responsibility is an old concept. In 1956, it was not compulsory for all companies to contribute to CSR activities. Mean by CSR, "To give back to the society taken from society" or to invest for the welfare of society because the present circumstances in the "Give and Take the Law" is being considered, though in the Companies Act 2013 It is compulsory to contribute to CSR activities on all the companies. It is said that the trend of Indian corporations focuses on certain subjects in their CSR. Spending shows that awareness of the importance of returning is increasing Indian IT industry holds the key to joining in the case of CSR activities, the actual expenditure of the CSR area is not in proportion to revenue and profit, but it can be done in many areas of its use. Health, health, drinking water, etc. are being done in many areas. CSR is lower than many companies in the IT industry. New companies are required to pay 2% profit after tax (PAT) according to the bill. However, soon these IT companies evolved into bigger brands listed on the stock market and their visibility dramatically increased due to their profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crude oil is one of the most important commodities. Any fluctuation in crude oil prices can have both direct and indirect influence on the economy. Crude oil has so many uses in different markets and industries. So changes in the global price of oil inevitably have an effect on the microeconomics of particular sectors of the economy. The study deals with impact of crude oil price on Nifty Energy Index. It examines whether the crude oil prices have a positive or negative impact on Nifty Energy Index. Co-efficient of correlation, regression has been used for the study. This study analyzed the relationship between crude oil price and Nifty Energy Index. The period 2.5 years from 1st Jan 2014 to 30th June 2016 was taken for analysis. The study found that there is a significant positive relationship between crude oil price and Nifty Energy Index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investing activities that adheres to Islamic restrictions of not investing in socially harmful businesses is known as Islamic investments. Islam also puts a check on human behavior and manners that are harmful for society such as gambling, short-selling, cheating etc. It should be noted that there is nothing 'Islamic' about Shari'ah compliant indexes, as most of the underlying companies are not from the Muslim countries. These compliant companies just happen to pass primary business screens (akin to social-ethical indexes) and financial screens (eliminates companies with high debt, high account receivable translating sales into earnings, and too much non-operating interest income). Today Shari'ah compliant indexes are operating in seventy four countries around the world including India, of these only thirteen countries are Islamic countries. In most of the cases in comparison to conventional indexes they outperform. In India the BSE in late 2010, launched the BSE Shari'ah Index and subsequently NSE too, has its Shari'ah Index, the S&P CNX Nifty Shari'ah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate debt can be defined as a debt security issued by a corporation and sold to investors. The backing for the debt is usually the payment ability of the company, which is typically money to be earned from future operations. Corporate debt securities are considered more risky than the government securities. As a result, interest rates are almost always higher, even for top-flight credit quality companies. The aim of this study is to see how Indian Corporate Debt Market is regulated. Well-developed corporate debt market is crucial for a developing country like India to augment the fund requirement for firms and facilitate the much needed infrastructure financing. I have also reviewed the regulatory changes taken by the Securities Exchange Board of India. Over a period of time SEBI has taken many steps to promote the growth of Indian Debt Market. I have presented all the regulatory steps taken by SEBI on yearly basis, this will help the reader to understand how Indian Corporate Debt Market has witnessed growth over a period of time and how the Regulatory body, SEBI has taken steps to stimulate this growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple option pricing model is suggested based on correlation of underlying stock with actual market behavior as reflected by market index, thereby market factor coefficient to enable the traders to quote the prices. The simplicity and ease of the proposed model may appeal to the traders, operators and other market participants. Daily option Prices at different strike prices for the underlying stocks are calculated by applying daily Market Factor coefficient, exercise price, strike price and time to maturity. Model is tested with call option prices of select underlying stocks which constitute Nifty index of the National Stock Exchange of India. Option prices produced by the proposed model are close to the actual price for varied range of strike prices. The Model works perfectly to call in-the-money, at-the-money, and near out-of-money. Pricing difference is tested through tools such as Mean Error, percentage mean error, Root Mean Square, Thiel's U statistic. Regression analysis is also explored with traded prices on Call option prices obtained by the model. The simplicity and workability of the proposed model are its main advantages over the existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]