28 results on '"*PARENTAL influences"'
Search Results
2. Mothers' Depressive Symptoms and Children's Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors: Examining Reciprocal Trait‐State Effects from Age 2 to 15.
- Author
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Yan, Ni, Liu, Yuan, Ansari, Arya, Li, Keman, and Li, Xile
- Subjects
- *
DEPRESSION in women , *PSYCHOLOGY of mothers , *EXTERNALIZING behavior , *SYMPTOMS , *BEHAVIOR disorders in children , *PERSONALITY , *PARENTAL influences - Abstract
Using a large sample from the National Institute of Child Health and Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,178, 51% were male and 80% were White), the random intercept cross‐lagged panel model was employed to unpack the trait and state aspects in the relations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's behavioral problems from age 2 to 15. The transactional predictions among mothers' depressive symptoms and children's behavioral problems were largely attributed to their correlations at the underlying trait level (rs =.458–.528). At the state level, the mutual influences among mothers' depressive symptoms and children's behavior problems occurred more often during periods of transition. With that said, the child effects hypothesis was not supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Pubertal Timing and Adolescent Alcohol Use: The Mediating Role of Parental and Peer Influences.
- Author
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Bucci, Rebecca, Staff, Jeremy, Maggs, Jennifer L., and Dorn, Lorah D.
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UNDERAGE drinking , *PUBERTY , *PARENTAL influences , *PEER pressure in children , *SOCIAL influence - Abstract
Using intergenerational, prospective data at ages 9 months, 7, 11, and 14 years from the nationally representative United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study, this interdisciplinary study unpacks why 14‐year‐old adolescents with early perceived pubertal timing (PT) were more likely to drink alcohol (ever, frequent, and binge drinking) compared to those whose PT was on‐time or late (5,757 girls, 5,799 boys; 80% White, 10% Asian, 3% Black, and 7% Other British). Parents allowed drinking among 22% (18%) of early PT girls (boys) compared to 11% of late PT adolescents; formal mediation models showed differences by PT in parent permissiveness and gains in alcohol‐using friends primarily explained age 14 PT‐drinking associations. Parental alcohol permissiveness should be a key prevention target for early PT adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Parents Influence the Visual Learning Environment Through Children's Manual Actions.
- Author
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McQuillan, Maureen E., Smith, Linda B., Yu, Chen, and Bates, John E.
- Subjects
- *
VISUAL learning , *PARENT-child relationships , *PARENT participation in education , *COGNITIVE ability , *PARENTAL influences - Abstract
The present research studied children in the second year of life (N = 29, Mage = 21.14 months, SD = 2.64 months) using experimental manipulations within and between subjects to show that responsive parental influence helps children have more frequent sustained object holds with fewer switches between objects compared to when parents are either not involved or over-involved. Regardless of parental involvement, sustained holds were visually rich, based on the size, centeredness, and dominance of the held object relative to other objects. These findings are important because they suggest not only that the child's body creates visually rich scenes across play contexts but also that a responsive parent can increase the frequency of these visually rich and informative moments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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- View/download PDF
5. For Better or for Worse? Positive and Negative Parental Influences on Young Children's Executive Function.
- Author
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Hughes, Claire and Devine, Rory T.
- Subjects
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PARENTAL influences , *EXECUTIVE function , *PARENT-child relationships & psychology , *VERBAL ability in children , *HOME environment , *LANGUAGE ability , *CHILD psychology research , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Despite rapidly growing research on parental influences on children's executive function (EF), the uniqueness and specificity of parental predictors and links between adult EF and parenting remain unexamined. This 13-month longitudinal study of 117 parent-child dyads (60 boys; Mage at Time 1 = 3.94 years, SD = 0.53) included detailed observational coding of parent-child interactions and assessed adult and child EF and child verbal ability (VA). Supporting a differentiated view of parental influence, negative parent-child interactions and parental scaffolding showed unique and specific associations with child EF, whereas the home learning environment and parental language measures showed global associations with children's EF and VA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Feel American, Watch American, Eat American? Remote Acculturation, TV, and Nutrition Among Adolescent-Mother Dyads in Jamaica.
- Author
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Ferguson, Gail M., Muzaffar, Henna, Iturbide, Maria I., Chu, Hui, and Meeks Gardner, Julie
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ACCULTURATION , *GLOBALIZATION & society , *ADOLESCENT nutrition , *AMERICAN identity , *BINGE watching (Television) , *PARENTAL influences , *ADOLESCENT psychology , *MOTHER-child relationship , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *COMPARATIVE studies , *EMOTIONS , *FOOD , *FOOD habits , *GROUP identity , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *MOTHERHOOD , *PSYCHOLOGY of mothers , *PARENTING , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH , *TELEVISION , *EVALUATION research , *IMPACT of Event Scale - Abstract
Globalization prompts remote acculturation toward U.S. culture in Jamaica; this study used a bioecological systems approach to examine its proximal impact on nutrition through U.S. cable TV consumption, and maternal influences in the home. Overall, 330 randomly selected adolescent-mother dyads from schools in Kingston, Jamaica (Madolescent_age = 13.8 years, SDadolescent_age = 1.8) completed questionnaires reporting American identity and behavioral preferences, daily time spent watching U.S.-produced TV programs, and frequency of eating unhealthy foods. Actor-partner interdependence models revealed that girls' American identity/behavior directly predicted their unhealthy eating, whereas girls' mothers and boys' American identity/behavior indirectly predicted unhealthy eating as mediated by their U.S. TV hours. Additionally, mothers' American identity/behavior predicted daughters' unhealthy eating as mediated by mothers' U.S. TV hours. Remote acculturation theory may facilitate more targeted research and prevention/intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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7. Introduction to the Special Section on Epigenetics.
- Author
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Lester, Barry M., Conradt, Elisabeth, and Marsit, Carmen
- Subjects
- *
EPIGENETICS , *HUMAN behavior , *BEHAVIORAL assessment of children , *HUMAN genetics , *PARENTAL influences , *GENES , *MEDICAL research , *RESEARCH funding , *EPIGENOMICS - Abstract
Epigenetics provides the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of the role of genetics and the environment in explaining human behavior, although the use of epigenetics to study human behavior is just beginning. In this introduction, the authors present the basics of epigenetics in a way that is designed to make this exciting field accessible to a wide readership. The authors describe the history of human behavioral epigenetic research in the context of other disciplines and graphically illustrate the burgeoning of research in the application of epigenetic methods and principles to the study of human behavior. The role of epigenetics in normal embryonic development and the influence of biological and environmental factors altering behavior through epigenetic mechanisms and developmental programming are discussed. Some basic approaches to the study of epigenetics are reviewed. The authors conclude with a discussion of challenges and opportunities, including intervention, as the field of human behavioral epigenetics continue to grow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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8. Genetic and Environmental Parent-Child Transmission of Value Orientations: An Extended Twin Family Study.
- Author
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Kandler, Christian, Gottschling, Juliana, and Spinath, Frank M.
- Subjects
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PARENTAL influences , *VALUE orientations , *SOCIALIZATION , *PARENT-child relationships , *SOCIAL interaction , *FAMILIES & psychology , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *PARENTS , *RESEARCH , *SOCIAL values , *PHENOTYPES , *EVALUATION research - Abstract
Despite cross-cultural universality of core human values, individuals differ substantially in value priorities, whereas family members show similar priorities to some degree. The latter has often been attributed to intrafamilial socialization. The analysis of self-ratings on eight core values from 399 twin pairs (ages 7-11) and their biological parents (388 mothers, 249 fathers; ages 26-65) allowed the disentanglement of environmental from genetic transmission accounting for family resemblance in value orientations. Results indicated that parent-child similarity is primarily due to shared genetic makeup. The primary source of variance in value priorities represented environmental influences that are not shared by family members. These findings do not provide evidence for parental influences beyond genetic influences contributing to intrafamilial similarity in value priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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9. Effortful Control Moderates Bidirectional Effects Between Children's Externalizing Behavior and Their Mothers' Depressive Symptoms.
- Author
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Choe, Daniel E., Olson, Sheryl L., and Sameroff, Arnold J.
- Subjects
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CHILD psychology research , *CHILD development research , *MOTHER-child relationship , *PARENTAL influences , *CONTROL (Psychology) , *EXTERNALIZING behavior , *CHILDREN of parents with intellectual disabilities , *DEPRESSION in women - Abstract
This study examined bidirectional associations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's externalizing behavior and whether they were moderated by preschool-age effortful control and gender. Mothers and teachers reported on 224 primarily White, middle-class children at ages 3, 5, and 10. Effortful control was assessed via behavioral battery and mother ratings. Structural equation modeling indicated that maternal depressive symptoms at child age 3 predicted more externalizing behavior at age 10 among children with low effortful control and among boys. Externalizing behavior at age 3 predicted fewer depressive symptoms at the age 10 assessments among mothers of children with high effortful control. Boys with suboptimal self-regulation exposed to high levels of maternal depressive symptoms were at greatest risk for school-age behavioral problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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10. Family Context, Mexican-Origin Adolescent Mothers' Parenting Knowledge, and Children's Subsequent Developmental Outcomes.
- Author
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Jahromi, Laudan B., Guimond, Amy B., Umaña‐Taylor, Adriana J., Updegraff, Kimberly A., and Toomey, Russell B.
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CHILD development research , *PARENTING research , *CHILD rearing , *PARENT-child relationships , *PARENTAL influences , *INFLUENCE , *TEENAGE mothers , *TODDLERS development , *MOTHER-child relationship - Abstract
This study examined parenting knowledge among Mexican-origin adolescent mothers ( N = 191; Mage = 16.26 years), family contextual factors associated with adolescents' parenting knowledge, and toddlers' ( Mage = 2.01 years) subsequent developmental outcomes. Data came from home interviews and direct child assessments. Adolescents both underestimated and overestimated children's developmental timing, and showed differences in their knowledge of specific developmental domains. Instrumental support from mother figures was positively linked to adolescents' knowledge accuracy, whereas emotional support was negatively related to adolescents' knowledge confidence. Furthermore, whereas mother figures' autonomy granting was positively linked to knowledge confidence, psychological control was associated with less accurate adolescent parenting knowledge. Toddlers of adolescents with more accurate knowledge showed positive developmental functioning. Intervention implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Does Parental Involvement Matter for Student Achievement and Mental Health in High School?
- Author
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Wang, Ming‐Te and Sheikh‐Khalil, Salam
- Subjects
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ACADEMIC achievement testing , *CHILD development research , *PARENT participation in education , *PARENT participation in secondary education , *SCHOOL involvement , *ACADEMIC motivation , *PARENTAL influences , *INFLUENCE , *PARENT-child relationships - Abstract
Parental involvement in education remains important for facilitating positive youth development. This study conceptualized parental involvement as a multidimensional construct-including school-based involvement, home-based involvement, and academic socialization-and examined the effects of different types of parental involvement in 10th grade on student achievement and depression in 11th grade (approximately ages 15-17 years). In addition, this study tested whether parental involvement influenced adolescent outcomes by increasing their academic engagement in school. A total of 1,056 adolescents participated in the study (51% males; 53% European American, 40% African American, and 7% other). Parental involvement was found to improve academic and emotional functioning among adolescents. In addition, parental involvement predicted adolescent academic success and mental health both directly and indirectly through behavioral and emotional engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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12. Does Maternal Employment Following Childbirth Support or Inhibit Low-Income Children's Long-Term Development?
- Author
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Coley, Rebekah Levine and Lombardi, Caitlin McPherran
- Subjects
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EMPLOYMENT of mothers , *CHILD development research , *MOTHER-child relationship , *COGNITION in children , *POOR children , *PARENTAL influences , *PSYCHOLOGY , *EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
This study assessed whether previous findings linking early maternal employment to lower cognitive and behavioral skills among middle-class and White children generalized to other groups. Using a representative sample of urban, low-income, predominantly African American and Hispanic families ( n = 444), ordinary least squares regression and propensity score matching models assessed links between maternal employment in the 2 years after childbearing and children's functioning at age 7. Children whose mothers were employed early, particularly in their first 8 months, showed enhanced socioemotional functioning compared to peers whose mothers remained nonemployed. Protective associations emerged for both part-time and full-time employment, and were driven by African American children, with neutral effects for Hispanics. Informal home-based child care also heightened positive links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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13. The Impact of Background Television on Parent–Child Interaction.
- Author
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Kirkorian, Heather L., Pempek, Tiffany A., Murphy, Lauren A., Schmidt, Marie E., and Anderson, Daniel R.
- Subjects
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TELEVISION & children , *PARENT-child relationships , *PARENTAL influences , *CHILD psychology , *COGNITIVE development , *DEVELOPMENTAL psychology - Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that background television affects interactions between parents and very young children. Fifty-one 12-, 24-, and 36-month-old children, each accompanied by 1 parent, were observed for 1 hr of free play in a laboratory space resembling a family room. For half of the hour, an adult-directed television program played in the background on a monaural television set. During the other half hour, the television was not on. Both the quantity and quality of parent-child interaction decreased in the presence of background television. These findings suggest one way in which early, chronic exposure to television may have a negative impact on development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Maternal Socialization of Positive Affect: The Impact of Invalidation on Adolescent Emotion Regulation and Depressive Symptomatology.
- Author
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Yap, Marie B. H., Allen, Nicholas B., and Ladouceur, Cecile D.
- Subjects
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MENTAL depression , *MOTHER-child relationship , *ADOLESCENT psychology , *DEPRESSED persons , *PARENTAL influences , *SOCIALIZATION - Abstract
This study examined the relations among maternal socialization of positive affect (PA), adolescent emotion regulation (ER), and adolescent depressive symptoms. Two hundred early adolescents, 11-13 years old, provided self-reports of ER strategies and depressive symptomatology; their mothers provided self-reports of socialization responses to adolescent PA. One hundred and sixty-three mother-adolescent dyads participated in 2 interaction tasks. Adolescents whose mothers responded in an invalidating or “dampening” manner toward their PA displayed more emotionally dysregulated behaviors and reported using maladaptive ER strategies more frequently. Adolescents whose mothers dampened their PA more frequently during mother-adolescent interactions, and girls whose mothers reported invalidating their PA, reported more depressive symptoms. Adolescent use of maladaptive ER strategies mediated the association between maternal invalidation of PA and early adolescents’ concurrent depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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15. Individual Differences in Adolescents’ Beliefs About the Legitimacy of Parental Authority and Their Own Obligation to Obey: A Longitudinal Investigation.
- Author
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Darling, Nancy, Cumsille, Patricio, and Martínez, M. Loreto
- Subjects
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INDIVIDUAL differences , *PARENTAL influences , *RULES , *PARENTING , *PARENT-teenager relationships , *PARENT-child relationships , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Adolescents’ beliefs about the legitimacy of parental authority and obligation to obey were examined in 568 Chilean adolescents (11-14 years old at Wave 1), followed once a year for 4 years. Adolescents’ beliefs about parental legitimacy and obligation to obey declined with age. The steepest decline occurred during early adolescence, particularly in the personal domain. Adolescents who were uninvolved in problem behavior and perceived their parents to be supportive or high in monitoring at Wave 1 were more likely to endorse parental legitimacy and obligation to obey over time. There was little evidence that parenting or problem behavior moderated the normative decline in adolescents’ beliefs about parental authority. Findings concerning individual differences in adolescents’ endorsement of parental authority are highlighted in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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16. Infant Temperament Moderates Relations Between Maternal Parenting in Early Childhood and Children’s Adjustment in First Grade.
- Author
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Stright, Anne Dopkins, Gallagher, Kathleen Cranley, and Kelley, Ken
- Subjects
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STUDENT adjustment , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation in children , *TEMPERAMENT in children , *SOCIAL skills in children , *EMOTIONS in children , *PARENTAL influences , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
A differential susceptibility hypothesis proposes that children may differ in the degree to which parenting qualities affect aspects of child development. Infants with difficult temperaments may be more susceptible to the effects of parenting than infants with less difficult temperaments. Using latent change curve analyses to analyze data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care, the current study found that temperament moderated associations between maternal parenting styles during early childhood and children’s first-grade academic competence, social skills, and relationships with teachers and peers. Relations between parenting and first-grade outcomes were stronger for difficult than for less difficult infants. Infants with difficult temperaments had better adjustment than less difficult infants when parenting quality was high and poorer adjustment when parenting quality was lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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17. Parental Socialization, Vagal Regulation, and Preschoolers’ Anxious Difficulties: Direct Mothers and Moderated Fathers.
- Author
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Hastings, Paul D., Sullivan, Caroline, McShane, Kelly E., Coplan, Robert J., Utendale, William T., and Vyncke, Johanna D.
- Subjects
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PARENTAL influences , *ANXIETY in children , *SOCIALIZATION , *PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system , *SUPPORTIVE communication , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation in children - Abstract
Parental supportiveness and protective overcontrol and preschoolers’ parasympathetic regulation were examined as predictors of temperamental inhibition, social wariness, and internalizing problems. Lower baseline vagal tone and weaker vagal suppression were expected to mark poorer dispositional self-regulatory capacity, leaving children more susceptible to the influence of parental socialization. Less supportive mothers had preschoolers with more internalizing problems. One interaction between baseline vagal tone and maternal protective overcontrol, predicting social wariness, conformed to the moderation hypothesis. Conversely, vagal suppression moderated several links between paternal socialization and children’s anxious difficulties in the expected pattern. There were more links between mothers’ self-reported parenting and child outcomes than were noted for direct observations of maternal behavior, whereas the opposite tended to be true for fathers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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18. Parent and peer contexts for children's moral reasoning development.
- Author
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Walker, Lawrence J., Hennig, Karl H., Walker, L J, Hennig, K H, and Krettenauer, T
- Subjects
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CHILD psychology , *MORAL development , *PARENTAL influences , *PEER pressure in children - Abstract
This study addressed the polarization among theoretical perspectives in moral psychology regarding the relative significance of parents and peers in children's developing moral maturity. The sample was composed of 60 target children from late childhood and midadolescence, 60 parents, and 60 friends who participated in parent/child and friend/child dyadic discussions of a series of moral conflicts. The quality of parents' and friends' verbal interactions, ego functioning, and level of moral reasoning in these discussions was used to predict the rate of children's moral reasoning development over a 4-year longitudinal interval. Results revealed that interactions with both parents and peers were predictive of children's development but that these two types of relationships influence development in rather different ways. Implications of the findings for the understanding of these socialization agents' roles in moral development are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Parental monitoring: a reinterpretation.
- Author
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Stattin, Hakan, Kerr, Margaret, Stattin, H, and Kerr, M
- Subjects
- *
PARENTING & psychology , *PARENTAL influences , *CHILD psychology - Abstract
Monitoring (tracking and surveillance) of children's behavior is considered an essential parenting skill. Numerous studies show that well-monitored youths are less involved in delinquency and other normbreaking behaviors, and scholars conclude that parents should track their children more carefully. This study questions that conclusion. We point out that monitoring measures typically assess parents' knowledge but not its source, and parents could get knowledge from their children's free disclosure of information as well as their own active surveillance efforts. In our study of 703 14-year-olds in central Sweden and their parents, parental knowledge came mainly from child disclosure, and child disclosure was the source of knowledge that was most closely linked to broad and narrow measures of delinquency (normbreaking and police contact). These results held for both children's and parents' reports, for both sexes, and were independent of whether the children were exhibiting problem behavior or not. We conclude that tracking and surveillance is not the best prescription for parental behavior and that a new prescription must rest on an understanding of the factors that determine child disclosure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Congruence between Mothers' and Fathers' Differential Treatment of Siblings: Links with Family Relations and Children's Well-Being.
- Author
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McHale, Susan M. and Crouter, Ann C.
- Subjects
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PARENTAL influences , *SIBLINGS , *FIRST-born children , *SECOND-born children , *PARENTING & psychology , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Studies patterns of mothers' and fathers' differential treatment of firstborn and secondborn siblings. Links between parents' differential treatment and children's well-being and dyadic family relationships; Younger siblings' vulnerability to differential treatment; Association between incongruence in differential warmth and marital distress.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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21. It Takes Two to Replicate: A Mediational Model for the Impact of Parents' Stress on Adolescent Adjustment.
- Author
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Conger, Rand D. and Patterson, Gerald R.
- Subjects
- *
PARENTHOOD & psychology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress testing , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation in adolescence , *PARENTAL influences , *PARENT-child relationships & psychology - Abstract
Studies parental stress and adolescent adjustment. Use of experiences of negative life events during the recent past to generate a measure of acute stress; Estimation of latent constructs for parental depression, discipline practices and teenage adjustment; Correlation with disrupted discipline processes; Use of the structural equation model (SEM).
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
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22. Parental Socialization of Young Children's Play: A Short--Term Longitudinal Study.
- Author
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Eisenberg, Nancy, Wolchik, Sharlene A., Hernandez, Robert, and Pasternack, Jeannette F.
- Subjects
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SOCIALIZATION , *SOCIAL skills in children , *PARENT-child relationships , *PARENTAL influences - Abstract
Examines parents' socialization of one- to two-year old children's sex-typed play behaviors. Effect of sex of child on the parents' choice of toys to use during interactions; Sex stereotypic observation of boys' play; Positive relation of parental differential reinforcement of sex-typed play to the level of gender constancy.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Relationships between infants' social behavior and their mothers' behavior.
- Author
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Beckwith, Leila and Beckwith, L
- Subjects
MOTHER-infant relationship ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,PARENTAL acceptance ,PARENTAL influences ,CHILD psychology ,CHILD development - Abstract
24 middle-class mothers and their adoptive infants were observed for 2 1-hr sessions. The amount of maternal physical and verbal contact with the baby, how much the mother ignored the baby, the amount of opportunity for exploration, the amount of experience with people other than the mother, and the mother's answers to the Parental Attitude Response Inventory were related to how much their babies initiated and/or responded to and/or ignored the mother and a stranger. Differences in quantity of contact between mother and baby affected how much the baby ignored his mother as well as how much he stimulated himself. Qualitatively, the more suppressive and critical the mother, the less responsive the baby was in social play with her. The more the baby responded to his mother, the less he responded to a stranger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1972
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. MATERNAL INFLUENCES IN EARLY SOCIAL VISUAL BEHAVIOR.
- Author
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Moss, Howard A. and Robson, Kenneth S.
- Subjects
NEWBORN infants ,MOTHERS ,PARENTAL influences ,PREGNANCY ,SOCIAL pressure ,GENDER - Abstract
Positive attitudes toward infants were assessed in 54 primiparous mothers during pregnancy. In subsequent home observations, the frequency at 1 and 3 months of age with which mother and infant simultaneously looked at one another's faces (vis-à-vis) was recorded. At 3&frag14; months, most of these infants were shown a series of geometric and social stimuli to which total fixation times were calculated. For female infants the pregnancy rat- tags, vis-à-vis scores, and total fixation times to social stimuli were all positively intercorrelated. However, for males the pregnancy ratings were significantly associated only with the 1-month score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. DISCUSSION.
- Author
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Harris, Dale B.
- Subjects
LEARNING ,CHILD psychology ,PARENT-child relationships ,PARENTAL influences ,PERFORMANCE in children - Abstract
Discusses the influence of learning theory on contemporary child psychology. Overview of learning theory paradigms which seek to analyze parental influence on child behavior; Discussion of the concept of self-approval in achievement behavior; Variations in the expression of achievement needs among children of varying ages.
- Published
- 1960
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. INFLUENCE TECHNIQUES: A CONCEPT USED TO STUDY PARENTAL BEHAVIORS.
- Author
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Sigel, Irving E.
- Subjects
DISCIPLINE of children ,PARENT-child relationships ,CHILD psychology ,PARENTAL influences ,INFLUENCE - Abstract
Focuses on the importance of parental discipline and control in the study of parent-child behavior. Discussion of the concept of influence technique; Types of influence techniques used by parents to control or modify the behavior of their children; Criteria used to determine the degree of power assertiveness in an influence technique.
- Published
- 1960
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Perceived parent attitudes as determinants of children's ego structure.
- Author
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Ausubel, David P., Balthazar, Earl E., Rosenthal, Irene, Blackman, Leonard S., Schpoont, Seymour H., Welkowitz, Joan, AUSUBEL, D P, BALTHAZAR, E E, ROSENTHAL, I, BLACKMAN, L S, SCHPOONT, S H, and WELKOWITZ, J
- Subjects
CHILD development ,PARENTAL influences - Abstract
Examines the relationship between children's perceptions of acceptance-rejection and intrinsic-extrinsic valuation by parents. Determinants of children's ego structure; Factors influencing personality development; Correlation between perceptions of acceptance and intrinsic valuation.
- Published
- 1954
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Family backgrounds of assertive and non-assertive children.
- Author
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Mummery, Dorothy V. and MUMMERY, D V
- Subjects
PARENTAL influences ,CHILD psychology - Abstract
Examines the family backgrounds of ascendants and non-ascendants children. Differences in the quality and quantity of ascendant behavior between preschool children from the upper socio-economic and educational levels; Analysis of personality traits similar to ascendance; Comparison between the homes of assertive children who use socially acceptable methods and homes of those who use socially unacceptable methods.
- Published
- 1954
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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