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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Unilateral biportal endoscopic technique has been widely used in lumbar interbody fusion in recent years, but there is little comparison between its clinical efficacy and that of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, whether the unilateral biportal endoscopic technique is a safe and effective lumbar fusion remains to be further demonstrated. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (UBE-LIF) and MIS-TLIF in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases and explore a more efficient lumbar fusion procedure. METHODS: Patients with single-level lumbar degenerative disease were enrolled in Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College from October 2020 to February 2022, including 35 patients who underwent UBE-LIF and 286 patients who underwent MIS-TLIF. Propensity score matching was used to eliminate confounders. Four covariates including sex, age, disease type and surgical segment were matched 1:1 (caliper value 0.01). After matching, 29 patients from each group were included in the study. The perioperative operative time, hemoglobin loss and hospital stay were compared between the two groups. Visual analog scale score and Oswestry disability index were used to evaluate the functional recovery of the two groups before, 1, 6 months and 1 year after operation. The excellent and good rate of the two groups was evaluated by the modified MacNab standard at the last follow-up. The fusion of the two groups was evaluated by Lenke Dynamic X-ray film. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operative time in the MIS-TLIF group was shorter than that in the UBE-LIF group (P < 0.05). The amount of intraoperative hemoglobin loss in the MIS-TLIF group was higher than that in the UBE-LIF group. The hospital stay in the MIS-TLIF group was longer than that in the UBE-LIF group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) The visual analog scale scores for lumbago and leg pain, and Oswestry disability index were significantly reduced in both groups 1, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery compared to before surgery (P < 0.05). Except for the visual analog scale score for lumbago at 1 month after surgery, there was no significant difference in the visual analog scale score for lumbago and leg pain, and Oswestry disability index between the two groups at the above time points (P > 0.05). (3) At the last follow-up, the modified MacNab standard efficacy evaluation showed that the excellent and good rates were 93% (27/29) in the UBE-LIF group and 90% (26/29) in the MIS-TLIF group; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) Lenke dynamic radiographic evaluation system evaluation for lumbar fusion exhibited that the fusion rate was 90% (grade A, 21 cases; grade B, 5 cases; grade C, 3 cases) in the UBE-LIF group; the fusion rate was 86% (grade A, 20 cases; grade B, 5 cases; grade C, 4 cases) in the MIS-TLIF group; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) It is indicated that UBE-LIF and MIS-TLIF have similar clinical effects in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disease with the advantages of less trauma, less bleeding and shorter hospital stay. In addition, the early postoperative lumbago was relatively mild and the learning curve was relatively smooth. Although the operative time in the UBE-LIF group was longer than that in the MISTLIF group, it was still a safe and effective operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: P75 neurotrophin receptor (P75NTR) has a bidirectional role in promoting and inhibiting bone formation in bone tissue. Overexpression of P75NTR can inhibit the osteogenic mineralization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. P75NTR can inhibit the degradation of fibrin and the formation of new blood vessels around the fracture, leading to fracture nonunion. Its inhibition of bone tissue repair is related to its mediating apoptosis channels. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of silencing P75NTR on the growth activity and alkaline phosphatase activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to study the ectopic osteogenesis ability implanted in demineralized bone matrix to construct tissue engineering bone complex. METHODS: Lentivirus-mediated silencing P75NTR was transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The expression of fluorescent protein and P75NTR protein was detected by fluorescence inverted phase contrast microscope and western blot assay. Two or three days after transfection, CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell activity. After osteogenic induction solution induced differentiation culture for 7 and 14 days, alkaline phosphatase activity was detected by enzyme labeling method. Lentivirus-mediated silencing P75NTR transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with compound demineralized bone matrix. Optical inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to observe the adhesion of demineralized bone matrix and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. After further osteogenic differentiation for 7 days, tissue engineered bone complex was subcutaneously implanted in the rat back for 4 weeks. The osteogenesis was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and alkaline phosphatase staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Lentiviral-mediated silencing P75NTR transfection rate was approximately 70%. The expression of P75NTR target protein was significantly lower than that of untransfected group and negative virus control group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with untransfected group and negative virus control group, the cell activity of silencing P75NTR transfected group increased significantly at 5 and 6 days (P < 0.05). Compared with the untransfected group and the negative virus control group, the alkaline phosphatase activity of silencing P75NTR transfected group increased significantly at 7 and 14 days after osteogenic induction (P < 0.05). (3) Silencing P75NTR transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and demineralized bone matrix formed a good adhesion; the tissue engineered bone complex significantly enhanced the ability of ectopic bone formation. (4) The results showed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with silencing P75NTR mediated by lentivirus could be implanted in decalcified bone matrix to form a good tissue engineered bone complex, which has a certain heterotopic osteogenesis effect and provides important theoretical basis for bone tissue engineering in the treatment of bone defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Autologous blood concentrates are widely applied in clinical practice. They are easy to prepare, and can promote the regeneration of soft and hard tissues. Their application prospects can be broad in periodontal treatment, oral implant therapy and many other fields. OBJECTIVE: To review the development, biological characteristics and clinical application of autohemoconcentrate. METHODS: The first author searched the related literature published on PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases from 2004 to 2019. The key words were “autologous blood concentration, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin” in English, and “blood concentration, platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin” in Chinese. The titles and abstracts were selected, and the full text was consulted. Finally, 59 articles were retained for careful reading and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Containing huge amount of platelets and leukocytes, autologous blood concentrate could produce a highly positive effect on the regeneration of soft and hard tissues and the reduction of postoperative inflammatory response. When it is in use alone or in combination with other bone transplantation materials, the effect of bone augmentation is positive. However, the degradation rate is high. How to control its absorption rate requires further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Demineralized bone matrix contains many kinds of active factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 2, which can promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to transform into chondrocytes and promote their proliferation under specific joint microenvironment.OBJECTIVE: To explore the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro induced by demineralized bone matrix and its research value as cell carrier scaffold in the treatment of bone defect. METHODS: Rat femur bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and adhered with whole bone marrow. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at passage 3 were selected and cultured with complete medium and 50 mg/L demineralized bone matrix inducer. The proliferation and viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were determined by CCK-8 assay. Alkaline phosphatase activities were quantitatively measured by enzyme labeling at 7 and 14 days after culture. Calcium nodule formation was observed by alizarin red staining 21 days after culture. The expression of osteogenesis-related factors was detected by qRT-PCR 21 days after culture. Demineralized bone matrix and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured for 21 days. The adhesion of them was observed by ordinary optical inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The number of cells on days 5 and 6 in the demineralized bone matrix group was higher than that in the complete medium group (P < 0.05). (2) Alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly higher in the demineralized bone matrix group than in the complete medium group at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05). (3) Calcium nodules were more in the demineralized bone matrix group than in the complete medium group. (4) The expression of RUNX2, ALP, OCN and OPN was significantly higher in the demineralized bone matrix group than in the complete medium group (P < 0.05). (5) The adherence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was good on the demineralized bone matrix; cells were distributed in the space between scaffolds and crawled with each other. (6) The results showed that demineralized bone matrix could induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, and the adhesion was good, which provided theoretical reference for the research of tissue engineering composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: P75 Neurotrophin receptor (P75NTR) is one of the receptors for nerve growth factor (NGF). P75NTR plays a dual role in promoting proliferation or apoptosis in various cell tissues, and is highly expressed at fracture nonunion sites. However, excessive NGF can shut down P75NTR receptor, thereby saving damaged cells. Therefore, the study regarding co-transfection of silenced P75NTR and NGF overexpression is of great significance for the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and provides new ideas for clinical treatment of fracture nonunion. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of lentivirus-mediated silencing of P75NTR combined with NGF overexpression on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in Sprague-Dawely rats. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured to the third generation in vitro and were divided into blank control group, negative control group, silent p75NTR group, NGF overexpression group, and silent p75NTR combined with NGF overexpression group. Lentivirus-mediated silencing of P75NTR and overexpression of NGF were transfected into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to induce P75NTR silencing and NGF overexpression. Inverted fluorescence microscopy was used to observe changes in cell morphology on day 3 after transfection. Flow cytometry was used to detect transfection efficiency and western blot method was applied to detect the expression of P75NTR and NGF. Finally, the cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT method and cell counting kit-8 method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cell growth and distribution were good after co-transfection of lentivirus. The transfection efficiency of the double-gene lentiviral vector exceeded 70%. Compared with the blank control and negative control groups, the expression of P75NTR protein was significantly down-regulated, and the expression of NGF was profoundly up-regulated in the silent p75NTR combined with NGF overexpression group. Compared with the blank control and negative control groups, cell proliferation was significantly increased in the other three groups (P < 0.05), and the fastest proliferation was observed in the silent p75NTR combined with NGF overexpression group. To conclude, silencing P75NTR combined with NGF overexpression co-transfection can promote the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague-Dawley rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Autologous bone with good biocompatibility possesses the characteristics of bone conduction osteoinduction and osteogenesis. However, the healing process after autologous bone grafting is still controversial. The focus of controversy is whether the bone graft is completely absorbed and replaced or whether it can retain cell viability for a long time. OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological changes in bone remodeling and regeneration after cortical bone grafting. METHODS: Six healthy beagle dogs were selected as the research animals. The maxillary premolars of experimental dogs were extracted and the bone plates with width of 10 mm, length of 15 mm and thickness of 2 mm were removed from the buccal side. A bone defect model was established. The corresponding size of cortical bone block was cut on the buccal side of the bilateral mandibular body. Cortical bone grafts were fixed in the maxillary defect area. On one side pure cortical bone block was used as grafting material; on the other side the implant was placed simultaneously with the bone graft. Samples were harvested at 3 and 6 months after bone grafting. The cell survival and bone graft resorption of autologous cortical bone graft were analyzed by gross observation and histological observation. The study protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Dalian Medical University, China. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The size of the grafted bone was gradually reduced, and the margin was blunt and firmly bonded to the base bone. All implants lost after 6 months. A newly formed connection between the graft and the base bone was shown by hard tissue ground sections. The porosity of bone lacuna in the grafted bone block at 6 months was significantly lower than that at 3 months (P < 0.05). The grafted bone resorption rate at 6 months was significantly higher than that at 3 months (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that osseointegration exists between grafted cortical bone block and the base bone of the recipient area. Osteocytes in the graft bone partially remain alive. With the prolongation of healing period, the proportion of new bone cells increases, and the volume of the grafted bone gradually decreases. Osseointegration of the concurrent implant is disturbed due to the absorption of cortical bone graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The aging and lesions of the intervertebral disc are closely related to the lack of nutritional blood supply to the disc. Aquaporin plays an important role in the nutritional supply to the intervertebral discs, but the specific mechanism has not been fully defined. OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of Yaobishu on degenerated intervertebral disc in rabbits based on the changes of aquaporin (AQP) 1 and AQP3 protein expression. METHODS: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into model group, low-dose Yaobishu group and high-dose Yaobishu group. Animal models of lumbar intervertebral disc prolapse were prepared through an injection of normal saline into L4/5 and L5/6 segments. The model group was intragastrically given normal saline 5 mL/kg per day, the low-dose group was intragastrically given Yaobishu 5 mL/kg per day, and the high-dose group was intragastrically given Yaobishu 10 mL/kg per day, twice a day, for 21 days. After 6 weeks of treatment, the intervertebral discs were taken for anatomical and histological observation using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Expression of AQP1 and AQP3 in the nucleus pulposus at protein and mRNA levels was quantified by RT-PCR and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In all the three groups, the annulus fibrosus was destroyed, abnormal cartilage tissue appeared, and the nucleus pulposus was reduced in number. Severest degeneration of the intervertebral disc was found in the model group, followed by the low-dose Yaobishu and high-dose Yaobishu groups in turn. The expression of AQP1 and AQP3 mRNA and protein in the high-dose Yaobishu group and low-dose Yaobishu group increased significantly after 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05), while the expression in the model group showed no significant difference before and after treatment (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the expression of AQP1 and AQP3 mRNA and protein among the three groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, Yaobishu may alleviate the degeneration of the rabbit intervertebral disc by increasing the expression of AQP1 and AQP3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)