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ResumenAntecedentesLa hemorragia subcapsular o perirrenal espontánea (síndrome de Wunderlich) puede condicionar inestabilidad hemodinámica con riesgo para la vida. Es una enfermedad rara que implica un reto diagnóstico; por lo que debe sospecharse su diagnóstico para actuar a tiempo.ObjetivoPresentar la experiencia adquirida del servicio de Urología de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad del Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.Material y métodosEstudio retrospectivo con muestreo consecutivo no aleatorizado. Se revisaron los ingresos en el servicio de Urgencias de enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2013 para identificar los casos con diagnóstico de hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea no traumática. De los expedientes se recabaron los siguientes datos: edad, sexo, signos vitales, resultados de laboratorio, métodos de diagnóstico por imagen, enfermedades asociadas, tratamiento y pronóstico.ResultadosUn total de 11 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Todos los pacientes fueron recibidos en el servicio de Urgencias, y referidos de hospitales de segundo nivel. El diagnóstico se realizó en el 100% de los pacientes con tomografía computada abdominal. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico urgente el día de la admisión debido a la inestabilidad hemodinámica; a 10 se les realizó nefrectomía; los hallazgos histopatológicos incluyeron angiomiolipomas, carcinoma renal y lesión metastásica de hepatocarcinoma, entre otras.ConclusionesLa hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea es una entidad patológica letal si no se detecta a tiempo. La tomografía computada es el método diagnóstico más preciso para su detección. El tratamiento quirúrgico es indispensable en pacientes con inestabilidad hemodinámica.AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous sub-capsular or peri-renal haemorrhage (Wunderlich syndrome) is a rare condition that involves a diagnostic challenge. In many cases, bleeding leads to haemodynamic instability that may be life threatening. Therefore, it is important to have a high clinical suspicion for timely action.ObjectiveThis paper highlights the experience of the Urology Department of the Western National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security.MethodsRetrospective study of consecutive non-randomized sampling. The Emergency Service Registry was reviewed for all admissions from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013 to identify patients with non-traumatic spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Patient charts were reviewed to determine sex, age, vital signs, laboratory and imaging results, associated diseases, management, and outcomes.ResultsA total of 11 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. All patients were received in the Emergency Department referred from secondary care hospitals. None of them were referred with a diagnosis of spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. The diagnosis was made in 100% of patients with abdominal CT scan. All patients received urgent surgical management on the day of admission due to haemodynamic instability. Ten patients underwent nephrectomy. Histopathological findings included, among others, angiomyolipoma, renal carcinoma, and metastatic hepatocellular injury.ConclusionsSpontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage is a lethal condition if not detected on time. The abdominal CT scan is the most accurate diagnostic method for detection. Surgical management is necessary in patients with haemodynamic instability.

Background Spontaneous sub-capsular or peri-renal haemorrhage (Wunderlich syndrome) is a rare condition that involves a diagnostic challenge. In many cases, bleeding leads to haemodynamic instability that may be life threatening. Therefore, it is important to have a high clinical suspicion for timely action. Objective This paper highlights the experience of the Urology Department of the Centro Medico Nacional de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Material and methods Retrospective study of consecutive non-randomized sampling. The Emergency Service Registry was reviewed for all admissions from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2013 to identify patients with non-traumatic spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Patient charts were reviewed to determine sex, age, vital signs, laboratory and imaging results, associated diseases, management, and outcomes. Results A total of 11 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. All patients were received in the Emergency Department referred from secondary care hospitals. None of them were referred with a diagnosis of spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. The diagnosis was made in 100% of patients with abdominal CT scan. All patients received urgent surgical management on the day of admission due to haemodynamic instability. Ten patients underwent nephrectomy. Histopathological findings included, among others, angiomyolipoma, renal carcinoma, and metastatic hepatocellular injury. Conclusions Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage is a lethal condition if not detected on time. The abdominal CT scan is the most accurate diagnostic method for detection. Surgical management is necessary in patients with haemodynamic instability.