Search

A facile and viable protocol for the preparation of three dissimilar structured micro-particles by the solvothermal (ST) process. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis reveals an average length, width, and thickness of LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4/C (LNCP/C) brick-like micro-particles (BR2) are in the range of 20–30 μm, 12–16 μm, and 500 nm − 3 μm, respectively. The average length, width, and area of LNCP/C leaf-like micro-particles (LF2) are 11, 3.5 μm, and 22 μm2 respectively and the average diameter of LNCP/C cauliflower-like micro-particle (FL2) is ~ 200 nm. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) evidently elaborates the average width of BR2, and LF2 is less than 50, and 500 nm respectively, size of FL2 is 180 nm. The initial discharge capacities of conventional batteries are 145.8, 141.7, 144.5 mA h g−1, subsequent gravimetrical energy and power densities are 623.84, 603.67, 615.19 mW h g−1 and 2717.58, 2837.09, 2840.65 W kg−1 respectively. The initial discharge capacities of thin and flexible batteries are in the range of 135.8–133.7 mA h g−1, corresponding volumetric power and energy densities are within the span of 2.16–2.30 W cm−3 and 0.217–0.23 W h cm−3 respectively.

A novel approach of Co-doping at the 4c site of Ni enhances the electrical conductivity of LiNi0.5Co0.5PO4 (LNCP). A facile and sustainable protocol for the synthesis of three different shaped nanoparticles of LNCP/C by supercritical fluid hydrothermal method. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that the Co doping improves Li-ion diffusion, elimination of anti-site defects, well crystalline nature and average particle size of LNCP/C nanospheres (SP2) is 18 nm. Thicknesses of LNCP/C nanosheet (SH2) and nanoplates (PL2) are 39 and 37 nm, respectively. First-principle calculations proved that the single electron of Co-3dyz orbital provides the energy states across the Fermi level and enhance the electrical conductivity. Conventional Li-ion batteries deliver the discharge capacities in the range of 145–159 mA h g−1, their gravimetrical energy, and power densities within the range of 645–697 W h Kg−1 and 2277–2601 W Kg−1, respectively. Thin flexible batteries exhibit the discharge capacities in the range of 130–134 mA h g−1, the volumetric energy, and power densities are in the range of 0.46–0.49 W h cm−3 and 3.3–3.4 W cm−3, respectively. The microfiber flexible batteries show the discharge capacities within the range of 131–133 mA h g−1.