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• Various interactions between glass powder and black phosphene. • An efficient strategy to fabricate EP/GBP composite materials. • Significant enhancement multiple properties of composite materials. • The corresponding flame retardancy parameters reduced remarkably. • The synergistic effect of glass powder and black phosphene. Black phosphorene (BP) has caused widespread attention for excellent dimension effects and thermal stability. Herein, glass powder (GP), a waste from ceramic production, is blended with black phosphorene (GBP) for reducing the fire hazard of epoxy resin (EP) matrix. Density functional theory (DFT) reveals that the adsorption energy between BP and SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 are −3.55 and −4.27 eV, respectively, indicating a strong interaction between BP and GP. The results of cone calorimetry test (CCT) indicate that the flame retardant performance of EP can tremendously promote through adding 1.5 wt% GBP nanosheets, for instance, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release (THR) are decreased by 27.76 % and 31.42 %, respectively. Epoxy composites with only 1.5 wt% GBP nanosheets can reach UL-94 V-0 rating level with a limit oxygen index (LOI) of 29.7. These positive results are attributed to the collaborative function of physical obstacle, free radicals capturing and catalytic char formation between BP and GP components. In addition, the thermal conductivity decreased by 8.91 %, and the tensile strength increased by 39.99 % with the 1.5 wt% addition amount of GBP nanosheets. This work has a promising foreground for exploiting the resue of waste to satisfy the requirement of sustainable practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A Ni/MgO/Ni-foam catalytic reformer and its kinetic model are developed. • Ni-foam-based IIR-SOFC stack and DIR-SOFC stack are compared. • IIR-SOFC reduces the cell temperature uniformity index. • IIR-SOFC reduces the cell global and local temperature gradients. For solid oxide fuel cells, non-uniform temperature distribution has a large effect on the cell's efficiency over the long-term operation. A methane steam reformer with 10 %Ni/10 %MgO/Ni foam as a catalyst was designed, and the intrinsic kinetic model of the catalyst is developed based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood theory. An indirect internal reforming (IIR)-SOFC stack is constructed by combing the reformer and the single SOFC stack to improve the uniform temperature distribution and reduce the cell temperature gradient under various operating conditions. The electrical performance and temperature distribution of the IIR-SOFC stack and direct internal reforming (DIR)-SOFC stack are comparatively studied by experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the two SOFC stacks have almost identical polarization curves under different temperatures, fuel–air flow rates, or steam/methane (S/C). It indicates that the IIR-SOFC stack just changes the position of methane reforming, and the amount of hydrogen and carbon monoxide produced by methane reforming is almost the same. As compared to the DIR-SOFC stack, the IIR-SOFC stack observably lowers the cell temperature uniform index, and the cell global and local temperature gradient, making the cell temperature distribution more uniform. The maximum temperature difference and the maximum temperature gradient on the IIR-SOFC anode are 35.1 % and 307 % less than on the DIR-SOFC anode under the operating condition of 800 °C, S/C = 2.5 and 0.6 V. Overall, the Ni-foam-based IIR-SOFC stack can homogenize the cell temperature distribution, and reduce the cell carbon deposition and mechanical failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Composite polymer microcapsules are obtained by a SFEPE strategy. • The Pickering emulsion formulas can be optimized upon emulsification kinetics. • The phase behaviors during extraction can reveal the diffusion process. • The operation conditions slightly above MCP are conducive to extraction. Polyphenylene oxide (PPO)/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)/carbon black (CB) microcapsules were fabricated by the supercritical extraction of Pickering emulsion (SFEPE) method. The effects of Pickering emulsion formulations on the emulsion properties, emulsification kinetics, and CPM properties were investigated. The phase behaviors in the supercritical extraction process were studied, and the mass transfer between the emulsion droplet and supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2) was also interpreted. The results indicate that CNC concentration, CB concentration, and NaCl concentration can decrease the droplet size and creaming index of emulsions, while the water–oil ratio can decrease the droplet size but enhance the creaming index. The emulsion formulations of water–oil > 3, CNC concentration > 0.25 mg/mL, CB concentration < 2.5 mg/mL, and NaCl concentration > 2.5 mg/mL are conducive to the emulsion formation and emulsification kinetics. For the supercritical extraction on Pickering emulsions, the operation conditions slightly above the mixture critical point (9 MPa at 313 K, for example) are proved to be conducive to the extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The mesocellular silica foam (MCF) surface has been functionalized with –OH, –C3H6H, –C3H6NH2, –C3H6NHCONH2, and –C3H6COOH biomimetic groups. Thereby the non-covalent interaction between protein and support surface is generated and tailored in virtue of the surface modification and varied pH of adsorption medium. The adsorption kinetics, adsorption thermodynamics, protein distribution and adsorption reversibility have been discussed in relation to the surface–protein interfacial interactions and protein–protein lateral interactions. It is found that between lysozyme and MCF surfaces, the electrostatic force, hydrophobic interaction, π–π overlapping, and some hydrogen bonding are similarly effective driving forces for protein adsorption. But depending on the nature of interfacial interactions, the effects of protein–protein repulsion on the lysozyme adsorption are diversified. The biomimetic modification of inorganic support surface counteracts in part the inhibition effects of protein–protein repulsion on protein adsorption, thus favoring the adsorption capacity. The adsorption of lysozyme on MCF supports causes no visible loss of enzymatic activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Dynamics and oxygen transfer of a novel vertical tubular biological reactor (VTBR) for wastewater treatment were investigated in this paper. It was showed that the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in VTBR is higher than that in the conventional bubble column. When the ratio of gas and liquid flow rates was greater than 6.44, there were no phenomena of deficiency oxygen in all reactors. The volume oxygen transfer coefficient (k L a) was between 0.005 and 0.0251/s. The multi-stage series CSTR and PFR model were developed to describe the dynamics of VTBR. It was revealed that the PFR model was proper to describe the dynamics of VTBR of which maximum error was only 25%. The industrial effluents from Dalian Bangchui Island Beer Company were utilized to verify the two models. It was suggested that when the ratio of gas–liquid was greater than 6.44, the removal efficiency of COD could be obtained more than 80%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]