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A robust and fast healable composite solid-state electrolyte is developed by using functionalized LLZTO nanoparticles as the dynamic covalent crosslinking points, which exhibits long cycling stability and superior safety in lithium metal batteries even under abuse conditions. [Display omitted] • A novel strategy is proposed by utilizing LLZTO nanoparticles as crosslinking points to form dynamic imine bonds. • The abundant dynamic imine bonds endow the crosslinked network with rapid healing capabilities. • The stability of the battery is demonstrated by the long cycle life of symmetric cells and the abuse resistances of pouch cells. Flexible composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) show great potentials in high-energy all-solid-state lithium metal batteries owing to their easy fabrication, good electrochemical properties, and high safety. However, it remains challenging to achieve good interfacial compatibility between the inorganic fillers and polymer matrix, which affects the lithium-ion transport efficiency and electrochemical performances of CSEs. Herein, a dynamic crosslinked network with Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) nanoparticles as the cross-linking point is proposed for fabrication of a rapidly self-healing flexible CSE, which is signed as SHENE. The amino groups in the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified LLZTO behave as the bridge sites to react with the copolymer of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate- g -4-formylbenzoic acid and poly (ethylene glycol) methoxy acrylate to form imine bonds, which effectively connect the organic/inorganic interface. Compared to the traditional physical contact, the covalent imine bonds can not only enhance the interaction between the two phases, but also improve the dispersion of the ceramic LLZTO nanoparticles. Additionally, the dynamic reversibility of imine bonds allows for enhanced mechanical strength and self-repairing capabilities of SHENE. Therefore, a Li||Li symmetrical cell assembled with SHENE can stably cycle for 5000 h at 0.05 mA cm −2 and 25 °C. The corresponding Li/SHENE/LiFePO 4 full battery also exhibits good rate performance under various C-rates. Additionally, the Li/SHENE/LFP pouch cell exhibits superior safety under various abuse conditions. Therefore, this work provides new ideas for the uniform dispersion of ceramic nanoparticles in CSEs by the facile design of forming dynamic crosslinked networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the issue of lithium metal deposition, a Cs doped FA interlayer was constructed on the surface of CSE. The CSE with this interfacial layer exhibits enhanced ionic conductivity, high Li+ transference number, a wide electrochemical window, and excellent flame-retardant property. Furthermore, the Li||Li symmetric cell assembled using the CSE with this interfacial layer demonstrates stable electroplating/stripping tests over 2000h at 0.2 mA cm−2. In addition, the full cells with the Cs doped FA interlayer and LFP or NCM811 cathode exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance. [Display omitted] • DFT shows that Cs-doped FA contributes to the decomposition of LiTFSI to produce more freedom Li+. • The Cs doped FA interfacial layer can effectively inhibit lithium dendrite growth. • The symmetric Li||Li cell exhibits an exceptionally long life of more than 2000 h at 0.2 mA cm−2. • Solid-state lithium metal batteries with LiFePO 4 and NCM811 exhibit excellent cycling performance. Composite electrolytes have garnered considerable attention owing to ease of processing, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, their practical applicability has been hindered by the insufficient ionic conductivity and the formation of dendrites duo to solid–solid interfacial interactions. In this work, an interfacial layer with Cs-doped fluorapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4) 3 F, FA) as the filler was constructed to enhance the flame-retardant property of the composite electrolyte and inhibit dendrite growth during cycling process. The CSE with the Cs doped FA interfacial layer exhibits significant flame-retardant properties. Furthermore, the self-healing electrostatic shielding (SHES) mechanism of Cs+ effectively inhibits the growth of lithium dendrite and promotes uniform lithium deposition. The solid electrolyte integrated with the Cs doped FA interfacial layer exhibits a broad voltage window of 5.58 V vs. Li+/Li, high ionic conductivity of 5.43 × 10-4 S cm−1, and Li+ transference number of 0.716. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a competitive interaction between Cs+ and Li+ for TFSI- coordination, leading to reduced binding energy of LiTFSI and thus increasing the availability of free lithium ions, enhancing lithium ions mobility. Additionally, the symmetrical cell with the Cs doped FA interfacial layer demonstrates cyclic stability over 2000 h at 0.2 mA cm−2 due to the lower nucleation overpotential, demonstrating excellent lithium plating/stripping capabilities. The LFP||Li full cell shows a remarkable capacity retention of 99.54 % after 300 cycles at 0.5C, and 95.58 % with a higher Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99 % after 600 cycles at 1C. In addition, the cell with this CSE and NCM811 cathode exhibits excellent capacity retention of 78 % after 150 cycles at 0.5C. This approach to designing interfacial layers offers new avenues for advancing solid-state lithium-metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benefitting from the synergistic effect of the continuous 3D NZSP framework and PEO/PVDF-HFP asymmetric polymer electrolyte layer, the novel composite solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium metal batteries exhibits ultrahigh ion transference number and stability. [Display omitted] • A novel 3D-NZSP solid electrolyte was synthesized via using NaCl as the templatewe. • The 3D-15PNZSPP exhibits an outstanding transference number of 0.82 at temperature of 30 °C. • The Na/3D-15PNZSPP/Na symmetric cell can cycle for 700 h with a small overpotential. • The assembled Na 0.67 Li 0.24 Mn 0.76 O 2 /3D-15PNZSPP/Na batteries demonstrate remarkable cycling stability. The combination of a Na-ion conducting filler and polymer matrix in composite solid electrolyte (CSE) presents a promising and attractive strategy for improving the energy density and safety of the sodium-metal batteries. The agglomeration and precipitation of inorganic ceramic fillers in the polymer matrix present a major challenge leading to the decreased Na ion conductivity property and transference number, increased interfacial resistance, and worsened mechanical properties of CSEs. Herein, we introduce a novel composite solid electrolyte (denoted as 3D-15PNZSPP), comprising a three-dimensional interconnected porous Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 framework integrated with an asymmetric polymer electrolyte layer, which not only offers continuous conductive pathways and high mechanical strength for Na ions transfer, but also enhances the interfacial compatibility and expands the electrochemical stability window. The 3D-15PNZSPP CSE shows a high Na+ conductivity of 7.6 × 10−4 S cm−1 and an outstanding transference number of 0.82 at temperature of 30 °C. These characteristics enable the Na/3D-15PNZSPP/Na symmetric cell to cycle for over 700 h with a small overpotential. More importantly, the assembled all solid-state Na 0.67 Li 0.24 Mn 0.76 O 2 /3D-15PNZSPP/Na batteries demonstrate remarkable cycling stability and high rate capability, indicating a promising and facile strategy for designing ultra-safe and high-performance solid-state sodium metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Well-dispersed SiO 2 nanofluids boosting ion transport channels. • Continuous Li-ion diffusion pathways throughout 3D electrospun composite skeletons. • Stable and uniform Li-ions flux during the repeated plating/stripping processes. • Composite electrolytes enabling uniform Li deposition and high rate capability. Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are considered as one of the most promising electrolytes for the next generation of solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) because of their good flexibility, favorable interface contact, easy large-scale processing and improved safety. To address the severe agglomeration of inorganic nanofillers at the high-level loading, a new gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) was fabricated by electrospun membranes adopting polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the host matrix and solvent-free SiO 2 nanofluids (NFs) as nanofillers, presenting low crystallinity, high electrolyte uptake, superior flexibility, and large porosity. The as-prepared PAN/SiO 2 GPEs containing 20 % SiO 2 NFs show the optimum mechanical and thermal properties, the maximum ionic conductivity (3.44 x 10−4 S cm−1) and Li+ transfer number (0.73), and the widest electrochemical stable window (4.99 V). Benefiting from multiple advantages, the percolated 3D Li+ transport networks are well-established to suppress the electrode polarization and Li dendrite growth. Further, the abundant ester groups on the SiO 2 NFs shell and Lewis acid-based sites on SiO 2 cores are favored to dissociate lithium salts and produce more free Li+. Accordingly, the assembled solid-state LiFePO 4 /Li cell exhibits superior cycling stability (132.7 mAh/g after 500 cycles at 3C with a retention of 90.8 %) and rate capability (80.4 mAh/g at 25C) at ambient temperature. This work provides a facile strategy to fabricate GPEs by incorporating solvent-free NFs containing inorganic cores for LMBs with high-rate capability, good cycling stability, and high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• SbF 3 is employed as an additive in PEO-LLZTO composite solid electrolyte (SbF 3 @CSE). • A composite interfacial layer is in-situ built by contacting SbF 3 @CSE with Li metal. • The interfacial layer regulates the deposition behavior of Li at anodic interface. • Remarkable current density and long-cycle performance are achieved in ASSLBs. The PEO-LLZTO composite solid electrolyte (CSE) is considered as one of the most promising solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). However, there is still a serious problem caused by dendrite penetration due to the uneven deposition of Li on the interface. Construction of Li alloy-rich artificial interfacial layers is proved to be an ideal solution to hinder Li dendrite growth. However, traditional coating methods often result in thick and uneven interfacial layer, causing unsatisfied Li plating behavior. In this work, commercial SbF 3 is firstly used as a solid-state electrolyte additive to in-situ construct an ultrathin and uniform Li-Sb alloy-rich artificial interfacial layer, which optimized the Li deposition behavior. The Li//Li symmetric cell with SbF 3 @CSE solid electrolyte exhibits a high working current density of 1.5 mA·cm−2 and an extended cycle life about 980 h at 0.2 mA·cm−2. Moreover, the LiFePO 4 //Li cell shows a greatly improved cycle stability and Coulombic efficiency compared with Blank CSE, in which the LiFePO 4 /SbF 3 @CSE/ Li delivers a stable cycle performance at 1C for nearly 200 cycles (91.3% capacity retention), and it also exhibits superior rate capability of about 140 mAh·g−1 at 1C. These results demonstrate the modified electrolyte holds large potential for all-solid-state lithium metal battery applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MPEG@LLZTO inhibit its agglomeration in CSE and enhanced the ionic conductivity. • The lightweight design of PLCN maximizes the gravimetric energy density of the ASSBs. • The CN scaffold enhances the temperature endurance and structural robustness of CSE. The lightweight solid electrolyte design in replacement of the flammable liquid electrolyte and polyolefin separator is the key of the energy-dense all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) construction. However, the technological barriers of scalable manufacturing, retarded ionic conductivity at room temperature as well as the mechanical fragility upon the high-temperature operation restrict the ASSB deployment of practical relevance. In this study, an ultra-lightweight (1.67 mg cm−2), thin (25 μm), high strength and thermally robust (stability up to 180 °C) composite solid electrolyte (CSE) has been designed to address the dilemma by the rational integration of polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers coated Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 nanofillers (MPEG@LLZTO) with lightweight nanocellulose scaffold. The MPEG coating layer enhances the interfacial compatibility and homogeneous dispersibility of LLZTO nanofiller within the poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix, while the mechanically flexible and thermally stable nanocellulose scaffold guarantees the formation of the high-temperature endurance and structural robustness for the as-formed CSE layer. Upon the solvent-free, layer stacked-up assembly of the PEO/MPEG@LLZTO-Nanocellulose (PLCN) CSE film with the high-mass-loading LiFePO 4 cathode and thin-layer lithium anode, the ASSB prototype could simultaneously realize the high gravimetric energy density (323 Wh kg−1), cycling stability as well as operation reliability within a wider temperature range (25 °C ∼ 130 °C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A lithium-donor reaction method is proposed for decarbonization of aged-LLZTO. • The modified LLZTO show excellent air stability and electrochemical properties. • The solid LiCoO 2 /Li cell show good cycle stability and high coulombic efficiency. Garnet-type Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0.25 O 12 (LLZTO) is enlightening great future in solid-state lithium metal batteries due to the considerable ionic conductivity and good compatibility with metallic lithium. Unfortunately, LLZTO is always trapped into the Li 2 CO 3 by-product forming on the surface in a moist atmosphere and becomes difficult for practical application. Herein, we propose an in-situ conversion from the Li 2 CO 3 by-product towards electrochemical active LiCoO 2 to turn this disadvantage. The modified LLZTO (M−LLZTO) realizes excellent air stability and performs impressively enhanced electrochemical performance in the structure application of both cathode and composite solid electrolyte (CSE). The prepared CSE delivers high ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability against Li metal with an ultra-long lifespan over 2000 h in the symmetrical cells. Once working in a solid-state lithium battery with a LiCoO 2 cathode, the solid battery maintains a low capacity fade of 4.51 % over 150 cycles and a high average columbic efficiency of 99 %. All these results promise a new insight into the air sensitive solid electrolyte for advanced solid-state lithium batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery assembled by a novel Mg(TFSI) 2 -functionalized PEO-LLZTO composite solid-state electrolyte displays a high Coulombic efficiency and superior cycling stability. [Display omitted] • Mg(TFSI) 2 used as a functional additive to improve the properties of PEO-LLZTO-based CSE. • Magnesium polysulfide precipitated on the cathode interface can hinder the shuttle of Li 2 S x. • Li x Mg layer generated on the surface of lithium anode can suppress the formation of dendrite. • An ALSB with the novel CSE achieved a high Coulombic efficiency and cycle stability. All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ALSBs) using poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) are regarded as one of potential high energy storage devices; however, they still face two core problems of polysulfide shuttle and lithium dendrite during long cycle. Herein, based on a passive-type strategy, magnesium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide [Mg(TFSI) 2 ] as a novel functional additive of the PEO-Li 6.5 La 3 Zr 1.5 Ta 0.5 O 12 (PEO-LLZTO)-based CSE, has been proved to be successful on both retarding polysulfide species shuttle and stabilizing lithium anode. Study results show that magnesium polysulfide precipitate, formed on the interface between the S/C cathode and CSE, can hinder the shuttle of diffluent lithium polysulfide; and meanwhile, a robust Li x Mg layer generated on the surface of lithium anode can suppress the formation of dendrite. As a consequence, the Mg(TFSI) 2 additive-functionalized PEO-LLZTO CSE obviously prompts a critical current density up to 1.0 mA cm−2 from 0.6 mA cm−2 of the sole PEO-LLZTO CSE, and maintains very stable cycling over 500 h at 0.2 mA cm−2 for a symmetric cell. Furthermore, the ALSB with the Mg(TFSI) 2 additive-functionalized PEO-LLZTO CSE delivers robust cycle performances, with specific capacities of 877 mAh g−1 at 0.1C (1C = 1675 mA g−1) after 50 cycles (capacity retention ratio of 100 %) and 331 mAh g−1 at 0.5C over 300 cycles (capacity retention ratio of 94.1 %) under 50 °C. This work provides a realistic reference in designing novel additives to ameliorate the electrode–electrolyte interfaces for stabilizing ALSB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• LLZTO is grafted by LiSTFSI on the surface of LLZTO via silane coupling agent. • Li+ deposition in PL@LCSEs is regulated uniformly to avoid lithium dendrite growth. • PL@LCSEs show high t Li+ and interfacial stability with electrodes. • Li/ PL@LCSEs/Li battery exhibits superior cycle stability. • NCM811/PL@LCSEs/Li battery shows excellent rate performance. Compared with traditional liquid electrolytes, the composite solid electrolytes (CSE) composed of polymer and inorganic particle fillers show better electrochemical stability and safety in lithium-ion batteries. However, the low lithium ion transference number (t Li+) and filler agglomeration still threat CSE performance. In response to these threats, we proposed a flexible anion-immobilized modified ceramic-polymer composite solid electrolyte, which significantly increased the lithium ion transference number and showed promising performance after assembled in an all-solid-state battery. Primarily, the surface of Ta-doped garnet Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (@LLZTO) was modified by a silane coupling agent bearing C = C bonds, then the lithium single-ion polymer (lithium (4-styrenesulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiSTFSI)) was chemically grafted onto the above particles resulting in the ceramic-polymer composite particles (Li@LLZTO). These particles can be uniformly distributed in the polyethylene oxide (PEO) matrix to form composite solid electrolyte (PL@LCSE). It is found that the PL@LCSE promotes the dissociation of lithium salt and reduces the crystallinity of PEO, and shows a relatively high restriction on the migration of anions. Therefore, PL@LCSE shows a high ionic conductivity (1.5 mS·cm−1), a wide electrochemical window (∼5.3 V vs. Li/ Li+) and a high t Li+ (0.77). The Li/PL@LCSE/Li battery exhibits long cycle stability (cycling more than 1000 h). Excellent cycling stability and high rate capability are demonstrated in the all-solid-state batteries with LiFePO 4 and LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM811) cathode. Consequently, the synthesized garnet-lithium single-ion polymer composite micron particles have great potential in the next generation of all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 3D XRM is employed to visualize the internal composition, structure and morphology of solid-electrolyte. • The solid electrolyte exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycle over 1000 h. • The NCM622/Li, NCM622/Graphite and NCM622/Si-Graphite batteries show good cycle stability at room temperature. Rationally constructing composite solid electrolyte (CSE) with high ionic conductivity, mechanically strong, and nonflammability is considered as an effective strategy to meet the urgent needs for high-safety and high-energy density batteries. Herein, we report the design of a fiber-network reinforced 3D CSE with a flexible, mechanically strong, nonflammable and porous PI film as the host, and Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0.25 O 12 (LLZTO) and poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) polymer matrix as the ionically conducting filler. The homogeneously and continuously distribution of LLZTO fillers in CSE is conductive to the rapid Li+ transmission and uniform Li+ deposition. Meanwhile, the mechanically robust PI host can effectively suppress Li dendrite growth by constructing physical obstacles in inner structure of CSE. Benefiting from these merits, the as-prepared PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE exhibits high ionic conductivity of 2.7 × 10-4 S cm−1 at 30 °C and excellent tensile strength of 11.78 MPa. The 3D CSE enables highly stable Li plating/stripping cycle for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 at 25 °C. The LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 (NCM622)/PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE/Li cells demonstrate good cycling stability (0.2 C) and rate performances at room temperature. Furthermore, the NCM622/Graphite (Gr) and NCM622/Si-Gr full solid batteries based on PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE also deliver good cycle stability, which further broadens the application fields of this fiber-network reinforced 3D CSE in different battery systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 3D XRM is employed to visualize the internal composition, structure and morphology of solid-electrolyte. • The solid electrolyte exhibits stable Li plating/stripping cycle over 1000 h. • The NCM622/Li, NCM622/Graphite and NCM622/Si-Graphite batteries show good cycle stability at room temperature. Rationally constructing composite solid electrolyte (CSE) with high ionic conductivity, mechanically strong, and nonflammability is considered as an effective strategy to meet the urgent needs for high-safety and high-energy density batteries. Herein, we report the design of a fiber-network reinforced 3D CSE with a flexible, mechanically strong, nonflammable and porous PI film as the host, and Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0.25 O 12 (LLZTO) and poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) polymer matrix as the ionically conducting filler. The homogeneously and continuously distribution of LLZTO fillers in CSE is conductive to the rapid Li+ transmission and uniform Li+ deposition. Meanwhile, the mechanically robust PI host can effectively suppress Li dendrite growth by constructing physical obstacles in inner structure of CSE. Benefiting from these merits, the as-prepared PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE exhibits high ionic conductivity of 2.7 × 10-4 S cm−1 at 30 °C and excellent tensile strength of 11.78 MPa. The 3D CSE enables highly stable Li plating/stripping cycle for over 1000 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 at 25 °C. The LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 (NCM622)/PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE/Li cells demonstrate good cycling stability (0.2 C) and rate performances at room temperature. Furthermore, the NCM622/Graphite (Gr) and NCM622/Si-Gr full solid batteries based on PI-PPC/LLZTO CSE also deliver good cycle stability, which further broadens the application fields of this fiber-network reinforced 3D CSE in different battery systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Novel 3D composite polymer electrolyte containing boron was successfully prepared. • B-CPE shows high t Na + and excellent electrochemical compatibility to Na anode. • The formed continuous polymer phase greatly facilitated charge-transfer. • Solid-state c-NFM/B-CPE/Na battery exhibits superior electrochemical performance. Practical application of solid-state batteries has been severely hindered by the relatively low ionic conductivity of electrolyte and high charge-transfer resistance between electrode and solid electrolyte. The development of novel materials and creation of new nanostructures are effective strategies to address the challenges. Here, an innovative 3D composite polymer electrolyte modified with anion-trapping boron (B-CPE) is reported for the first time as a solid electrolyte for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The B-CPE is prepared through in situ polymerization of polymer electrolyte inside a mechanically supporting matrix. It shows excellent ionic conductivity of 2.57 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 40 °C, high Na+ transference number of 0.66, and good interfacial compatibility with Na metal anode. Moreover, solid-state SIBs were assembled by one-step in situ solidification method to form "gentle" electrode/electrolyte contact, and it's found that the charge-transfer efficiency has been significantly improved at the electrode/electrolyte interface as well as in cathode due to the formation of ion-conducting continuous polymer phase. Hence the B-CPE based solid-state SIBs exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances as the synergistic effect of high performance electrolyte and optimized cell structure. It delivers initial discharge capacity of 113.8 mAh g−1 and maintains 80.1% of capacity during 320 cycles under 0.2 C at 40 °C, and even 80.4% of the capacity retention after 700 cycles under 3 C. Notably, the battery achieves a significant improvement in rate capability owing to the introduction of boron moieties. This work opens new possibilities to fabricate high performance other rechargeable solid-state batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• High performance PEO/Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 electrolyte films were prepared. • Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 based electrolytes possess excellent thermal stability. • Succinonitrile build better sodium ions transfer channels in cathode. • All-solid-state Na batteries exhibit excellent electrochemical performance. Solid electrolytes with satisfactory ionic conductivity, good flexibility, and ideal interface compatibility are the key to developing next-generation solid-state rechargeable sodium metal batteries. Herein, nano-sized NASICON-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 (NZSP) powders were firstly prepared by sol–gel method. After that, two kinds of high-performance polyethylene oxide/NZSP composite solid electrolytes were fabricated by solution-casting method, which exhibit high ionic conductivities (>10−4 S cm−1 at 55 °C), wide electrochemical window (>4.7 V vs. Na+/Na), and good capability to impede sodium dendrites. In order to build better transfer channels for sodium ions in cathode and relieve the volume change of cathode particles during cycling, succinonitrile interphase was introduced by a simple dispersing method. The all-solid-state Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O 2 |Na batteries based on the two kinds of electrolytes both exhibit excellent electrochemical performances with high discharge capacity of 73.2 mA h g−1 (68.2 mA h g−1) and high capacity retention of 98.4% (97.6%) after 100 cycles at 0.5C and 55 °C. These results promise a splendid strategy for designing high performance all-solid-state sodium batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]