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The phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Rhingiini and the genusCheilosia(Diptera, Syrphidae) were investigated using morphological and molecular characters. The genusCheilosiais one of the most diverse lineages of hoverflies (Syrphidae). The mitochondrial protein coding gene cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI), and the D2-3 region of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene were chosen for sequencing, and morphological characters were scored for both adults and immature stages. The combined dataset included 56 ingroup taxa. The datasets were analyzed separately and in conjunction, using both static and dynamic alignment under the parsimony criterion. The aim of the study was to assess the phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Rhingiini, and to explore if the subgenera ofCheilosiawere supported as monophyletic clades. Results showed that the monophyly of subtribes of Rhingiini remained ambiguous, especially due to unstable phylogenetic placements of the generaPorteviniaandRhingia. We recovered most subgenera ofCheilosiaas monophyletic clades. Dynamic alignment, using the optimization alignment program POY, always recovered more parsimonious topologies under all parameter weighting schemes, than did parsimony analyses using static alignment and analyzed with NONA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]